新疆新源县第八中学2016届高三英语专题复习：语法系列训练情态动词

　　英语专题总复习语法系列训练情态动词

　　情态动词复习要领

　　1.哪些动词是情态动词

　　2.情态动词有哪些特点

　　3.从哪些方面去掌握其用法

　　1. can—could

　　may—might

　　must

　　will—would

　　shall—should

　　need

　　dare—dared

　　2. have to

　　ought to

　　used to

　　had better

　　would rather

　　二、情态动词有哪些特点

　　1.不能单独作谓语动词；

　　2.必须和实意动词连用；

　　3.没有人称和数的变化；

　　4.有现在式和过去式之分；5.有单独使用和连用形式；6.可以和动词进行式或完成式连用。

　　三、有现在式和过去式之分

　　注意：could, might, would 表示“请求”时，并非表过去时态，而是表示委婉语气。如：

　　Could you come again tomorrow?

　　Might I have a look at your new computer?

　　Would you like some more coffee?

　　He must have done the work.

　　He must be doing the work.

　　Tom ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant not to harm.

　　The plant is dead. I should have given it more water.

　　四、从哪些方面去掌握其用法

　　1.每个情态动词所表示的意义；注意对比； 2.情态动词引起的回答；

　　3.含有情态动词的反意问句；4.用作实意动词的情态动词；

　　5.情态动词的否定式的准确意义；6.情态动词表“猜测”的用法；

　　7.“情态动词+动词完成式”所表示的意义；8.情态动词的虚拟运用。

　　can / be able to

　　must / have to

　　should / ought to

　　would /used to

　　need /dare

　　mustn’t/don’t have to=needn’t

　　1.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone_____ get out.

　　A. had to

　　B. would

　　C. could

　　D. was able to

　　2. Sorry I’m late. I____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

　　A. might

　　B. should

　　C. can

　　D. will

　　3.Put on more clothes. You___ be feeling cold with only a shirt on.

　　A. can

　　B. might

　　C. would

　　D. must

　　DAD

　　六、情态动词引起的回答

　　1.—Write to me when you get home.

　　--________.

　　A. I must

　　B. I should

　　C. I will

　　D. I can

　　2.—Will you stay for lunch?

　　--Sorry, ____. My brother is coming to see me.

　　A. I mustn’t

　　B. I can’t

　　C. I needn’t

　　D. I won’t

　　3. ---Shall I tell John about it?

　　--- No, you_____. I’ve told him already.

　　A. needn’t

　　B. wouldn’t

　　C. mustn’t

　　D. shouldn’t

　　4. ---Could I borrow your dictionary?

　　---Yes, of course you_______.

　　A. might

　　B. will

　　C. can

　　D. should

　　5. ---Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.

　　---__________.

　　B. I don’t

　　B. I won’t

　　C. I can’t

　　D. I haven’t

　　CBACB

　　七、情态动词否定式准确意义

　　1.A computer ___ think for itself; it must be told what to do.

　　A. can’t

　　B. couldn’t

　　C. may not

　　D. might not

　　2. Johnny, you ____ play with the knife. You ___ hurt yourself.

　　A. won’t; can’t

　　B. mustn’t; may

　　C. shouldn’t; must

　　D. can’t; shouldn’t

　　3.You_____ return the book. You can keep it till next week if you like.

　　A. can’t

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. needn’t

　　D. may not

　　4. Mary _____ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.

　　A. mustn’t

　　B. shouldn’t

　　C. can’t

　　D. may not

　　5. Sir, you_____ be sitting in the waiting room. It is for women and children only.

　　A. oughtn’t to

　　B. can’t

　　C. won’t

　　D. needn’t

　　ABCCA

　　八、情态动词表“猜测”的用法

　　(1) 对现在或将来情况推测：must +动词原形。must只能用于肯定。否定和疑问分别用can’t和can。

　　He must tell a lie.

　　Can he tell a lie ?

　　He can’t tell a lie.

　　*Must-should/ought to –may-might/could+do

　　可能性依次减弱

　　(2) 对过去情况推测：must (may, might)+完成时。

　　You must have met him before.

　　must—may—might可能性依次减弱

　　must只能用于肯定句，译成“一定”。否定和疑问分别用can’t / couldn’t和can / could。

　　Could /Can it have happened last night?

　　It couldn’t/can’t have happened last night.

　　(3)

　　He must be reading, isn’t he?

　　You must do it yourself, don’t you?

　　He must have gone over the article, hasn’t he?

　　It must have rained last night, didn’t it?

　　1. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack_____ be here at any moment.

　　A. must

　　B. need

　　C. should

　　D. can

　　2.-- When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.

　　--They______ be ready by 12:00.

　　A. can

　　B. should

　　C. might

　　D. need

　　CB

　　九、“情态动词+动词完成式”所表示的意义

　　1）对过去情况推测。

　　must/may/might have done

　　can’t/couldn’t/may not/might not have

　　done

　　can/could have done…?

　　2）译成“本…”could/should/need have done.

　　You should have come here five minutes earlier.

　　3）虚拟语气（与过去事实相反的主句）

　　If you had followed my advice, you wouldn’t have been defeated。

　　1. I was really anxious about you. You____ home without a word.

　　A. mustn’t leave

　　B. shouldn’t have left

　　C. couldn’t have left

　　D. needn’t leave

　　2. –I stayed at a hotel in New York.

　　--Oh, did you? You ___ with Barbara.

　　could have stayed

　　B. could stay

　　C. would stay

　　D. must have stayed

　　3. ---There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.

　　---It ____ a comfortable journey.

　　can’t be

　　B. shouldn’t be

　　C. mustn’t have been

　　D. couldn’t have been

　　4. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I_____ for her.

　　had to write it out

　　B. must have written it out

　　C. should have written it out

　　D. ought to write it out

　　5. There was plenty of time. She _____.

　　A. mustn’t have hurried

　　B. couldn’t have hurried

　　C. must not hurry

　　D. needn’t have hurried

　　6.Where is my pen? I ___it.

　　A. might lose

　　B. would have lost

　　C. should have lost

　　D. must have lost

　　BADCDD

　　十、情态动词的虚拟运用

　　1. –If he____, he____ that food.

　　--Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

　　A. was warned; would not take

　　B. had been warned; would not have taken

　　C. would be warned; had not taken

　　D. would have been warned; had not taken

　　2. Without electricity human life____ quite different today.

　　A. is

　　B. will be

　　C. would have been

　　D. would be

　　3. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting.

　　If she_____, she would have met my brother.

　　A. has come

　　B. did come

　　C. come

　　D. had come

　　4. You didn’t let me drive. If we____ in turn, you_____ so tired.

　　A. drove; didn’t get

　　B. drove; wouldn’t get

　　C. were driving; wouldn’t get

　　D. had driven; wouldn’t have got

　　BDDD

　　十一、情态动词注意事项

　　1. Could I borrow your book?

　　Yes. Of course you can.

　　2. Would you like to do it for me ?

　　Yes. I would.

　　Shall的用法

　　1）用于第一人称表将来。I shall go to work after I have finished school.

　　2）用于一、三人称疑问句、表征求对方意见或向对方请求。

　　Shall he come in? — Come in, please.

　　3）用于二、三人称，表示保证、承诺、威胁、警告。

　　You shall be punished if you insist on doing it this way.

　　Should的用法

　　1）预测、可能。They should be here by now.

　　2）说话人的感情。如惊奇、愤怒、失望等、“竟然”

　　You can’t imagine that well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.