2016年英语备考复习北师大版必修一《Unit 1 Lifestyles》一轮复习课件

　　2．单项填空

　　The weather was ________ cold that I didn't like to leave my room.

　　A．really

　　B．such

　　C．too

　　D．so

　　[解析] D　so…that…“如此……，以至于……”。

　　跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．They are always ____________ (抱怨) about life. 2．We Chinese ______ (更喜欢) tea to coffee. 3．Some young people like pop music，while others like ________ (古典的)music. 4．It was clever of you to _____ (解决) the problem in that way. 5．The new store is ________ (挤满) with customers. complaining prefer classical solve crowded Ⅱ.选词填空 用下面短语的适当形式填空。 go off； complain about； stand for； switch off； take up 1．Many friends often complain to me _____ their mothers. 2．The air­conditioner ________ too much space in the room. 3．Be sure to _________ the light when you leave the room. 4．Don't _____ without saying goodbye. 5．WHO _________ World Health Organisation. 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　about takes up switch off go off stands for Ⅲ.单项填空 1．“Getting to the top is hard enough but staying there is an even greater________，”the winner of the 400 m at the 10th World Championships told the reporters after the event.

　　A．interest

　　B．challenge

　　C．impression

　　D．chance

　　[解析] B　考查名词的用法。句子的意思为“获得冠军非常艰难，而要保持住冠军将是更大的挑战”。而interest“利益”，impression“印象”、chance“机会”；三个词与题意不符。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　2．After his retirement，John ________ fishing as one of his new hobbies.

　　A．took over

　　B．took in

　　C．took for

　　D．took up

　　[解析] D　考查动词词组辨析。take over “接管”； take in“吸收，接受”；take for“认为理所当然，为……承担”；take up “从事……”。句意：约翰退休后，开始把钓鱼作为他的新爱好之一。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　3．________from heart trouble for years，Mr Smith has to take some medicine with him whenever he goes.

　　A．Suffered

　　B．Suffering

　　C．Having suffered

　　D．Being suffered

　　[解析] C　考查非谓语动词。 题意：由于患心脏病多年，Smith先生无论什么时候都随身带着药物。 前面的分句表示的是原因，动作发生在携带药物之前，所以B和D都是错误的；而A项隐含有被动的含义，可排除。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　4．________that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.

　　A．So successful her business was

　　B．So successful was her business

　　C．So her business was successful

　　D．So was her successful business

　　[解析] B　考查倒装结构。题干运用了so…that…结构。当“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n./pron.”形式位于句首时，主句要使用部分倒装，故答案为B。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　5．As far as I know，my mother spends at least as much time revising an article as she ________ it.

　　A．writes

　　B．does writing

　　C．is writing

　　D．does write

　　[解析] B　“spend＋时间＋in doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事”，其中in可以省略。does为代动词，代替前面的spends，因此as she does writing＝as she spends (in) writing。句意为“据我所知，妈妈修改文章所花的时间至少和她写文章所花的时间一样多”。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　6．The Great Wall is ________ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.

　　A．so a well­known

　　B．a so well­known

　　C．such well­known

　　D．such a well­known

　　[解析] D　考查so…that…与such…that…的区别。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　7．It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it ________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

　　A．came across

　　B．came out

　　C．came about

　　D．come up

　　[解析] C　考查短语辨析。come about意为“发生”，符合题意。come across意为“遇见”；come out意为“出来”；come up意为“出现，到来”。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　8．—Why did Bob weep?

　　—He couldn't stand ________ like that before the whole class.

　　A．making fun of

　　B．being made fun of

　　C．to be laughed at

　　D．being made fun

　　[解析] B　stand 作“容忍”讲时，用v.­ing作宾语；make fun of 与he之间是被动关系。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　9．The national parks are very important for the protection of wild animals，which would ________ become endangered.

　　A．therefore

　　B．otherwise

　　C．however

　　D．thus

　　[解析] B　本题考查副词的用法。therefore“因此”；otherwise“不然，否则”；however“然而”；thus“于是”。句意为：国家公园对保护野生动物是非常重要的，要不然它们会濒临灭绝。所以答案为B。 第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　10．—Excuse me，could you tell me the way to the British Museum?

　　—Sorry，I'm a stranger here.

　　—________.

