2016届高考英语二轮阅读理解九十天强化训练：49

　　高考英语二轮九十天强化训练：阅读理解49

　　A new oral medication to treat patients in the early stages of multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化) has shown considerable promise in two clinical trials, researchers announced on Wednesday.

　　The medication is on track to become just the third oral drug available to M.S. patients, and potentially the safest and most effective, experts said. The second oral drug, called Aubagio, was approved just last week.

　　The new trials, published online in The New England Journal of Medicine, found that the drug BG-12, developed by Biogen Idec, reduced relapsing M.S rates(旧病复发率)in patients by about 50 percent. The drug also obviously reduced the frequency of new brain damage , and slowed the progression of disease compared with a placebo(安慰剂).

　　In the two clinical trials, called Define and Confirm, patients were divided into two groups at random, taking 240 milligrams of BG-12 either twice or three times a day. Patients in a third group took a placebo. The combined results showed that the drug reduced the relapse rate by about 50 percent.

　　Taking BG-12 twice a day reduced the number of newly enlarging brain damages by 71 percent to 99 percent. The Define trial found a statistically significant 38 percent reduction in the progression to disability. The most frequent side effects were a temporary flushing(脸红)and warm feeling and other symptoms including nausea, diarrhea, cramping and vomiting. Though both types of side effects were common, they tended to reduce after the first few weeks of use and were tolerated by most patients.

　　However, Interferons, the drugs most commonly used in relapsing M.S., reduce relapses by about 30 percent, and have not been shown to slow the progression of the disease and disability. The newly approved Aubagio also reduces relapses by about 30 percent, and it has the advantage of being an oral drug.

　　BG-12 is an anti-inflammatory that works by protecting nerves against injury. “The safety track record is well known and appears to be very strong,” said Dr. Robert Fox, lead author of one of the new studies and medical director of the Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.

　　“It’s a bright day for M.S. patients, but there is a gray cloud in that we still don’t have anything for those with progressive M.S.,” he added.

　　63. Which of the following is NOT the function of BG-12?

　　A. It can slow the progression to disability significantly.

　　B. It can reduce relapses rates in patients with relapsing M.S.

　　C. It can decrease the number of brain damages caused by M.S.

　　D. It can make patients excited and ensure patients have a warm feeling.

　　64. What can you infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?

　　A. BG-12 can relieve the pain from the patients suffering from M.S.

　　B. There is hope but still a long way to find a cure for progressive M.S.

　　C. Scientists can not invent medication for patients with progressive M.S.

　　D. Patients in the early stages of M.S will still suffer a lot in the future.

　　65. Which can be the best title for the text?

　　A. Advantages of BG-12

　　B. Good news for the patients

　　C. Comparisons between three drugs

　　D. A new oral medication for the early M.S.

　　【考点定位】考查句子理解。

　　65.【答案】D

　　【解析】本文是对新发明的一种治疗多发性硬化的口服药物的介绍。

　　【考点定位】考查文章主旨。

　　阅读A

　　Vicious and Dangerous Sports Should be Banned by Law

　　When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it’s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don’t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.

　　It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of ‘the sporting spirit’ is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.

　　Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally – admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.

　　46.It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s opinion of nowadays’ human beings is

　　A.

　　not very high.

　　B.

　　high.

　　C.

　　contemptuous.

　　D.

　　critical.

　　47.The main idea of this passage is

　　A.

　　vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.

　　B.

　　people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.

　　C.

　　to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.

　　D.

　　people are bloodthirsty in sports.

　　48.That the author mentions the old Romans is

　　A.

　　To compare the old Romans with today’s people.

　　B.

　　to give an example.

　　C.

　　to show human beings in the past know nothing better.

　　D.

　　to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.

　　49.How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?

　　A.

　　Three.

　　B.

　　Five.

　　C.

　　Six.

　　D. Seven.

　　50.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is

　　A.

　　that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.

　　B.

　　that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.

　　C.

　　that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.

　　D.

　　to show law is the main instrument of social change.

　　参考答案46—50、AADBA

　　阅读理解-----B篇

　　Advertisers Perform a Useful Service to the Community

　　Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s iniquitous,’ they say, ‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays…’

　　The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.

　　Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.

　　We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!

　　Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine.

　　What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch, match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ‘agony’ column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!

　　51.What is main idea of this passage?

　　A.

　　Advertisement.

　　B.

　　The benefits of advertisement.

　　C.

　　Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.

　　D.

　　The costs of advertisement.

　　52.The attitude of the author toward advertisers is

　　A.

　　appreciative.

　　B.

　　trustworthy.

　　C.

　　critical.

　　D.

　　dissatisfactory.

　　53.Why do the critics criticize advertisers?

　　A.

　　Because advertisers often brag.

　　B.

　　Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”.

　　C.

　　Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.

　　D.

　　Because customers pay more.

　　54.Which of the following is Not True?

