【最后抢分】2016年高考临门一脚 自选训练（1）附答案

　　自选训练（1）及答案

　　社会生活类阅读理解

　　Homeownership has let us down. For generations, Americans believed that owning a home was undoubtedly good. Our political leaders hammered home the point. Franklin Roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was “unconquerable.” Homeownership could even save babies, save children, save families and save America. A house with a lawn and a fence wasn’t just a nice place to live in or a risk-free investment; it was a way to transform a nation.No wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy.

　　But the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent: Indeed, easy lending stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis. Housing remains a drag on the economy. Existing-home sales in April dropped 27% from the prior month, worsening fears of a double-dip. And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped.The real story is deeper and darker still.

　　For the better part of a century, politics, industry and culture lined up to create a fetish of the idea of buying a house.Homeownership has done plenty of good over the decades; it has provided stability to tens of millions of families. Yet by idealizing the act of buying a home, we have ignored the downsides. In the bubble years, lending standards slipped dramatically, allowing many Americans to put far too much of their income into paying for their housing. And we ignored longer-term phenomena too.Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods. It fed America’sover use of energy and oil. It made it more difficult for those who had lost a job to find another. Perhaps worst of all, it helped us become casually self-deceiving: By telling ourselves that homeownership was a pathway to wealth and stable communities and better test scores, we avoided dealing with these frightening issues head-on.

　　Now, as the U.S. recovers from the biggest housing bust（破产）since the Great Depression, it is time to rethink how realistic our expectations of homeownership are—and how much money we want to spend chasing them. Many argue that homeownership should not be a goal pursued at all costs.

　　1. Political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because ______.

　　A. owning a home was undoubtedly good

　　B. homeownership was unconquerable　

　　C. houses could save families and America

　　D. homeownership could shape a country

　　2.The underlined sentence in Para. 2 means ______.

　　A. homeownership has quite a lot of bad effects

　　B. there might be another housing break down in the U.S.

　　C. the existing-home sales will keep decreasing in the U.S.

　　D. the result of homeownership is much worse than it appears

　　3.It can be inferred from Para. 3 that ______.

　　A. it is hard for Americans to get a home loan

　　B. it is the way to wealth to have one’s own house

　　C. many Americans choose to live out of urbanareas

　　D. homeownership has made many people out of work

　　4.What is the author’s attitude towards homeownership?

　　A. Favorable. B. Ambiguous.　 C. Cautious. D. Optimistic.

　　【参考答案】81.DDCC

　　[社会生活型阅读理解(一)](ages 7～17)with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.single，with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers.They are tutors: someone to trust, to have fun with, to talk and go to when needed.，cooking，playing sport or going to a football match.These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop positive self­respect，confidence and life direction.t and most well­known provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.

　　Emily and Sarah have been matched since March 2008. Emily is a 10瓂ear璷ld girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmdeates at school. “I was pretty sure there

　　was something wrong with me.”

　　Emily's mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily

　　by 損roviding different feedback e(反馈) about herself other than just relying on schoolmates to measure her self­worth”．work and no play.”

　　Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful, happy and unique girl she is!

　　1. What is the aim of Big Brothers Big Sisters?

　　A．To offer students public services.

　　B．To help students improve their grades.

　　C．To organize sport activities for young people.

　　D．To provide partnership and fun for young people.

　　2. A volunteer is usually expected to work within a year for at least ________．24 hours

　　B．36 hours

　　urs

　　D．72 hoursthis programme may provide Emily with _____．advice from her teachers

　　B．a new way to assess herself

　　C．a new way to judge her schoolmates

　　D．more comments from her schoolmates

　　4. Why did Sarah want to get involved in the programme?

　　A．She used to be a volunteer.

　　B．She needed a part­time job.

　　C．She felt a bit bored with her life.

　　D．She wanted to get a challenging job.