　　A．Thanks，anyway

　　B．It doesn't matter

　　C．Never mind

　　D．No problem

　　[解析] A　此题是一个情景交际题。了解说英语国家人的说话习惯是做此题的关键。anyway“无论如何”，相当于all the same。

　　第1讲 │ 跟踪训练

　　阅读写作(一)

　　应用文写作之建议信 阅读写作(一)[应用文写作之建议信]

　　阅读写作(一) │ 写作点拨 写作点拨 建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构，信的内容要包括写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly, secondly, thirdly或to begin/start with, then, later, last but not least等依次陈述建议，具体为： 第一段：表明写作意图。陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。 第二段：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体的建议或忠告。注意千万不要让别人以为你是在投诉，而不是提建议。 第三段：对提出的建议进行总结。要注意有礼貌，使读者容易接受。 阅读写作(一) │ 写作点拨 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板 词句模板 1．段首常用语：

　　(1) I am writing to express my views concerning…

　　(2) You have asked for my advice about…and I will try to

　　make some suggestions. 2．表达“建议”常用语：

　　(1)I think the most suitable…for you is…

　　(2)I would like to suggest that…

　　(3)You'd better…/It's better to…

　　(4)As far as I am concerned…/In my opinion…

　　(5)For one thing…， for another…

　　(6)If I were you, I would…

　　(7)It seems to me that you could… 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板 3．段尾常用语：

　　(1)I think it would be more beneficial if you could…

　　(2)I believe you will take my advice into

　　account/consideration.

　　(3)I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions

　　practical/useful/helpful.

　　(4)I will be more than happy to see improvements in this

　　regard.

　　(5)I will be ready for further discussing this matter in

　　details. 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板 4．建议信格式模板： Dear ___________， I am ___________.Your collection of suggestion on ___________ is ___________. As is known to all, ___________. My suggestions are as follows： First, ___________.(People can ___________.) Second，(to make economic profits，) ___________. Third, ___________.(As many of them ___________.) 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板 I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you in details. (Or: Your kind consideration of my suggestions will be highly appreciated.) Good luck with your ___________.(祝愿) Yours sincerely， Li Ming 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板

　　【活学活用】

　　阅读下面这封中学生来信。 Dear Editor，

　　I am a new student at Haining Hongda Senior High School. My home is far from Haining, so I must live at school. This is the first time for me to get away from my parents. I feel very sad. When I leave home, I can't help tearing myself away from them. I do not want to be alone at school, and I am a shy girl. I have been crying in bed at night these days. I want to stay at home forever. I miss my parents very much. Could you tell me what to do? 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板

　　Your early reply is expected. Best regards， Amy

　　请根据以上内容，写一封回信。回信应包括如下要点：

　　1．鼓励Amy坚定求学信心，志存高远。

　　2．就Amy目前的状况，提出两到三条建议。

　　注意：词数120左右(不包含已给出部分)。 Dear Amy，

　　Thank you for your letter. I am so glad to have a talk about your present situation with you. _____________________________________________________ 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板 【参考范文】

　　Dear Amy,

　　Thank you for your letter. I am so glad to have a talk about your present situation with you.

　　People often miss their parents the first time they leave home. Most people do have to leave home for further education or employment. You cannot live with your parents forever. I think you should realize that present separation will help with your academic development and your improvement of personal ability. 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板 You need to make friends on your school campus, sharing ideas with your classmates who are closest to you now. Maybe you will still miss your parents, but your new friends will bring

　　happiness and joy to your new life. Also I suggest you enjoy yourself by taking an active part in different kinds of activities in school. You will get much pleasure from it. Wish you happy every day. Faithfully yours， ××× 阅读写作(一) │ 词句模板 【活学活用】 英汉互译 (1) 我决定在假期前开始节食。

　　I decided to go on a diet before my holiday. (2) 适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要。

　　Proper diet and exercise are both important to health.

　　(3) You must diet yourself strictly according to the doctor's advice.

　　你必须根据医生的建议严格控制饮食。

　　9　stand　vt.&vi.忍受，忍耐；站立；屹立n.看台；摊位 【情景记忆】

　　(1) can‘t stand sth.

　　无法忍受某事

　　can't stand doing sth.

