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浙江省2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习课件:第1讲 冠词

发布时间:2017-01-14  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  第 1 讲

  冠词

  1. Experts think that ______ recently discovered painting may be ______ Picasso. (2011浙江卷)

  A. the; 不填

  B. a; the

  C. a; 不填

  D. the; a 

  【答案及解析】1. D 考查冠词在语境中的用法。句意为“专家认为,最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。”the painting特指最近发现的油画;a Picasso意为a Picasso's painting,泛指毕加索的一件作品,有one的含义。

  2. Many lifestyle patterns do such ______ great harm to health that they actually speed up ______ weakening of the human body. (2010浙江卷)

  A. a; /

  B. /; the

  C. a; the

  D. /; / 【答案及解析】2. B 句意:许多生活方式对人类的健康有害,他们加速了人类身体的衰退。“对……有害”是固定短语“do harm to”,名词前无冠词;之后的weakening是动词加­ing形式,是一个抽象名词,当表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the。

  3. I don't understand what the engineer means, but I've got ______ rough idea of ______ project plan. (2009浙江卷)

  A. the; a

  B. 不填; the

  C. the; 不填

  D. a; the 【答案及解析】3. D 句意:我不明白那个工程师的意思,但我已大致了解了这个项目的计划。have a rough idea是固定词组,意为“大致了解”,而plan在本句中表示特指,故用定冠词the。

  1. 表示上文提到过的人或事物。如: I have bought a book. The book is very useful.

  2. 用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如: Close the window, please. 3. 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物之前。如: the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。 4. 用于表示方位的名词之前。如: the east, the right 5. 用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如: the first, the tallest 定冠词的基本用法

  6. 用于形容词之前,使其名词化。如: the sick, the wounded 7. 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如: the United States, the United Nations 8. 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等名词之前。如: the Changjiang River, the East Lake 9. 用于复数姓氏之前,表示“夫妇”或“全家”。如: the Smiths

  定冠词的基本用法

  10. 用于西洋乐器名词前。如: play the piano, play the violin 11. 用于发明物前。如: The compass was invented in China.

  12. 用于年代名词前。如: He lived in the countryside in the 1970s.

  13. 用于固定词组中。如: in the morning (afternoon, evening), on the other hand, at the same time 定冠词的基本用法

  1. 泛指一个。如: There is a book on the table.

  2. 指人或事物的某一种类。如: His father is a driver.

  3. 指某一个人或事物,但不具体说明。如: My sister was saved by a PLA man in the fire.

  4. 用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前,表示“每一”。如: We have meals three times a day.

  不定冠词的基本用法

  5. 表示同样的。如: They are of an age. 6. 表数量,相当于one,但语意较弱。如: There is a pen and two books on the desk.

  7. 使抽象名词具体化。如: The little girl is a help to her mother.

  8. 固定搭配。如: as a matter of fact, in a hurry 不定冠词的基本用法

  1. 表示总称的复数名词之前。如: Children love cartoons.

  2. 不含普通名词的专有名词前。如: We are studying English.

  3. 名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。如: I like this picture. I do not have any money. As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.

  不用冠词的情况:

  4. 季节、月份、星期等名词前,一般不用冠词。如: She likes spring most.

  5. 称呼语前不用冠词。如: What shall I do next, Mother? 6. 三餐饭前不用冠词。如: What did you have for lunch? 7. 节假日前不用冠词。如: People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.

  不用冠词的情况:

  8. 球类和棋类运动的名称前不用冠词。如: She is fond of playing basketball.

  9. 在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如: arm in arm(手挽手); hand in hand(手牵手);

  side by side(肩并肩); day and day(日日夜夜); young and old(老老少少);

  from door to door(挨门挨户);

  from beginning to end(从头到尾);

  from morning till night(从早到晚)等。 不用冠词的情况:

  1. 抽象名词具体化时,被具体化的名词可能会与a/an连用。如:

  a heavy rain一场大雨

  a surprise一件怪事

  a pleasure一件乐事

  a success / failure一个成功的或失败的人,一件成功的或失败的事

  易错易混点

  2. 形容词比较级前用the表示“两者中较……的”,而形容词比较级前用a/an则表示“再/更……”。 形容词最高级前用the表示“三者或三者以上中最……的”, 而形容词最高级前用a/an时无比较含义。如:

  Which is the_larger country, Canada or Australia?

  If there were no exams, we should have a_much_happier_time at school.

  It is a_most_useful book. ( a very useful book)

  He is the_most_diligent_student in this class.

  易错易混点

  3. “the +序数词”表示排序, “a/an +序数词”则表示“再一、又一”之意。序数词修饰动词事实上已成为副词,这时要用零冠词。如:

  Can you give me a_second_chance,_please?(another chance)

  He was only 5 years old when I first saw him.

  4. 表示世界上独一无二的事物时一般用the修饰,但如果此类名词已有修饰成分,也可能加a/an。如:all over the_world,_ a peaceful world。

  易错易混点

  5. “零冠词 + 单数名词+ as/though + 主语+谓语”, 意为“虽然/尽管……但是……”。考生易犯带上冠词的错误。如:

  Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.

  Young man as he is, he has seen much of the world.

  6. 牢记高考中常见的纯不可数名词,它们是:weather, fun, space, advice, word(置于句首相当于news), progress, information, news。以上这些词不能与不定冠词连用。如:

  Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.

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