2016高考英语一轮课件优化复习（山东专用）人教版选修八Unit1　A land of diversity——多元化的社会

　　4．The reason________death was feared was________no man could experience it twice. A．why；that

　　B．why；because C．why；why

　　D．because；that 解析：选A。句意为：人们之所以恐惧死亡，是因为没有人能经历两次。 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 归纳拓展 take away拿走，使离开；消除(病痛等) take down记下来； 拆掉 take for(错)当作；(误)以为 take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功　 ①(牛津P2059)He was homeless，so we took him in. 他无家可归，我们便收留了他。 ②(辽宁高考)Don’t be taken_in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly. 不要被许诺能使你快速减肥的商品所欺骗。 ③This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in. 这是假期的全部费用，一切都包括在内。 ④The students find it easy to take_in what you teach. 学生们觉得你教的课容易领会。 4apply for　申请；请示得到 (教材P8)From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. 从1882年到1940年，天使岛就成为著名的移民居住区，在那里，许多中国人申请在美国的居住权。 归纳拓展 ①(2011·高考山东卷阅读C)More students are applying for aid，and more families expect to need student loans. 更多的学生申请帮助，而且有更多的家庭期望学生贷款。 ②(朗文P82)Some of the children seem unable to apply what they have learned. 有些孩子似乎不会应用他们所学的知识。 ③You can’t apply_for the job until you have satisfied certain conditions. 在符合一定的条件之后你才能申请这份工作。

　　④(朗文P82)I wish Sam would apply himself a little more to his schoolwork.真希望萨姆能再专心点学业。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．The young men in the rural areas have to leave for big cities to________________(谋生)． make a life 2．A volleyball court had been________________(标出……界线)on the grass. 3．I’d like to________________________(与……合作)people who are willing to work as hard as I do. marked out team up with 4．He told me that it was a genuine diamond，and I was completely________________(欺骗)． 5．After_________________________ ________________(看到许多无家可归的人)in the streets，I thought I should do something for them. taken in

　　seeing a great many homeless people Ⅱ.单项填空 1．My study of biology has________much of my spare time，but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. A．taken in

　　B．taken down C．taken up

　　D．taken away 解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。take in欺骗；take up占去；take away取走；take down写下，拆下。 2．He would like to________the position as a salesman advertised in the newspaper yesterday. A．wait for

　　B．stand for C．search for

　　D．apply for

　　解析：选D。此题考查动词短语辨析。句意为：他想申请昨天在报纸上刊登的销售人员的职位。apply for“申请”,符合题意。wait for“等候”；stand for“代表；表示”；search for“查找”。 3．Out of pity，the old lady offered to________the poor homeless child for the night. A．worry about

　　B．bring up C．give up

　　D．take in 解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。根据句意，这里表示“收留”，用take in。worry about为……担心；bring up教育，抚养；give up放弃。 1(教材P2)That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。 句型精析 【点津】　句中的why引导的是表语从句，注意以下句式的区别： (1)That’s why...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果) (2)That’s because...那是因为……(because从句表示原因) (3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导,而不用because) ①Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.汤姆开会迟到了,那是因为他病了。 ②Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。 ③The_reason_why Tom came late for the meeting was_that he was ill.汤姆开会迟到的原因是因为他病了。 2(教材P2)However，it_is_likely_that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，土著美国人有可能在一万五千年前就在加州生活着。 【点津】　本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。 It is likely that...……是可能的，此句型可转化为：sb./sth.be likely to do sth.某人/物可能做某事。 ①She’s very likely to ring me tonight. ＝It’s very likely that she will ring me tonight. 她今晚很可能给我打电话。 ②It is likely that the weather will be fine. ＝The weather is_likely_to_be_fine. 天气可能会很晴朗。 跟踪训练 1．(2016·滨州模拟)He hasn’t got another job yet and it’s not________ that he will for some time. A．likely

　　B．easily C．probably

　　D．nearly 解析：选A。考查固定句型。likely意为“很可能”，It’s likely that...意为“很有可能……”；easily意为“容易地，无疑地”；probably是副词，意为“大概，或许”；nearly意为“差不多，几乎”。句意为：他依然还没找到工作，他短期内得到一份工作是不可能的。故A项正确。 2．It is most ________that the environmentalists will come to the area to investigate the possible damage caused by the serious pollution. A．likely