　　无法忍受做某事

　　can't stand sb. doing sth. 无法忍受某人做某事 (2) stand aside

　　站到一边，不介入

　　stand out

　　凸显，引人注意；出色

　　stand __

　　支持，帮助；做准备；袖手旁观

　　stand ___

　　代表，意味着

　　stand _______

　　反对

　　stand on one's own feet

　　依靠自己 by for against 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子 (1) The new road sign is easy to read because the words on it _________well.

　　这块新路标容易辨认，因为上面的字很显眼。 (2) I bought this dictionary from a book _____.

　　我从一个书摊上买了这本字典。 2．用适当的介、副词填空：

　　(1) VOA stands ___ Voice of America.

　　(2) In this case，you should offer help，not just stand __ .　

　　(3) To stand ___ in the crowd，he put on a red hat.　 stand out stand for by out 3．单项填空

　　want to leave now；I can't ________ nothing useful here.

　　A．stand to do

　　B．stand doing

　　C．stand being done

　　D．stand to be doing

　　[解析] B　句意：现在我要走了；我忍受不了在这里无所事事。stand当“忍受”讲时，后面的动词要用v.­ing形式作宾语。答案为B。

　　1　do some exercise　锻炼身体 【短语联想】 do some exercise＝do some sports＝take some exercise 【注意事项】 exercise作“锻炼，运动”解时，为不可数名词；作“练习”解时，为可数名词；作“体操”解时，为可数名词。 短语储存 【活学活用】 (1) Students have too many ________ (练习) to do after class every day. (2) It is good for us to __________________ (做早操)． (3) Doing crosswords gives the mind some _______ (锻炼)． exercises do morning exercises exercise 2　go off　(电灯)熄灭；(机器等)停止运转；离开；开火；爆炸；(食物、饮料等)变质，变坏

　　go after 追赶；追求

　　go __

　　走过；(时间)过去

　　go _______

　　浏览；经过，通过

　　go out

　　外出；熄灭

　　go ____

　　越过；复习；仔细检查

　　go

　　__

　　上来；(价格)上涨

　　go with

　　与……相配 by through over up 【活学活用】 (1) We were doing our homework when the light ________________ (熄灭)． (2) The gun suddenly ________ (开火)． went off/went out went off 3　get changed　换衣服

　　get ____________

　　烧伤，烫伤

　　get broken

　　破碎

　　get hurt

　　受伤

　　get ____

　　迷路

　　get paid

　　拿工资

　　get ________

　　结婚

　　get drowned

　　被淹死

　　get dressed

　　穿衣服

　　get caught in

　　陷入；遭到 【温馨提示】 “get＋动词的过去分词”表示处于某种状态。 burnt/burned lost married 【活学活用】

　　1．用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空

　　(1) He'll get ________ (punish) if he goes on like this.

　　(2) Nobody can get him ________ (work) hard.

　　(3) Tell everybody to get ________ (involve) in this activity.　 punished to work involved 2．单项填空

　　Sarah，hurry up. I'm afraid you won't have time to ________ before the party.

　　A．get changed

　　B．get change

　　C．get changing

　　D．get to change

　　[解析] A　考查的是get done的用法。get doing“开始干起……来”；get to do sth.“即将做某事”；get do结构不正确，所以只能用get done结构。 4　play a role/part in　在……中起作用；在……中担任角色

　　play an important role/part in

　　在……中起重要作用(担

　　任重要角色)

　　play the role of sb.＝play/act the part of sb.

　　(在剧中)扮演……角色

　　play the leading role

　　起带头(主要)作用 【活学活用】

　　1．根据汉语提示完成句子

　　(1) He _________________ (扮演) Hamlet in the play last

　　week.

　　(2) The media __________________________ (起重要作用) in

　　influencing people's opinions. played the role of plays an important role/part 2．单项填空

　　The most important thing about cotton in history is______ role it played in ______ Industrial Revolution.

　　A．/；/

　　B．the；/

　　C．the；the

　　D．a；the

　　[解析] C　句意：历史上关于棉花最重要的事情是其在工业革命方面所起的作用。role后接定语从句，表示特指。“工业革命”Industrial Revolution前应加the，是由普通名词构成的专有名词。 5　take up　占据；占用(空间或时间)；开始从事；接受

　　take in 接纳；吸收；包括；理解；欺骗

　　take ___

　　脱下(衣帽等)；起飞；开始成名，开始受欢迎

　　take on

　　雇用；呈现(面貌)；具有(特征)

　　take

　　____

　　接管，接任，接替

　　take _____

　　发生；进行

　　take out

　　取出；拿出

　　take it ____

　　别着急

　　take down

　　记下，写下

　　take away

　　带走 off over place easy 【活学活用】 1．根据句意，用take 的相关短语的适当形式填空

　　(1) They ________ their worn clothes.

