2016高考英语一轮课件优化复习（山东专用）人教版必修一《Unit5 Nelson Mandela－a modern hero 》纳尔逊•曼德拉》一位当代英雄

　　1(教材P34)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.　近三十年来，通过大量的法律来阻止我们的权利和进步，致使今天我们到了几乎没有任何权利的地步。 句型精析 【点津】　see，find，witness等词可用物作主语，以拟人手法增添语言色彩，see可译为“(在某段时期)发生(某情况)，经历，经受”。 ①The year 1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of China.1949年见证了中华人民共和国的诞生。 ②The crash was witnessed by millions of viewers who were watching the race on TV. 上百万观看电视比赛的观众目击了这次撞车事故。 ③They came to the corner which had seen many accidents. 他们来到了那个发生过许多次事故的拐角处。 2(教材P38)I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group.

　　我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉得很不好受。 【点津】　句中的the first time用作连词用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。 归纳拓展 (1)名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有： the moment/the minute/the instant＝as soon as 一……就…… (2)every time 每次 each time 每次…… next time 下次……时 any time 任何时候 last time 上次……时 by the time 到……为止 ①The first time I interviewed him，he looked a bit nervous. 我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。 ②He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。 ③Each_time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。 【温馨提示】 for the first time 在句中只能用作状语,不具有连词功能，不可用来引导状语从句。 跟踪训练 1．Like many cities in our country，Shenzhen has ________ great changes in the past twenty years. A．seen　

　　B．watched C．observed

　　D．noticed 解析：选A。see 可以用地点或时间作主语，表示“(在某地或某时)经历、发生、经受、目睹了某事”，符合语境。 2．________ I toured Zhangjiajie，I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery. A．For the first time

　　B．At first C．It was the first time

　　D．The first time 解析：选D。the first time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……的时候”。for the first time作时间状语，不引导从句。 3．________ you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. A．At times

　　B．Some time C．Every time

　　D．The time 解析：选C。句意为：每当你和别人谈话或写东西时，你都在向别人展示你的技能。every time/each time引导时间状语从句，意为“每当……”，其他三项都不能引导时间状语从句。 本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放 4．The low-income people ____________________(投票反对) increasing the personal income tax，thinking that it would make them poorer. voted against 5．Now that we can’t agree with each other，we’ll have to ____________________(投票表决)． vote on it 6．She always believed that the company would __________________________(因为她的努力而奖赏她)． reward her for her efforts Ⅱ.单项填空 1．I think our education should give all children ________ opportunities to develop their special gift. A．Reasonable B．equal C．flexible

　　D．convenient 解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。equal 平等的。句意为：我认为我们的教育应该给所有的孩子平等的机会来发展他们的特殊天赋。reasonable 合情理的，讲道理的，公道的；flexible 灵活的，可弯曲的，柔顺的；convenient 便利的，方便的，就近的。 2. ________to his research work，the professor cared little about any other things. A．Devoting

　　B．Devoted C．Having devoted

　　D．To devote 解析：选B。devote是及物动词，一般用法是sb.is devoted to (doing) sth.或devote oneself to (doing) sth.。本句中the professor和devote之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式devoted作原因状语。句意为：教授致力于研究工作，对其他任何事情都关心甚少。 3．Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to______some schools for poor children. A．set up

　　B．setting up C．have set up

　　D．having set up 解析：选B。此题中的had to与set up并不构成搭配，因为he had 为定语从句，修饰先行词all，set up应与devote all...to构成搭配(devote...to...中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)，即devote all to setting up。 4．—I’m

　　going to vote ________ Jackson in the next election.How about you? —Me，too.He’s the best man for the position. A．for

　　B．on C．against

　　D．in 解析：选A。根据He’s the best man for the position可知，Jackson是这一职位的最佳人选，所以投票支持，故选A项。 5．(2016·天津河东模拟)The young girl was offered a free trip to the World Expo 2010 as a ________ for her great achievement. A．reward

