2016高考英语外研版必修3《Module 3 The violence of nature》SectionⅢ速效提能演练

　　Ⅰ.词汇知识

　　1．____________vt.毁坏→(同义词)____________

　　2．____________n．可能；可能性→____________adj.可能的→____________adv.可能地

　　3．____________adj.吓人的；可怕的→____________adj.害怕的；恐惧的→____________v．使……害怕→____________n．恐怖

　　4．____________adv.幸运地；幸亏→____________adj. 幸运的→____________n．运气

　　5．____________n．警告→____________v．警告

　　6．____________adj.积极的；活跃的→____________v．行动；扮演→____________n．行动；活动

　　7．____________n．& v．损失；损害

　　答案：1.ruin；destroy/damage　2.possibility；possible；possibly　3.terrifying；terrified；terrify；terror　4.luckily/fortunately；lucky/fortunate；luck/fortune　5.warning；warn　6.active；act；activity　7.damage

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1．________place　发生

　　2．warn sb.________sth

　　警告某人某事

　　3．________fire

　　着火；起火

　　4．put________

　　熄灭；扑灭

　　5．________all

　　总共

　　6．after________

　　毕竟

　　7．set fire________

　　放火(焚烧)

　　8．allording________

　　根据

　　9．turn________

　　翻转；(反复)思考

　　答案：1.take 　2. of　3.catch 　4.out 　5.in　6. all　7. to　8. to　9. over

　　Ⅲ.必背句型

　　1．When the lava reached the sea, there was the ________ of a huge tidal wave ________ could flood half the island.

　　当熔岩到达大海的时候，滔天的巨浪有可能会淹没一半的小岛。

　　2．Ash and lava poured down the mountain，______________ hundueds of houses.

　　火山灰和岩浆从山上倾泻下来，烧了几百座房子。

　　3．She ________ home and found all her furniture ______________ by the flood.

　　她回到家发现她所有的家具都被洪水毁了。

　　4．The fires burned for three days，________________ of 25,000 buildings.

　　大火烧了三天，毁坏了总共25000座建筑。

　　5．About 500 people were killed in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 ______________.

　　在旧金山大约有500人死亡，250000人无家可归。

　　答案：1.possibility；which　2.setting fire to　3.returned；had been ruined　4.destroying a total　5.were made homeless

　　Ⅰ.品句填词

　　1．There is no____________(可能)that he will come tonight.

　　答案：possibility

　　2．I visited Italy on a____________(先前的)holiday.

　　答案：previous

　　3．____________(幸亏，感激地)，it has stopped raining at last.

　　答案：Thankfully

　　4．____________(幸运地)，he passed the driving test at last.

　　答案：Fortunately

　　5．The earthquake did great ____________(破坏)to the bridge.

　　答案：damage

　　6．The whole blocks of the city were in ____________(毁坏)after war.

　　答案：ruins

　　Ⅱ.选词填空

　　1．There were twelve of us ________________ for dinner.

　　答案：in all

　　2．The firefighters are still trying to ________________ the fires.

　　答案：put out

　　3．The concert ________________ next Thursday.

　　答案：takes place

　　4．They were ________________ not to climb the mountain in such bad weather.

　　答案：warned

　　5．One of the plane’s engines had ________________.

　　答案：caught fire

　　6．Lightning ________________ several buildings.

　　答案：set fire to

　　Ⅲ.用所给词的适当形式或根据提示完成句子

　　1．You must make sure the fire has been ________________(熄灭)before you leave.

　　答案：put out

　　2．Typhoon Morakot has ________________(造成巨大损害)to the local economies in Wenzhou.

　　答案：caused great damage

　　3．He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ________________(interest)in his lectures.

　　答案：interested

　　4．________________(没有可能)Bob will pass the driving test.

　　答案：There is no possibility that

　　5．“I wish you’d look at me when I’m trying to speak to you！”the teacher said ________________(angry)．

　　答案：angrily

　　6．The car runs at sixty kilometres an hour ________________(平均)．

　　答案：on average

　　7．Children need a lot to grow up，but ________________(最重要的)they need love and care.

　　答案：above all

　　8．我们计划在七月中旬到达北极，到那时为止我们已走了六周了。

　　We plan to reach the North Pole in mid-July，and by then we ________________for six weeks.

　　答案：will have walked

　　9．Prices of daily goods ________________(buy)through a computer can be lower than store prices.

　　答案：bought

　　10．—Have you been wasting time on computer games again?

　　—________________(绝对不会)．I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break.

