2012高考二轮复习英语专题训练（江苏专用）专题2 阅读理解16

　　2012高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练（江苏专用）

　　专题2 阅读理解 16

　　（35分钟）

　　A

　　Sports is not only physically challenging, but it can also mentally challenging．Criticism（批评）from coaches（trainers）, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes．Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it can lead to burnout．Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable．

　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself．The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place．Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives．Coaches and parents should be aware（realize）, at all times, that their feedback（反馈）to youngsters can greatly affect their children．Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷） in themselves．

　　Coaches and parents should also be cautious（careful） that youth sport participation does not become work for children．The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons．In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport．Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on（pay more attention to） the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances．Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome．Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism．Again, criticism can create high levels of stress（pressure）, which can lead to burnout．

　　1．According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that __________．

　　A．it can help them learn more about society

　　B．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

　　C．it enables them to find flaws in themselves

　　D．it can provide them with valuable experiences

　　2．According to the passage parents and coaches should __________．

　　A．help children to win every game

　　B．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

　　C．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

　　D．train children to deal with stress

　　3．The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ___________．

　　A．to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

　　B．to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to children

　　C．to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragement

　　D．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

　　B

　　When a couple decides to marry, they naturally inform both sets of parents and stepparents before having a party planned or telling all their friends．The days are long gone of the man going trembling to the girl’s father and saying, “ Sir, may I have the honor of having the hand of your daughter in marriage?” However, a wise couple always discuss their plans for marriage with their respective families, and a young man often suggests a “financial talk” with his future father-in-law before the latter is faced with the embarrassment of asking for one．Even if a young woman has supported herself and lives away from home, her parents have the right to know how her fiancé proposes to handle the long-range financing of their family and home．The fiancé should state his income, his savings, and his failure expectations, without overstating any of them．

　　Engagement parties are given by the parents of the bride-to-be or by a relative of the bride acting for her parents, usually just before the newspaper announcement of the engagement．If the bride-to-be and her fiancé live in a city other than her parents, it is better for her parents to go to the city than her to go home to them for the engagement party．She and her fiancé will, after all, be partied in her parents’ hometown during the wedding festivities．However, if the family home is not far away, it is proper for the engaged couple to travel there for the announcement party．The young man’s family should be invited, too．If the bride’s parents are no longer living, then a relative or a close friend can give the party．It is usually a simple cocktail’s party, champagne served for toasts to the engaged couple．

　　If the party is very large, the engaged couple and the girl’s parents might form a receiving line---- but they do not have to．The bride-to-be usually wears her engagement ring officially for the first time on this occasion．If she has a gift for the groom-to-be, she gives it to him right before or after the engagement party．

　　For Americans, the traditional engagement ring is a diamond solitaire （单粒宝石）．However, today anything goes---- a ring with many colored stones, a ring with a large semiprecious stone, an heirloom （传家宝） ring reset in a modern design, or even a stone in the bride’s family, simply reset in a Tiffany setting．The wedding ring will be of the same metal as the engagement ring．Some girls prefer no engagement ring but choose a wedding band that is decorated with stones instead．No one has to have an engagement ring．A girl may want her fiancé to give her a pearl necklace instead, or a jeweled watch．Jeweled rings can be given as gifts on many occasions during the married lives---- such as wedding anniversaries, the birth of a child, or an important job promotion．

　　4．According to the first paragraph, young men ________．

　　must tell all their friends before planning a party

　　B．used to feel afraid of going to meet their girl friends’ parents

　　C．must promise that their family could support them

　　D．must guarantee they live away from home already

　　5．The underlined word “one” in the first paragraph most probably means ________．

　　A．a marriage

　　B．a plan

　　C． a financial talk D．an embarrassment

　　Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．The bride-to-be and her fiancé will have to wait in line with both of their parents．

　　If the girl’s parents are dead, a relative or a close friend gives a party on their behalf．

　　The engagement party is usually given before the newspaper announcement．

　　It’s no longer necessary to give a diamond solitaire as the engagement ring．

　　We can infer from the last paragraph that ________．

　　a young man can give his wife a jeweled watch on the birthday of their child

　　B．the heirloom must be reset in a modern design

　　C．the engagement ring and the wedding ring are different

　　D．some girls don’t mind what they are given for the engagement

　　C

　　“Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much．”---- Francis Bacon （1561-1626）

　　It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding．To start with, you need questions．Then, to find answers, you observe the world around you and study the facts．After that you consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones．Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of analysis---- luckily for us．

　　However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day．At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts, and people like Galileo Galilei, who proved scientific ideas such as “ the Earth is not the centre of the universe”, were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence．The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge that they had always comfortably believed．They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others．In fact, when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe, instead of believing him, people chose to believe ancient views put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle （384-322BC）．

　　This also shows how people didn’t want to search for their own understanding or educate themselves．And this is still often true today．People feel that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so．But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times．And Galilei too made mistakes．He is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed that the earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle．He was wrong．Therefore our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing．In other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say “We know it all．”

　　We need to thank the great men of the past for the wisdom to know that we don’t know it all and probably never will, for that would mean a world without questions．So much of our knowledge and understanding of the world today is due to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to step out from the shadows of old thoughts in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilization is built upon．These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man, and more beneficial to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world．

　　“All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them．”----Galileo Galilei （1564-1642）

　　In Bacon and Galileo’s times, people would prefer to ________．

　　A．learn new things by observing the world around themselves

　　B．acquire knowledge from church or experience of great ancestors

　　C．seek answers to their puzzles from contemporary scientists

　　D．explore knowledge out of facts they saw with their own eyes

　　9．In this passage Bacon and Galileo are mentioned as examples for ________．

　　their great achievements in science

　　B．their ambition to doubt great ancestors

　　C．their revolutionary way of acquiring knowledge

　　D．their preference to believe in themselves rather than others

　　10．What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　A．To help the readers learn more about great thinkers in history．

　　To convince the readers of the importance of thinking and discovering．

　　To persuade the readers to thank the great men of the past for their wisdom．

　　To encourage the readers to go against the views of their day．

　　Which of the following is the process the writer suggests to acquire knowledge?

　　A．asking questions→searching the Internet→ waiting the results→ finding answers

　　B．acquiring knowledge and understanding→ asking questions→ answering questions

　　C．observing the world→ asking questions→ studying facts→ finding answers→ considering possibilities

　　D．asking questions→ observing the world→ studying facts→ considering possibilities→ testing and finding answers

　　D

　　A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily，it is a bad thing for young people．Puppy love（早恋）may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression（忧郁症）．The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys，and younger girls are the worst of all．

　　The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”．According to the study，even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”，this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls．Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions．They won’t tell that to their parents．

　　Dr Marianm Kaufman，an expert on young people problems，says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing．Trying romance often causes the depression．She advises kids not to jump into romance too early．During growing up，it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self．She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends，attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family．

　　Parents should watch for signs of depression—eating or mood changes—and if they see signs from their daughters or sons，they need to give help．The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age．Love will always make us feel young，but only maturity（成熟）gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects．

　　12．What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Puppy love may bring young people depression．

　　B．Parents should forbid their children’s love．

　　C．Romance is a two­edged sword for adults．

　　D．Romance is good for young people．

　　3．Which of the following is more likely to have depression?

　　A．Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness．

　　B．Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior．

　　C．Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions．

　　D．Careless parents whose children are deep in love．

　　4．What can be inferred from the passage?

　　A．Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly．

　　B．Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents．

　　C．Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression．

　　D．The older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance．

　　5．What’s the author’s attitude towards puppy love?

　　A．Confused

　　B．Disapproving C．Disinterested

　　D．Scared