　　(2) Our village has ________ a new look these years.

　　(3) The refrigerator _______ too much room.

　　(4) He _______ all the money and things in his pocket and

　　gave them to the beggar.

　　(5) Mary _______ cooking when she was in Britain.

　　(6) The meeting will _________ at 8：00 tomorrow

　　morning. took off taken on took up took out took up take place 2．单项填空

　　After studying in a medical college for five years，Jane ________ her job as a doctor in the countryside.

　　A．set out

　　B．took over

　　C．took up

　　D．set up

　　[解析] C　考查动词短语辨析。take up“从事，做……”；set out“开始”；take over“接管；接收”；set up“建立，创立”。句意：在一所医科大学学习了5年之后，Jane开始在乡下做一名医生。 6　at the moment此刻，目前，现在(可指较短或较长的时间)

　　at that moment

　　就在那时，当时

　　for a moment

　　一会儿

　　for the moment

　　目前，暂时

　　in a moment

　　一会儿之后

　　a moment ago

　　刚才

　　at that moment

　　就在那时

　　the moment＝as soon as/the minute/the instant/the second/directly/immediately＋从句＝hardly/scarcely…when…，no sooner…than…

　　一……就……

　　引导时间状语从句 【活学活用】 (1) I am busy ______________.此刻我很忙。

　　(2) I didn't know her ______________.

　　那时我不认识她。 (3) Stop discussing ______________ please.

　　请暂停讨论。 (4) I recognised him ____________________________________

　　_____________________________ he took off the sunglasses.他一摘下太阳镜，我就认出了他。 at the moment at that moment for the moment

　　the moment/the minute/the instant/ directly/immediately/as soon as 7　come up with　提出；赶上

　　come about 　

　　发生

　　come ____ being

　　发生；产生

　　come into _____

　　开始生效

　　come true　

　　实现

　　come to an end

　　结束

　　come ______

　　(偶然)碰到，遇见

　　come ___

　　(书、唱片等)出版，发行 第1讲 │ 短语储存

　　into effect across out 【活学活用】 1．根据句意，用come的相关短语的适当形式填空

　　(1) A second edition will ________ next week.

　　(2) He felt happy to __________ one of his old friends. 2．单项填空

　　—Have you ________ some new ideas?

　　—Yeah. I'll tell you later.

　　A．come about

　　B．come into

　　C．come up with

　　D．come out with

　　[解析] C　句意：“你想出一些新主意来了吗？”“是的，我一会儿告诉你。”come about“发生”；come up with“想出”，后跟计划、答案等名词作宾语，符合句意。

　　第1讲 │ 短语储存

　　come out come across 1　What kind of lifestyles do you think the men in the

　　pictures have？你认为图片中的人物过着什么样的生 活？ 句型公式 特殊疑问词(＋其他)＋do you think＋陈述句？　 【句型解读】 do you think后面跟宾语从句时，如果从句中含有特殊疑问词，应将其置于句首；do you think/believe/suppose/guess等放在特殊疑问词(＋其他)之后，且从句应用陈述语序。 句型透视 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) Who ____________ will give us a lecture this weekend?

　　你认为本周末谁会给我们作报告？

　　(2) What ____________________________ him?

　　你认为他出了什么事？ do you think do you suppose has happened to 2．单项填空

　　If you are to go to Paris，________more，the Eiffel Tower or the Louvre?

　　A．which do you think you'll enjoy

　　B．do you think which you'll enjoy

　　C．which you will enjoy

　　D．which do you think will you enjoy

　　[解析] A　“特殊疑问句＋插入语”的句式构成：疑问词＋do you think/…＋陈述句。句意：如果你去巴黎，你认为你会更喜欢哪个，埃菲尔铁塔还是卢浮宫？ 2 Of course，I couldn‘t live this lifestyle without a good

　　wife.当然，如果没有一个好妻子，我不可能过这样的生活 方式。

　　句型公式 　not…without 引导的双重否定句　

　　【注意事项】 not…without 引导双重否定句，用以加强语气。without 还可以表示“如果没有”，用于虚拟语气，相当于but for。 【活学活用】 英汉互译 (1) One cannot make bricks without straw.