　　答案：Not likely

　　Ⅳ.完形填空

　　The subject of what separates art and design has been debated for a long time.Artists and designers both create visual works using a/an __1__ knowledge background, but their reasons for doing so are __2__ different.Some designers consider themselves artists, but few artists consider themselves

　　__3__.

　　So what exactly is the difference between art and design? Perhaps the most fundamental difference that we can all agree on is their __4__. Typically, the process of creating a work of art starts with nothing, a blank sheet of paper.A

　　__5__ of art is born from a view or value that the artist holds within himself or herself.They create the art to share that feeling with others, to __6__ the viewers to relate to it, learn from it or be

　　__7__

　　by it.The most renowned and successful art today is something that establishes the strongest __8__ connection between the artist and their

　　__9__.

　　By contrast, when a designer sets out to __10__ a new piece, they almost always have a

　　__11__ starting point, whether a message, an image, an idea or an action.The designer’s job isn’t to invent something

　　__12__，but to communicate something that already exists, for a purpose.

　　That purpose is almost always to motivate the audience to do something: buy a product, use a

　　__13__， visit a location, or learn certain information.The most

　　__14__ designs are those that most effectively __15__ their message and motivate their consumers to carry out a task.

　　【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了艺术家的设计作品和设计师设计作品的不同目的。

　　1．A.unique

　　B．separate

　　C．shared

　　D．accepted

　　解析：选C。shared knowledge background意思是“共享的(共有的)背景知识”，shared意思是“共享的(共有的)”，符合语境。即艺术家和设计师利用共有的一些背景知识去创造一些文学作品。

　　2．A.entirely

　　B．occasionally

　　C．hardly

　　D．unnecessarily

　　解析：选A。根据后面的转折连词but以及第一段最后一句话可知，他们虽然利用共有的一些背景知识去创作，但他们这样做的原因却完全(entirely)不同。occasionally意思是“偶尔地”；hardly意思是“几乎不”；unnecessarily意思是“不必要地”。

　　3．A.inventors

　　B．designers

　　C．writers

　　D．viewers

　　解析：选B。有些设计师认为自己是艺术家，但很少有艺术家认为自己是设计师。因此B项正确。

　　4．A.purpose

　　B．product

　　C．interest

　　D．cost

　　解析：选A。文章接下来的两段内容阐述的是艺术和设计的目的不同，因此A项(purpose)正确。

　　5．A.love

　　B．type

　　C．part

　　D．work

　　解析：选D。work在这里的意思是“作品”，即一项艺术作品。

　　6．A.stop

　　B．allow

　　C．require

　　D．move

　　解析：选B。A项表示“阻止”；B项表示“允许”；C项表示“要求”；D项表示“移动”。根据上下文可知，这句话的意思是：艺术家创作一件艺术作品的目的是要和别人分享自己的某种情感，允许(让)观众和作品产生联系(互动)，并从中学到东西或者受到鼓舞。因此本题选择B项。

　　7．A.understood

　　B．fooled

　　C．inspired

　　D．discouraged

　　解析：选C。inspire表示“鼓舞”，符合语境，即艺术家希望通过自己的作品让欣赏他们作品的人受到鼓舞。

　　8．A.political

　　B．social

　　C．physical

　　D．emotional

　　解析：选D。emotional意思是“情感上的”，与前面一句话中的feeling相对应，符合语境。当今最著名、最成功的艺术作品是那种能够在艺术家和欣赏他们作品的人之间建立一种最强烈的情感上的联系的作品。

　　9．A.supporters

　　B．audiences

　　C．buyers

　　D．enemies

　　解析：选B。audience在文中的意思是“读者”，即指欣赏艺术作品的人们，符合语境。

　　10．A.sell

　　B．imagine

　　C．create

　　D．draw

　　解析：选C。当一名设计师开始创作(create)一件作品时。

　　11．A.fixed

　　B．good

　　C．strange

　　D．positive

　　解析：选A。上文提到，艺术家在创作作品时，通常没有什么固定的起点(即第5小题前面说的starts with nothing)，而本段说设计师设计作品时与艺术家不同，他们有一个固定的(fixed)起点。故选A项。

