2016届高考英语基础词汇解读：必修2module5newspapersandmagazines

　　Module 5

　　Newspapers and Magazines

　　Explanations for new words and phrases

　　1．orbit:

　　n. 轨道，势力范围。

　　vt. 绕……轨道而行

　　vi. 进入轨道，绕轨道飞行，盘旋Shenzhou V is in orbit around the earth. 神五在绕地球轨道飞行。

　　The moon orbits the earth. 月球绕地球转。The planet makes an orbit of the sun every year.

　　那颗行星每年绕太阳转一圈.

　　When he was orbiting in the capsule, he took photographs of planet earth.

　　当他在太空舱内绕地球飞行的时候，他拍了很多地球的照片。

　　make an orbit of … :

　　围绕…转圈飞船…。Yang was in space for twenty-one and a half hours and made 14 orbits of the earth. 杨…待了…，

　　light ：

　　n.

　　飞行飞翔。

　　a bird’s first flight from the nest 鸟儿离巢的第一次飞翔

　　in flight 在飞行中。

　　a bird in flight 飞翔中的鸟

　　n. 航班，班机；搭机航行He took the 10 o’clock flight to New York. 他乘10点的飞机去纽约。Did you have a good flight? 你这次飞机旅行愉快吗？

　　．When Yang landed, Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to offer his congratulations.

　　杨着陆时，温家宝总理打电话给测控中心表示了他的祝贺。congratulations

　　n. [常复数] 祝贺

　　congratulations to sb. on (doing) sth. 向某人致以…祝贺send/receive messages of congratulations

　　发送/收到祝贺信息

　　offer/send/give sb. one’s congratulations on/upon

　　因…向某人致以祝贺offer/send one’s congratulations to sb. on…

　　I send you my warmest congratulations on your success.

　　我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。Congratulations!

　　Congratulations to you on your success! 祝贺你成功了.

　　Congratulations!

　　祝贺你！

　　Congratulations on your success! 祝你成功！

　　congratulate

　　vt. 祝贺，向…致祝贺词

　　congratulate sb. on / upon sth. 为某事向某人祝贺

　　I congratulated him on his success.

　　We congratulated him on/upon passing the driving test.

　　Many people come here to congratulate you on your success. 很多人来祝贺你成功。

　　辨析celebrate和congratulate

　　celebrate表示庆祝某事，后接某事； congratulate 表示(为某事)祝贺某人congratulate sb. on sth.

　　Everyone sent their congratulations to Du Li on her winning the first gold medal in the 2004 Olympic games.

　　大家都对杜丽表示了祝贺。祝贺她在2004年奥运会上赢得第一枚金牌。

　　They ____ us on getting married.

　　A. congratulated

　　B. celebrated

　　C. praised

　　D. admired

　　The three sisters decided to hold a family party to ____ their parents’ silver wedding.

　　A. celebrate

　　B. memorize

　　C. congratulate

　　D.welcome

　　4．aboard： prep./adv.

　　在/到上船（飞机/火车/公车）上  （区别：abroad在/到国外）There were too many people aboard the train. 太多人登上了火车。

　　It is time to go aboard.

　　该上船了！（飞机、火车、公车）

　　go aboard (the ship/plane)

　　上船/飞机

　　go abroad

　　出国

　　Please go aboard the ship quickly. There’s only 10 minutes left.

　　They were the last twothe ship. 他们是最后两位上船的。： . 欢迎/迎接，乐于接受

　　adj. 受欢迎的

　　n. 欢迎

　　int. 欢迎

　　导学P56-9

　　6．historical： . 历史（性/学）的

　　导学P56-10

　　7．achievement： . 成就/成绩/功业/伟绩；达到完成Scientific/artistic achievements科学/艺术成就

　　outstanding/great achievement 丰功伟绩

　　Altogether, our achievements are very great.

　　总而言之，我们的成绩是很大的。

　　Such a goal is impossible of achievement.

　　这样的一个目标是不可能完成的。replace sb.(sth.) = take the place of sb.(sth.) = take one’s place

　　代替/取代某人/物

　　replace sb./sth. with / by

　　用…代替…

　　replace sb. as 作为…代替某人

　　in place of 代替 = instead of (用…)代替…, (是…)而不是…，（用…）而不用… 。在句中做状语religious belief 宗教信仰moral belief 道德信念a look of disbelief  怀疑的目光He listened to this extraordinary story in/with disbelief. 他满腹疑惑地听着这个离奇的故事。I was dumb with disbelief.

　　 难以置信，我一时说不上话来He looked at her in disbelief. 

　　他疑惑地看着她。

　　． found： vt.

　　建立，成立

　　The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1948. 中华人民共和国成立于1948年。

　　They founded an organization where they always get together. 在经常聚会的地方成立了一个组织。

　　The Sun, founded in 1964, is the most successful of the popular newspapers.

　　成立于1964年的太阳报是名人报纸的中最成功的报纸。制作创作生产产生出产出示提供引起导致n.