　　B．perhaps C．possibly

　　D．probably 解析：选A。句意为：环境保护者很有可能会到这个地区调查严重污染所造成的潜在的破坏。句型It is likely that... 中的 likely为形容词，而不是副词，B、C、D三项均为副词形式，与句式不符。 3．(2016·石家庄检测)Is this the reason________she explained in the report for her success in the job? A．what

　　B．that C．how

　　D．why 解析：选B。考查定语从句。因此处关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故此处只能用that，which或省略。 归纳拓展 ①(2011·高考安徽卷阅读D)For many years，the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. 多年来，大部分爱尔兰人以农业为生。 ②(牛津P1220)In the nursing profession,women are in_a_/the_majority.女性在护理行业中占大多数。 【温馨提示】　(1)单独用作主语，谓语动词用单数、复数均可。 ③(牛津P1220)The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking.大多数人支持禁烟。 (2)单独用作主语，如果后面的表语是复数，那么谓语动词也用复数。 ④The_majority who attended the meeting yesterday are students.昨天参加会议的大多数是学生。 3occur vi.　发生；出现 (教材P5)Yes.It didn’t occur to me that... 是的，我没想到…… sth.occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事 It occurs to sb. that-clause 某人突然想起　 归纳拓展 ①I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred. 我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。 ②(辽宁高考)When Babbage was working at Cambridge，a new idea occurred to him. 在剑桥工作时，巴比奇想到了一个新主意。 ③It_occurred_to_her_that she should adopt the homeless child.她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。 【温馨提示】　表达“某人突然想起”的方式还有： 主语 句型 想到的事情或it作形式主语　 sth.strikes to sb.

　　It strikes sb.that-clause

　　It hits sb.that-clause 人 sb.comes up with an idea/a thought sb.hits on an idea/a thought sb.strikes on an idea/a thought ④It never hit/struck/occurred to him that he would make such a great success in teaching career. 他从来没有想到他会在教学事业上获得如此巨大的成功。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．In order to solve the problem，________________________________(已尝试了各种办法)． every possible means has been tried 2．Don’t worry about the present situation in the world；_______________________________________________(大多数人喜欢和平而不是战争)． the majority of people prefer peace to war 3．Among the members of the committee those who are in favour of the plan are ________________________(占大多数)． 4．As is known to us，the telephone is ________________________________(一种有用的通讯工具)． in a/the majority a useful means of communication Ⅱ.单项填空 1．________suddenly occurred to him that his parents should have arrived in Beijing by this time. A．What

　　B．It C．That

　　D．As 解析：选B。考查句型。句意为：他突然想起来，他的父母现在应该到北京了。此句中的it作形式主语，后面的从句为真正的主语。注意句型It occurred to sb. that...某人(突然)想起/想到……。 2．—Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming London Olympic Games? —________.Ours is much stronger than theirs. A．Of course

　　B．It depends C．Don’t mention it

　　D．By no means

　　解析：选D。句意为：——你认为他们的乒乓球队在即将到来的伦敦奥运会上会获得冠军吗？——绝对不会，我们的球队比他们的球队要强大得多。Of course当然可以；It depends视情况而定；Don’t mention it 不用谢；By no means绝对不会，绝不。根据句意可知答案为D项。 3．The number of students in our class________more than 70 and the majority of them________from the countryside. A．is；is

　　B．is；are C．are；is

　　D．are；are 解析：选B。the number of...……的数量，作主语时谓语动词用单数；the majority of...……的大部分，后跟可数名词复数形式时，谓语动词用复数，故B项正确。 短语精释 1make a life　习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 (教材P2)Some died or returned home，but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.　有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在了加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。 归纳拓展 come to life变得更有趣；变得活跃 live/lead a．..life过着……生活 come back to life苏醒过来，恢复生机 bring...back to life使……苏醒过来 make/start a new life开始新生活 ①Some people from the country find it hard to make a life in big cities. 一些来自农村的人发现很难习惯大城市的生活。 ②(朗文P1188)They moved out West to make a new life there.他们迁往西部去开始新生活。 ③(牛津P1166)The match finally came_to_life in the second half.比赛在下半场终于精彩起来。 2a great/good many　很多，许多(修饰可数名词) (教材P8)Saw some interesting temples here，a number of markets and a great many restaurants. 参观了这儿一些有趣的寺庙，不少的集贸市场和许多餐馆。 ①A great many students are into music and sports. 很多学生都喜欢音乐和体育活动。 ②It seems that a_great/good_many_of them are out of work now. 似乎他们中的许多人现在都失业了。 【温馨提示】　a good/great many后接复数名词，但a good/great many后接of时，必须加限定词，如these/those/the/one’s等，然后再加名词复数。 ③A good many of the/those students in our class have passed the exam.我们班中有很多学生通过了考试。 3take in 　包括；吸收；理解；欺骗 (教材P8)It’s a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.　这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。 Unit 1　A land of diversity ——多元化的社会 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词