　　5. According to the passage, “vulnerable young people” are probably those who are ________．popular at school

　　B．rather weak physically

　　C．easily hurt emotionally

　　D．confident in themselves

　　【参考答案解析】C

　　【要点综述 文章主要讲述了Big Brothers Big Sisters这样一个项目，该项目为情感上容易受挫折的孩子提供了帮助。　根据文章第一段第二句“It is a programme which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people…”可知，这个项目是“通过让成人陪伴一些内心比较脆弱的孩子，从而来提供友谊和乐趣”。A选项是说为学生提供公共服务；B选项是说帮C选项是说为年轻人组织体育活动；D选项是说给年轻人提供友情和乐趣。所以选D。　根据文章第三段第一句可知，志愿者要每年至少参加12个月，每个月三到四次，每次花一到四个小时。由此可以得出，志愿者一年之内最少要工作12×3×1＝36小时。　根据文章第六段第一句“…by ‘providing different feedback(反馈) about herself other than just…’．”可知，这个项目可以向Emily的妈妈提供一些关于她孩子不同的反馈，而不是仅仅只依赖同学的评价来评估Emily的自我价值。C　根据文章第七段最后一句“…because sometimes it's all work and no play.”可知Sarah想要通过参加这个项目来找些事儿做，因为有时候生活充满了工作而没有放松。A：她曾经是一个志愿者；B：她需要一份兼职工作；C：她感觉生活有点儿无趣；D：她想要获C。　由文章的第一段可知这个项目可以为这些孩子提供玩伴和乐趣。再由文章的第三段可以得知，这个项目可以为孩子们提高自尊、自信和找准生活方向。再由文章的第五段可以得知，Emily在学校很难被同学接受。综上分析，可以得出，vulnerable young people是指“情感上容易受伤害的人”。Banks view online banking as a powerful “value-added” tool to attract and keep new customers while helping to eliminate costly paper handling or teller（出纳员）interactions in an increasingly competitive banking environment.

　　Today, most large national banks, many local banks and credit unions offer some form of online banking, variously known as PC banking, home banking, electronic banking or Internet banking. Online banks are sometimes referred to as “brick-to-click” banks, both to tell them from “brick-to-mortar” banks that haven’t yet offered online banking, as well as from “virtual”（虚拟）banks that have no physical branches or tellers whatsoever.

　　The challenge for the banking industry has been to design this new service channel in such a way that its customers will readily learn to use and trust it. Most of the large banks can now offer fully safe , fully functional（功能的）online banking for free or for a small cost. As more banks succeed online and more customers use their sites, fully functional online banking will likely become as commonplace as automated teller machines (ATM).

　　Online banking has a lot of advantages. Unlike your corner bank, online banking sites never close; they’re at hand 24 hours a day, seven days a week and they’re a mouse click away. If you’re out of state or even out of the country when a money problem appears, you can log on instantly to your online bank and take care of business. Online bank sites generally carry out and confirm （确认）deals at or quicker than ATM processing speeds. Many online banking sites now offer fashionable tools to help you manage all of your valuable items more effectively.

　　1. The word “eliminate” in the first paragraph probably means “

　　”.

　　A. keep B. remove

　　C. reduce

　　D. improve

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义推断题。结合该词在第一段的前后文，银行认为网上银行是一种强大的增值工具, 可以用它来吸引和维护新的客户，同时也可以帮助 “to eliminate costly paper handling or …”，此处costly意为 “昂贵的，代价高的”, 由此可知，eliminate 意为 “去除” 。故选B。

　　2. What is the challenge for the banking industry according to the text?

　　A. To make online banking attractive. B. To open new services all over the world.

　　C. To offer online banking for free. D. To take care of business 24 hours a day.

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为段落主旨题。第三段的首句为本段的中心句，提到了“The challenge for the banking industry…that its customers will readily learn to use and trust it.” 即银行业面对的挑战是让客户学习使用和信任这种新的服务，第三段后面的内容都是对中心句进行解释和说明。故答案为A，让网上银行变得具有吸引力。解答此题同样要注意同义句的转换。

　　3. From the text we can conclude that

　　.