　　B．result C．chance

　　D．pay 解析：选A。as a reward for 意为“作为……的奖赏”，符合句意。result “结果”；chance “机会”；pay “工资”。 短语精释 1turn to　求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向 (教材P35)Why did Nelson Mandela turn_to violence to make black and white people equal? 为什么曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？ 归纳拓展 turn down 拒绝；调小 turn in 上交 turn off/on 关掉/打开 turn out 驱逐；把……赶走；证明是,结果是 turn up 露面，出现；开大 turn over 翻身，翻过(一页书) ①(2010·高考上海卷)Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.有困难请向警察求助。 ②(牛津P2175)We arranged to meet at 7∶30，but she never turned_up.我们约好了7∶30见面，但她根本没露面。 ③So far , it has not been tested scientifically whether the Maya’s prediction about 2016 will turn out to be true. 迄今为止，还没有科学证明“玛雅人关于2016年预言”的真实性。 2set up　设立；建立 (教材P39)1952 set_up law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg，later this year，law office closed by government because he attacked anti-black laws　 1952年设立律师事务所，为约翰内斯堡的穷苦黑人提供帮助，后来在这一年，律师事务所被政府关闭，因为他攻击反黑人法 归纳拓展 set about开始做 set aside把……放在一边；省出，留出 set down写下，记下 set off出发，动身；使爆炸；引起，激发 set out出发，动身；摆放；陈列；开始，着手 ①A new school was_set_up for the peasant workers’ children.一所为农民工孩子开办的新学校建立了起来。 ②For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll set up my own business someday.这些年来我一直为别人工作，我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。 ③(牛津P1823)She tries to set aside some money every month.她每个月都尽量存点钱。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.选词填空 set up；in trouble；lose heart；be sentenced to；as a matter of fact；turn to 1．Having got involved in a theft，he ________________ five years in prison. was sentenced to 2．—I suppose you’re leaving soon. —No._________________，I’ll be staying for another two years. 3．Thank you for being the friend I could always ________________. As a matter of

　　fact turn to 4．Six months later，he declared himself president and ________________ a new government. 5．We knew

　　we are

　　________________when the lift stopped. set up in trouble 6．If you can，lead the race；but ________________ till the last minute,even if you’re behind. don’t lose heart Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Ralph，are you still living on your parents’ pension? —No.I try to stand on my own two feet rather than ________ my parents. A．turn to　

　　B．go to C．come to

　　D．refer to 解析：选A。根据上句“你依然靠你父母的退休金过活吗”和下句的“我试图靠自己”可知，我不再求助于父母。故选turn to。 2．His winning of all the competitions in Asia has ________ his hopes to become the champion of the world. A．set up

　　B．put up C．built up

　　D．made up 解析：选C。set up 开办，设立，创办；put up 建造，建设；make up 编写,编造；build up sb.’s hopes 使某人抱有希望。 3．(2016·郑州调研)A notice was ________ in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. A．sent up

　　B．given up C．set up

　　D．put up 解析：选D。send up 发射；give up 放弃；set up 建立；put up 张贴。put up a notice 张贴通知。 3．(2016·杭州质检)Peter had a lot to say about his newly-developed software，none of ________ interested me much. A．that

　　B．those C．them

　　D．which 解析：选D。考查非限制性定语从句。逗号前后为两个分句，故只能选用关系代词，可排除B、C两项。that不可引导非限制性定语从句。故选D。 4．(2016·济南模拟)She’s in a hopeless situation，________ we will keep a very close eye

　　on. A．where

　　B．when C．which

　　D．that 解析：选C。考查定语从句。该定语从句的先行词是a hopeless situation。此处关系词在从句中作on的宾语，同时这里又是非限制性定语从句，所以应该用关系代词which，选C项。 5．(2016·南京模拟)I admire my English teacher，I can remember very few occasions ________ she stopped working because of ill health. A．that

　　B．when C．where

　　D．which 解析：选B。考查定语从句。根据句意“我钦佩我的英语老师。我记得她很少因生病而停止工作。”可知，定语从句引导词在从句中作状语，故用when。 考点串讲讲练互动 单词精研 1devote　vt. (与to连用)献身；专心于 (教材P33)A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. 伟人就是将他/她的一生致力于帮助别人的人。 归纳拓展 ①Many scientists will devote their whole life to China’s aerospace development. 很多科学家都一生致力于发展中国航空航天事业。 ②Her son，to whom she is so devoted,went abroad last year，leaving her alone in the small village.她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。 ③(牛津P548)His devotion to his wife and family is touching.他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。 ④He is a devoted friend of mine，a man I can always depend on.他是我的挚友，一个我一直可以依靠的人。 2vote　vt.& vi. 投票；选举　n. 投票；选票；表决 (教材P34)Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.　当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P2252)We will listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it. 我们将先听听双方的论点，然后再表决。 ②There was once a time when women had no_right_to_vote.曾经有一段时间妇女没有选举权。 3equal　v. 等于；抵得上　adj.