　　巧妇难为无米之炊。

　　(2) 没有水就没有生命。

　　There will be no life without water. 3 I am always the first person to get to the office.我总是 第一个到达办公室的人。

　　句型公式 the first/second/…/last(＋名词、代词)＋to do sth.　

　　【句型解读】 the first/second/…/last(＋名词、代词)后常接不定式to do sth.，表示“第几个做某事的……”。 【活学活用】 (1) The British became _________________________ the land.英国人成了第一批踏上这片土地的人。 (2) She _________________________ in love with him.她绝不会爱上他。 the first people to set foot on will be the last person to fall 4　Usually，it's so crowded that I can't find anywhere to sit.通常它是如此得拥挤以至于我找不到座位。

　　句型公式

　　so＋adj./adv.＋that…

　　so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.[C](单)＋that…

　　so＋many/few＋n.[C]复/much/little(少) ＋n.[U]＋that…

　　such a/an(＋adj.)＋n.[C](单)＋that＋…

　　such＋(adj.＋)n.[C](复)＋that…

　　such＋(adj.＋)n.[U]＋that…　 【句型解读】 本句是一个主从复合句，从句是表示结果的状语从句。 引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that(从句中不带情态动词)，so…that(如此……以至于……)，such…that(如此……以至于……)等，通常位于主句的后面。 【注意事项】 such 与one，no 等词一起修饰名词时，这些词要放在such的前面。即： one/no/any/all/many/some/several/few＋such＋n. 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) He was __ fat ____ he couldn‘t get through the door.他 胖得无法通过这扇门。

　　(2) Lucy is ____ a lovely girl ____ we all like her.露西是如 此可爱的女孩以至于我们都喜欢她。

　　(3) He saw __ many new things ____ he couldn‘t remember

　　them all.他看到这么多新事物，以至于不能把它们全都 记住。

　　(4) It‘s ____ nice weather ____ we’d like to take a walk.天气 那么好，以至于我们想去散步。 so that such that so that such that 第1讲　Unit 1

　　Lifestyles

　　美文欣赏 在繁重的课业负担之下，中学生也应该学会适度地自我放松，请你围绕“Ways to get relaxed”这一话题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文： 1．自我放松的途径：看电视、体育锻炼、上网等； 2．我更喜欢的途径及理由：…… 注意：在表达“我更喜欢的途径及理由”时，请从要点1中选择一项进行阐述。 词数：100—120，文章开头已给出(不计入总词数)。 Ways to get relaxed There are various ways to get relaxed for middle school students. _________________________________________________

　　【精彩美文】

　　Ways to get relaxed

　　There are various ways to get relaxed for middle school students.

　　One way is to take exercise, walking, running, playing basketball or football, etc. We can also watch TV, where we are able to enjoy varieties of colorful programs both in Chinese and English as well. Moreover, we can surf the Internet to get some relaxation and entertainment. As far as I'm concerned/As for me, surfing the Internet appeals to me most. For one thing, the Internet offers a wide range of activities for relaxation. In general, I keep track of the latest news as an enjoyment. Sometimes, I play computer games to refresh myself. For another, the Internet makes it easy for me to make friends with people at home and abroad, for it is a great joy to communicate with them. In addition, having a glimpse of the vivid pictures and live videos on the Internet contributes to regaining my energy.

　　【全品点睛】

　　①行文逻辑：综述放松途径→自己更喜欢的途径→阐述理由。较好地使用了连接词语，如：also，moreover，as far as I'm concerned/as for me，for one thing…for another，in general，in addition等。

　　②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：as well, appeal to，a wide range of，keep track of，have a glimpse of, vivid，contribute to等。

　　③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：定语从句：…where we are able to enjoy varieties of colorful programs both in Chinese and English as well；for引导的是并列句，两个分句中分别使用了不定式结构：…the Internet makes it easy for me to make friends with people at home and abroad, for it is a great joy to communicate with them.