　　12．A.surprising

　　B．special

　　C．ordinary

　　D．new

　　解析：选D。联系上下文可知设计师的工作不是创造出一种全新的东西，而是与已经存在的某些东西有关。因此D项正确。

　　13．A.phone

　　B．service

　　C．language

　　D．name

　　解析：选B。根据上下文内容可知，A、C、D三项与文章内容毫无关联，只有B项合理，即有时候设计师设计的目的是介绍某种服务。

　　14．A.important

　　B．creative

　　C．successful

　　D．unusual

　　解析：选C。important意思是“重要的”；creative意思是“有创造力的”；successful意思是“成功的”；unusual意思是“不同寻常的”。根据文章内容可知，显然只有C项符合题意，即最成功的设计。

　　15．A.learn

　　B．receive

　　C．confuse

　　D．communicate

　　解析：选D。根据上文第12题后面的communicate可知D项“传达”正确。

　　Ⅴ.阅读理解

　　With eerily (怪异地) clear and quiet skies across the entire length and breadth of the United Kingdom, the Icelandic volcanic eruption seems to create even more disruption and chaos.The major eruption from this massive volcano has halted almost 500,000 people a day who wanted to fly in and out of the UK due to all flights being suspended.

　　The last time an event took place on such a large scale was roughly around two hundred years ago, but as aircraft were not a factor then it had almost no effects at all, and the last time domestic flights were delayed for any length of time was in the Second World War.

　　A cloud of volcanic ash has risen 20,000 feet into the sky from a major eruption in Iceland which lies 700 miles north of the United Kingdom, so why would an event like this create so much fuss for Britons and parts of Europeans?

　　Volcanic ash contains tiny particles of glass and sulphur (硫)，which when sucked into an aircraft’s jet engine can cause the engine to stop.This is the time when you can imagine a pretty catastrophic event to happen.Back in 1982 an incident involving a jet aircraft and volcanic ash did exactly that.The ash caused all engines to fail and it was only thanks to the skill of the pilot that everyone on board managed to survive.

　　So the governing bodies of the airways have decided to cease all air

　　traffic that could be affected by the cloud of volcanic ash as it is carried by a southward wind down from the north of Scotland across the entire length and breadth of the UK across the English Channel and over Europe.

　　On land there have been statements that there is no danger to humans, but people with asthma and respiratory diseases should stay indoors.

　　The Iceland volcano that has erupted is apparently not the only one that is worrying scientists, and there is another volcano which is the Mount Etna.So if it erupted anytime soon with the wind blowing south, an ash cloud from that one would cause longterm devastation (破坏) and disruption for a very long time.Fingers crossed，then.

　　【解题导语】　这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了不久前冰岛火山爆发的火山灰导致了在英国飞机延误的事情，然后引出了历史上另一次火山灰导致飞机延误的事情。接下来文章解释了火山灰带来的一些问题。火山灰除了影响航班正常出行之外，对英国人没有太大的危害。

　　1．The underlined word “halted” in the first paragraph means________.

　　A．encouraged

　　B．stopped

　　C．frightened

　　D．delayed

　　解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，火山灰导致了飞机延误，这样就阻止了乘客乘机进出英国。故选项B符合语境。

　　2．What time was it when domestic flights were suspended the last time due to volcanic eruption?

　　A．About 200 years ago.

　　B．Back in 1982.

　　C．During World War Ⅱ.

　　D．In the 1950s.

　　解析：选C。事实细节题：根据第二段的最后一句话可知，上一次因为火山爆发而使航班延误的事情发生在第二次世界大战期间。由此可知本题的答案为C。

　　3．What does the writer try to do in the fourth paragraph?

　　A．To explain British people’s concern about the eruption.

　　B．To show that British people are very kind.

　　C．To tell us what is contained in volcanic ash.

　　D．To show the urgent demand for skilled pilots.

　　解析：选A。推理判断题。本文第三段末尾提出了一个问题，为何英国人和部分欧洲人对于本次火山爆发如此紧张？接下来，作者在第四段中就给出了相关的解释。因此，作者在第四段中就是要解释清楚这个原因。据此我们可以确定本题答案为A。

　　4．Which of the following people would be affected by volcanic ash?

　　A．People with blood problems.

　　B．People with heart trouble.

　　C．People with headaches.

　　D．People with breathing problems.

　　解析：选D。事实细节题。根据第六段的内容可知，患有哮喘及呼吸道疾病的人要待在家中，以防火山灰给他们带来危险。据此我们可以确定本题的答案为D。

　　5．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

　　A．We humans should be ready for more volcanos.

　　B．Another volcanic eruption is just going to take place soon.

　　C．The Volcano of Mount Etna would be very destructive.

　　D．Scientists can do nothing to stop volcanic eruptions.

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句话可知，如果Mount Etna火山爆发的话，其破坏性将是非常大的。故本题的答案为C。