　　相等的；胜任的；平等的 n. 同等的人；相等物 (教材P34)But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.　 但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这可以帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。 归纳拓展 助记

　　①(朗文P680)I’m not sure he is_equal_to the job. 我不确定他是否能胜任这份工作。 ②Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.没有什么乐趣比得上在你阅读故事时一个出人意料的结尾所带来的乐趣。 ③It is reasonable to demand equal pay for equal work. 要求同工同酬是合理的。 4reward　n．& v. 报答；报酬；奖赏 (教材P38)They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P1712)You deserve a reward for being so helpful. 你帮了这么大的忙，理应受到奖励。 ②She got nothing in_reward for her kindness，which surprised us all. 她的好心没有得到一点回报，这使我们非常吃惊。 ③I have been considering how I can reward_your_kindness. 我一直在考虑我怎么报答你的恩情呢！ ④(牛津P1712)She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile. 她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。 ⑤She was_awarded the best actress of 2011 for her perfect performance in the film.她因在这部电影中的完美表演而被授予2011年度最佳女演员。 5escape　v．& n. 逃脱；逃生；泄露 (教材P38)It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是个无人逃走过的监狱。 归纳拓展 ①(牛津P676)She managed to escape from the burning car. 她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。 ②He was lucky enough

　　to escape_punishment/being_punished.他逃脱惩罚真是幸运。 ③(牛津P676)It might have escaped your notice，but I’m very busy at the moment. 也许你没注意到，可我此刻忙得不可开交。 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．We are sure that no one but him ______________________(胜任)

　　taking up the offered job. is equal to 2．_____________________________ (因为专心于他的研究工作)，he gave up the chance to travel to Thailand. 3．The prisoners attempted to ________________________(从监狱里逃跑)，but in vain. Devoted to his research work escape from the prison Unit 5　Nelson Mandela－a modern hero

　　——纳尔逊·曼德拉——一位当代英雄 基础盘点自测自评 核心单词 1. I take this seriously.It’s a matter of ____________(原则) . 2．The best we can hope for is a state of

　　____________(和平的) coexistence between East and West. principle peaceful 3．The audience are enjoying watching some girls dancing on the

　　____________(舞台)． 4. It is unfair that he gets very little in ____________(酬劳) for his hard work. stage reward 5．Whether you

　　____________(投票) for or against the plan doesn’t seem to matter very much. 6．It is well-known that all men are

　　____________(平等的) in the eyes of the law. vote equal 7．Bill Gates is a ____________(大方的)person，who has given away millions of dollars to help many poor children. 8．He was involved in a bank robbery and was ____________(判刑)to three years in prison. generous sentenced 9．We need to____________people so that they can understand the importance of a good，healthy diet.As is known to us，a good____________will help us succeed.(educate) educate education 10．用guide的适当形式填空 (1)Your teacher can give you____________on choosing a career and writing a job application. (2)We hired a local____________to get us across the mountains. guidance guide (3)The experienced professor often____________students in their studies. (4)Under our teacher’s ____________,we finished the work smoothly. guides guidance 1．________________失业 2．________________

　　事实上 3．________________

　　使充气；爆炸 4．________________

　　在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 5．________________

　　求助于；致力于 out of work　 as a matter of fact blow up in trouble turn to 高频短语 6．________________

　　丧失勇气或信心 7．________________

　　当权；上台 8．________________

　　设立；建立 9．________________

　　被判处……(徒刑) 10．________________

　　愿意做某事 lose heart come to power set up be sentenced to be willing to do sth 1．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer ______________________________(我向他征求建议)． 典型句式 to whom I went for advice 2．关系副词when引导的定语从句 ...________________________(这是……的一段时期) one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. ...this was a time when 3．only引导的倒装句 ...______________________________(直到那时我们才决定) to answer violence with violence. only then did we decide 4．the first time引导时间状语从句 I felt bad __________________(第一次) I talked to a group. the first time 5．where引导定语从句 ___________________________(过去三十年见证了) the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we

　　have ________________________(达到……的阶段)

　　we have almost no rights at all. The last thirty years have seen reached a stage where 定语从句(Ⅱ)

　　1．(2016·西安高三质检)The Gate of Fortune，from ________ top tourists can enjoy a wonderful sea view，will attract lots of people. A．which

　　B．whose C．where

　　D．it 单元语法 解析：选B。考查定语从句。题干句子空白处用whose代替先行词the Gate of Fortune在定语从句中修饰top。 2．(2016·长沙模拟)You’d better have some cash on you for an emergency ________ your credit card won’t do. A．which

　　B．where C．however

　　D．unless 解析：选B。考查定语从句。句意为：你身上应该带些现金，防止信用卡不能使用的紧急情况。先行词是表示抽象的地点，所以应该用表示地点的关系副词。