　　基础梳理 Ⅰ. 单词荟萃 1．_______ adj.轻松的，放松的→ ____ v．放松 2．_______ adj.平静的；和平的→ ____ n．和平→ ________

　　adv.安静地，安详地 3．________ vi.抱怨；投诉→ ________ n．抱怨 4．_______ adj.私人的，个人的→ _____ n．人→ ________

　　adv.就自己而言 5．_______ vt.组织→ ___________ n．组织 6．_____ vt.更喜欢；宁愿→ ________ n．偏好 relaxing relax peaceful peace peacefully complain complaint personal person personally organise organisation prefer preference 7．________ vi.毕业→___________ n．毕业 8．_______ vt.& n．支持；支撑→___________ adj.支持的→_________ n．支持者 9．________ v．广告→_______________ n．广告 10．_______ v．计算→___________ n．会计，会计师 graduate graduation support supportive supporter advertise advertisement account accountant Ⅱ.短语检测 1．把开关打开；接通 2．远程学习 3．转换频道，转变 4．此刻，目前 5．数年间 6．(铃、爆竹等)响 7．占据(时间或空间) 8．忍受，遭受 9．在……方面起重要的作用 10．想出，提出 switch/turn on distance learning switch over at the moment over the years go off take up suffer from play an important part/role in come up with Ⅲ.佳句再现 1．当然，没有一个好妻子，我是不能过上这种生活的。(without)

　　Of course，I

　　live this lifestyle ______

　　a good wife. 2．我从洗漱、更衣、吃早饭、离家到坐上公共汽车用不到15分钟的时间。(It takes sb. some time to do sth.)

　　______ me less than fifteen minutes to wash, __________，have breakfast，leave home and get on a bus. 3．我总是第一个到达办公室的人。(the first…to do sth.)

　　I am always ____________________ the office. without It takes get changed the first person to get to couldn’t 4．会议和电话占据了一天很大一部分的时间。(take up)

　　Meeting and phone calls _______ a large part of the day. 5．如果没事可做，我就容易厌烦。(get bored)

　　I ________ if there is nothing to do. 6．通常地铁很拥挤，我找不到座位。(so…that…)

　　Usually，it is ______________ I can't find anywhere to sit.

　　take up get bored so crowded that 单词点睛 1 series　n．(several events or actions of the same kind that

　　happen one after the other)系列节目；系列

　　a series of　

　　一连串的；一系列的

　　a TV series

　　一部电视连续剧

　　in series

　　连续地；一系列地 【知识拓展】 单复数同形的其他常见词还有： means(方法)，sheep(绵羊)，fish(鱼)，works(工厂)，species(物种)，deer(鹿)，Chinese(中国人)，Japanese(日本人) 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语提示完成句子

　　He saw ____________________________ (画有一连串白色的箭头)on the road. 2．单项填空

　　Every means ________ tried to save the endangered species.

　　A．were

　　B．has been

　　C．have been

　　　D．had

　　[解析] B　考查主谓一致。虽然means是单复数同形，但是其前面的every说明它此时是单数，故答案选B。 a series of white arrows painted 2　switch　vt.(to change from one thing to another，usually suddenly)转换，转变；改变，变化 n．开关，闸；转换器；变化

　　switch ___

　　关上(电灯、电视等)

　　switch ___

　　打开(电灯、电视等)

　　switch from…to

　　从……转变为……

　　switch ____ (to)

　　转换频道；转变 off on over 【活学活用】 1．根据句意，用switch的相关短语的适当形式填空

　　(1) _______ the TV ___ before you leave.

　　(2) He wanted to relax，so he ___________ the radio.

　　(3) If there is not a good play on CCTV 8，I would

　　___________ to CCTV 5. Switch off switched on switch over 2．单项填空

　　The original painting has been replaced by a fake，and no one knows when the ________ was made.

　　A．switch

　　B．action

　　C．investigation

　　D．breakthrough

　　[解析] A　词汇辨析题。句意：原画已经被赝品替换了，没人知道是什么时候换的。switch“变更，更改”；action“行动”；investigation“调查”；breakthrough“突破，重大进展”。故选A。 3　urgent　adj.(very important and needing to be dealt with immediately)急迫的，紧急的

　　(1) urge v．

　　催促，力劝；强烈要求

　　urge sb. to do sth.

　　敦促某人干某事

　　urge that sb. (should) do sth.敦促某人干某事

　　urge sth. on sb.