　　A. “brick-to-click” banks are in fact another kind of physical banks

　　B. the function of a “brick-to-click” bank is as common as that of an ATM

　　C. a “brick-to-mortar” bank is no better than a virtual one

　　D. customers can deal with their banking by a mouse click

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节理解题。从第二段 “Online banks are sometimes referred to as “brick-to-click” banks, both to tell them from “brick-to-mortar” banks that haven’t yet offered online banking, as well as from “virtual”（虚拟）banks that have no physical branches or tellers whatsoever.”“brick-to-click” 银行，不同于没有网上银行业务的 “brick-to-mortar” 银行; 网上银行也是虚拟银行，没有实体的分行，故A不对；C选项中no better than 意为 “和 ... 一样不好”“… fully functional online banking will likely become as commonplace as automated teller machines (ATM).”中，注意 “will likely” , 故B选项不对。

　　通过分析知，网上银行被称作是 “brick-to-click” 银行, 可知D选项的意思 “顾客凭借鼠标就可以进行网上银行操作”与文意符合。故答案为D。

　　4. What would be the best title for this text?

　　A. Banking of Various Forms

　　B. Improvement of Banking Industry

　　C. Development of Online Banking

　　D. Functions of the “Brick-to-Click” Bank

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题考查文章的标题。本文都是在围绕网上银行展开，故答案为C。

　　[社会生活型阅读理解(二)]A

　　Increased use of the Internet and mobile phones is undermining pupils' capacity for independent study and promoting poor grammar.

　　Cranfield School of Management found almost 6 in 10 schoolchildren were copying information directly from websites for homework tasks without properly reading it.

　　More than a quarter thought it was an acceptable practice, even though they know it was considered plagiarism (剽窃)．based on a sample of around 260 pupils aged from 11 to 18 at a secondary school in the Midlands, raised fresh concerns that modern technology was having a destructive effect on young people.

　　Andrew Kakabadse, Professor of International Management Development at Cranfield, said, “Our research shows that technology obsession prevents spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning.

　　“Despite school policies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets. The mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day.”

　　The report revealed that so­called “text­speak” was increasingly finding it was into pupils' school work.

　　3 in 10 students admit to using text message shortcuts, such as “r u ok” in essays and classroom tasks.

　　It followed a study earlier this year that found almost half of teachers failed to understand some pupils' writing because it was so full of confusing language. Phrases such as “innit” and “Gr8” were regularly found in school work.

　　The Cranfield study found that mobile use was so common that many pupils chose to ignore school rules on phones.

　　More than a third said they would use their phones in class, while nearly three quarters said they would not even make an excuse to leave class to answer a phone call.

　　1. The underlined word “undermining” in the first paragraph can best be replaced by “________”．determining

　　B．keeping

　　C．weakening

　　D．increasing

　　2. It can be inferred from what Kakabadse said that ________．he is in favour of students' mobile phone usage at school

　　B．he believes schools are responsible for technology obsession

　　C．the research finds a new way to improve school management

　　D．it is hard to limit students' mobile phone usage at school

　　3. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．Most students' writing skills are becoming worse.

　　B．Text message language may affect pupils' language skills.

　　C．Students like to invent new words in their writing.

　　D．30% of pupils often send text messages when studying.

　　4. The passage is mainly about ________．the negative effect of technology on students' study

　　B．technology's positive influence on students' achievement

　　C．the importance of online social communication

　　D．the rapidly growing role of communication technologies

　　5. What's the attitude of the author to the problem?

　　A．Optimistic.

　　B．Approving.

　　C．Anxious.

　　D．Tolerant.

　　【参考答案解析】A

　　【要点综述】 使用互联网和手机的学生越来越多了。可是，科技不仅给学生们带来了便捷，也给他们的学习带来了很多不利影响。 　根据第二、三两段可知，靠照搬网上资料完成家庭作业，实际上是一种抄袭，会影响学生的独立学习能力。undermine是“逐渐损害，削弱”的意思，故此处选C。 　根据第六段第一句的“…with the majority making calls from the toilets.The mobile phone…the school day.”可推出，限制学生在学校使用手机是很困难的。　根据第七至九段可知，短信语言可能会给学生的语言技能带来不利影响。

　　　文章的第一段就点明了文章的大意“高科技的使用对孩子的学习有不好的影响。”故选A。　从文章的字里行间可以看出作者对学生使用高科技产品(诸如手机之类)持忧虑态度。故C。