　　A.

　　Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everything.

　　B.

　　We can buy what we want.

　　C.

　　Good quality products don’t need to be advertised.

　　D.

　　Advertisement makes our life colorful.

　　55.The passage is

　　A.

　　Narration.

　　B.

　　Description.

　　C.

　　Criticism.

　　D.

　　Argumentation.

　　参考答案

　　51---55、CAACC

　　Joanne Rowling, born on 31 July 1965, is an English fiction writer who writes under the pen name J. K. Rowling. Rowling is the author of the Harry Potter fantasy series, which has gained international attention, won multiple awards, and sold over 375 million copies worldwide.

　　JK Rowling’s new novel arrives with the high drama and state secrecy of a royal birth. Its due date is announced in February, and in April the disclosure of its title, The Casual Vacancy, makes international news. The release of the cover image in July commands headlines again, and Fleet Street(英国媒体) commissions (委托) a “design guru” to analyze its mysterious artistic beauty, in search of clues as to what might lie within. Waterstones(英国连锁书店) predicts the novel will be “the bestselling fiction title this year”. Literary critics begin to publish preliminary (初步的) reviews, revealing what they think they will think about a book they have not yet even read.

　　I am required to sign more legal documents than would typically be involved in buying a house before I am allowed to read The Casual Vacancy, under tight security in the London offices of Little, Brown. Even the publishers have been forbidden to read it, and they give me the manuscript carefully, religiously, as though handling a priceless Ming vase. Afterwards, I am instructed never to disclose the address of Rowling’s Edinburgh office where the interview will take place.

　　In the 15 years since she published her first Harry Potter, Rowling has become both universally known and almost unrecognizable. The untidy redhair who used to write in the cafes of Leith has slowly transformed into a shiny fashionable lady, one who is beyond recognition behind wealth and control. Once a penniless single mother, she became the first person on earth to make $1billion by writing books, but her rare public appearances suggested a faint ice maiden quality.

　　Rowling is completely relaxed about this arrangement. Warm and energetic, quick to laugh, she chatters so freely that her publicist gets nervous and tells her to lower her voice. “Am I speaking too loud?” She doesn’t look a bit concerned. “Well, I can’t get passionate and whisper!” When I tell her I loved the book, her arms shoot up in celebration. “Oh my God! I’m so happy! That’s so amazing to hear. Thank you so much! You’ve made me incredibly happy. Oh my God!” Anyone listening would take her for a debut author, meeting her first ever fan.

　　In a way, that’s what she is. Rowling has written seven Harry Potter books, and sold more than 450m copies, but her first novel for adults is unlike them in every respect.

　　“Obviously I need to be in some form of vehicle to have a decent idea,” she laughs. Having dreamed up Potter on a train, “This time I was on a plane. And I thought: local election! And I just knew. I had that totally physical response you get to an idea that you know will work. It’s a rush of adrenaline (肾上腺素), it’s chemical. I had it with Harry Potter and I had it with this. So that’s how I know.”

　　66. The “design guru” in Paragraph 2 is probably ________.

　　A. a publisher

　　B. a reader

　　C. a writer

　　D. an expert

　　67. Why was the author required to sign so many legal documents before reading the book?

　　A. Because it’s a commercial secret before the book is published.

　　B. Because publishers are afraid the author is a commercial spy.

　　C. Because the author is so dishonest that publishers can’t trust him.

　　D. Because the author is involved in buying a house.

　　68. From the passage, we can learn the following facts about Rowling EXCEPT that________

　　A. she used to write stories in the cafes.

　　B. she often makes public appearance after she is famous.

　　C. she was very poor before she became well-known.

　　D. she has become a wealthy lady with good quality.

　　69. According to the interview with Rowling, we can infer that she is ________.

　　A. aggressive and energetic

　　B. quiet and easygoing

　　C. enthusiastic and lovely

　　D. modest and shy

　　70. The author writes the passage mainly to ________.

　　A. introduce JK Rowling and her new book B.describe great changes in JK Rowling

　　C. advocate readers to buy Harry Potter

　　D. tell readers the contents of the new book

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介绍，文章主要介绍了《哈利波特》的作者JK 罗琳和她的新书。

　　67.【答案】A

　　【解析】从后面的状语“under tight security in the London offices of Little, Brown”可以看出是为了保密。

　　【考点定位】考查推理判断能力。

　　68.【答案】B

　　【解析】从第四段最后一句里的“but her rare public appearances suggested a faint ice maiden quality”可判断出她很少公开露面。

　　【考点定位】考查推理判断能力。

　　69.【答案】C

　　【解析】从第五段中“Warm and energetic, quick to laugh”几个词可以看出她的性格很开朗，充满热情。

　　【考点定位】考查推理判断能力。

　　70.【答案】A

　　【解析】文章主要介绍了JK 罗琳和她的新书

　　【考点定位】考查文章主旨。