　　1．The teacher asked us to read the text carefully so as to ____________(掌握)its main idea. 2．Such kind of things never____________(发生)in a socialist country. grasp occur 3．Twenty heads of____________(牛)were eating grass on the grassland when a wolf ran by. 4．The____________(大多数)of the young people who are from Italy are learning Chinese in our school. cattle majority 5．Increasing numbers of people____________(选择)to work at home nowadays. 6．She had looked everywhere for her children，but they were____________(无处)to be found，which made her very worried. elect nowhere 7．A red sky at

　　night____________ (表明，暗示)fine weather the following day.

　　8．He____________(溜)into the room when no one was noticing him. indicated slipped 9．____________，she took no notice of the____________mistakes in the accident.(apparent) 10．All the ____________can____________in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their ____________before May 5th.(apply) Apparently apparent applicants apply applications 高频短语

　　1．________________继续存在；继续生存 2．________________

　　用……办法；借助…… 3．________________

　　习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 4．________________

　　坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等) live on by means of... make a life keep up 5．________________

　　背靠背 6．________________

　　与……合作或一起工作 7．________________

　　画线；标出……界线 8．_________

　　包括；吸收 back to back team up with mark out take in 9．________________

　　许多；很多 10．________________

　　申请；请示得到 a great/good many apply for 典型句式

　　1．现在分词的完成式(having done)作状语 It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA，__________________(吸引了)people from all over the world. having attracted 2．that引导的表语从句(It is likely that...) However，__________________(很可能)Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. it is likely that 3．why引导的表语从句(That’s why...) __________________(那就是……的原因)today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. That is why 4．that引导的主语从句(It’s believed that...) ________________(人们相信)before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. It is believed that 主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句 1．(2016·滨州模拟)The wolf’s team spirit for survival is________ is needed in today’s competitive culture. A．that　

　　B．how C．which

　　D．what 单元语法 解析：选D。考查名词性从句。分析句子成分可知，系动词is缺表语，句子“________is needed in today’s competitive culture”缺主语，what相当于the spirit that，既作表语同时也作主语，故选D项。 2．He told me he had been in prison and________he wanted to forget the past and turn over a new leaf. A．that

　　B．why C．whether

　　D．how 解析：选A。这是一个主从复合句，主句是he told me，后面跟了两个并列的宾语从句。因第二个从句中不缺少任何成分，所以用that引导宾语从句。注意：如果谓语动词后跟两个that引导的宾语从句时，第二个宾语从句前的that一般不可省略。 3．(2016·福州质量检测)________Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States led to the closer relationship between the two countries. A．Which

　　B．What C．That

　　D．As 解析：选C。考查主语从句。句意为：温家宝总理访问美国让两国之间的关系更加密切。“That Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States”是主语从句，that在从句中只起连词作用，不作句子成分，本身没有词义，但是不可省略。 4．(2011·南通一模)________there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn’t been proved until now. A．How

　　B．When C．Where

　　D．Whether 解析：选D。考查名词性从句。句意为：外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物还不能确定。whether引导主语从句。 5．(2011·南通二模)—He is eager to try something he has never tried before. —Oh，I see.That’s________he’s different from others. A．when

　　B．where C．how

　　D．what 解析：选B。考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句作表语，在从句中作地点状语，用where，故选B。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1means　n．手段；方法 (教材P2)Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。 归纳拓展 ①(2011·高考重庆卷阅读C)Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.清洁的饮用水供应和洗手是一种实用的预防疾病的方法。 ②(朗文P1277)Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important means of transportation. 自行车是数百万中国人赖以出行的重要交通工具。 ③(朗文P1277)By_all_means，drink plenty of water while exercising.当然,锻炼的时候多喝水。 ④By no means am I satisfied with my present job. 我对目前的工作一点也不满意。 2majority　n．大多数；大半 (教材P2)Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority were religious men，whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原居住人民传授天主教。 (3)The majority of＋

　　⑤The majority of the damage is easy to repair.

　　这次的损失大部分容易补救。

　　(2)apply oneself to(doing)sth.专注于；专心做某事