　　向某人提出/力陈某事

　　(2) urgency n．

　　紧急的事 【活学活用】 (1) He urged us _______

　　(帮助)him. (2) Father has ______________

　　(强烈的愿望)to visit America. to help an urgent desire 4　bore　vt.(to make someone bored，especially by talking too much about something they are not interested in)使感到厌烦，使厌倦

　　(1) bore sb. with sth.用某事去烦某人

　　(2) bored adj.无聊的，无趣的，烦人的

　　be/get bored with (doing) sth.对(做)某事感到厌倦

　　(3) boring adj.令人厌烦的

　　(4) boredom n．厌烦，厌倦，无聊 【知识拓展】 be tired with/be fed up with (doing) sth.对(做)某事感到厌倦 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子

　　(1) He always _____________ the same story.

　　他总是讲同样的故事，这使她感到厌烦。

　　(2) I was _____ with hearing the ______ story.

　　听着这个乏味的故事，我很烦。 bores her with bored boring 2．单项填空

　　Mr Wang，________of the________speech，started to sleep.

　　A．tired；boring

　　B．tiring；bored

　　C．tired；bored

　　D．tiring；boring

　　[解析] A　句意：王先生听烦了乏味的演讲，睡起了觉。下面这两个句子可帮助理解题干：①Mr Wang was tired of the speech. ②The speech was boring. 5　stress　n．重力；重压，压力；精神的压力；重音，重读vt.加压力于；强调；重读

　　(1) stress the importance of　

　　强调……的重要性

　　(2) lay/place/put stress on/upon 强调……；

　　对……

　　产生压力

　　under stress

　　在压力下

　　(3) stressed adj.

　　焦虑不安的，心力交 瘁的 【活学活用】 (1) We suffer from

　　____________________ (现代生活的压力)． (2) The examination put

　　___________

　　(很大压力) on him. (3) Her grandma ___________________________

　　(强调) good table manners.　 (4) Finally she went home, _________________ (心力交瘁的)． the stress of modern life a lot of stress laid/placed/put great stress on stressed (and tired) 6　suffer　vt.(experience sth. unpleasant)遭受(痛苦)vi.(feel pain，discomfort，great sorrow，etc.通常与from连用)感到疼痛，不适；受……之苦；患……病 【温馨提示】 (1) 用作及物动词，意为“受苦(痛、损失)”，其后常跟抽象、笼统的名词。如： suffer pain/loss/punishment/defeat。 (2) 用作不及物动词，常与from连用，意为“受……之苦；患……病”，其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦。如：suffer from a bad cold/headaches/heart trouble/overwork/floods/droughts/a natural disaster。

　　【注意事项】 suffer与suffer from所跟宾语的性质不同，注意区别。 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语提示完成句子

　　(1) She was _______________________ (受头痛之苦)．

　　(2) He _________________________ (受过许多苦难)before he became a football star. 2．单项填空

　　When I first came to France，I knew little about French and I ________ a lot from it.

　　A．suffered

　　B．stood

　　C．stand

　　D．am suffering

　　[解析] A　考查动词在语境中的具体运用。句意：第一次到法国的时候，我几乎不懂法语，因为这个也受了不少苦。 suffering from a headache had suffered much difficulty 7　reduce　vt.& vi.缩减；减少，降低；使……处于……状态 (表此种意义时，常用于被动语态)；使变弱；使降职(级)

　　reduce one‘s expense

　　减少某人的开支

　　reduce…(from…) to…

　　使陷入(更坏的)境地，使沦落；

　　使……(从……)减少到……

　　reduce…(from…) by… 使……(从……)减少了……

　　【注意事项】 表示“减少到”要用介词to，表示“减少了”要用介词by；其反义词为increase；近义词为decrease。 【活学活用】 1．用括号中所给词的适当形式填空

　　(1) The doctor gave the patient pills ________ (reduce)

　　the pain.

　　(2) He ___________ (reduce) to begging for food. 2．单项填空

　　If you order a large amount of milk from our shop，we can reduce the price________10%.

　　A．at

　　B．from

　　C．by

　　D．on

　　[解析] C　reduce to表示“降低到”；reduce by表示“降低了”。 to reduce was reduced 8　diet　n．饮食，节食；规定饮食v.节食

　　go on/be on a diet 节食

　　a healthy and balanced diet

　　健康、均衡的饮食