　　产品, 农产品He produced three short plays between May and July. 他从五月到七月创作了三部短剧。

　　That is an oil well that no longer produces.

　　那是一口不再出油的井。

　　However, this failed to produce the desired effect. 但是这并没有产生预期的效果。

　　He produced his railway ticket when asked to do so. 当验票时, 他出示了火车票。

　　Hard work produces success. 努力工作就会成功。

　　Jimmy's jokes produced a great deal of laughter. 吉米的笑话逗得人们哈哈大笑。

　　This is all locally grown produce. 这都是本地农产品。The company markets its new produce. 该公司出售它的新产品．In total, these astronauts have spent more than 26 000 days in space. 宇航员共在太空中度过26 000天。

　　= In all, these astronauts have stayed in space for over 26,000 days.

　　total n. [C] 总数Out of a total 15 games, they only won 2. 总共15场比赛中， 他们只胜了2场。

　　The total of the cost is 800 yuan. 花费总数是800元。

　　adj. 总计的，全体的What’s the total population of the city? 这个城市的人口总数四多少？

　　vt. 共计Each student’s marks were totaled and entered in a list.每个学生的总分都已算出并列入表中。

　　in total = in all = totally 总共总计

　　There are more than fifty students in total in our class. 共有50多学生。

　　H expenses are 7000 yuan in total. 他的花费总计7000元。In total, it will cost us 30,000 dollars. = It will cost us 30,000 dollars in total.

　　a total of 总共……He lifted a total of 262.5 kilograms. 他举起的总成绩是262.5公斤That makes a total of $665. 总计是655美元。His expenses has reached a total of 7000 yuan. 他的花费总计7000元。total up算出总数total up to 合计。

　　It totals up to $16. 总计16美元。

　　spend 度过，花费。

　　spend. . . on sth. / in doing sth.

　　花费……在某物/做某事

　　She spent a lot of money on clothes. 她在穿着上花了很多钱。

　　You shouldn’t spend so much time on useless things. 你不该花这么多的时间在无用的事情上。

　　Last year, he spent much time in traveling.

　　去年他花了很多时间在旅游上。

　　① The Chinese athletes won 51 gold medals _____ at the Beijing Olympic Games.

　　A. in total

　　B. at all

　　C. as a result

　　D. in a word

　　② _____200 students went for picnic, ______some from No.1 middle school.

　　A. Totally; includes

　　B. In total; included

　　C. Total; including

　　D. In total; including

　　2．Now that I have made this first visit, I hope I can come many more times. = Since I have come for the first time, I believe I can come often.既然已经有了第一次，那么我希望将来能常来。

　　now thatconj. = since： 既然（引导让步状语从句）; 由于（引导原因状语从句）

　　Now that you know the result already, then why don’t you tell me earlier, otherwise, I won’t fell so depressed on hearing that 你既已知这个结果，为不早告诉我，那样的话，我不会听到就这么伤心的。

　　Now that we have won the game, we don’t have to train every day.

　　既然我们已经胜利，我们就没有必要整天训练了。

　　Now that kids have left home, we’ve got a lot of extra space. 孩子离开家，我们住着更宽绰了。

　　Now that a lot of people can make mistakes in life, you’ll better give him a chance.

　　既然许多人在生活中都可以犯错误，你最好给他一次机会。

　　Now that I’ve seen how he lives, I know why he needs so much money.看过了他的生活状况,我现在才知道他为什么需要那么多钱。

　　now短语归纳:and now那么；且now and then有时right now立即；马上

　　by now到现在from now on从现在起up to now直到现在

　　You don’t believe in aliens, do you? = You don’t feel certain that aliens exist, do you?不信有外星人是吗believe

　　vt.

　　相信，信任；认为believe sb = believe what sb says

　　导学P62-6

　　I don’t believe you. 我不相信你的话。I believe she has come. 我想她已经到了。I don’t believe a word of it! 一点也不信. Don’t believe whatever he says. 不要信他说的任何话。

　　believe in 相信，信仰You should believe in yourself at any time. 什么时候你都应该相信自己。

　　believe in sb/ sth

　　相信某人某物的存在I don’t believe in ghosts.

　　我不相信有鬼。

　　We believe in free speech. 我们信奉言论自由。

　　Do you believe in God? 你信仰上帝吗?

　　Whatever// no matter what he says, don’t believe in him. 不管他说什么，不要信任他辨析： believe sb.

　　相信某人的话。believe in sb 信任（信赖）某人侧重“对一个人的信任”, 宾语一般为表示人或团体的名词；

　　I believe him, but I don’t believe in him.我相信他的话，但不信任他。

　　Though I ________ him yesterday, I don’t ________ him.A. believed; believed in

　　B. believed; believe in

　　C. believed in; believed

　　D. believed in; believed in

　　4．be similar to 和……相似to是个介词，后面须跟名词或代词。

　　My problems are very similar to yours. 我的问题和你的差不多。

　　be similar in 在……相似be similar in content  内容相仿They are similar in appearance. 他们在外貌上相似。

　　. play a part in… 在…中扮演角色，起作用 take part in… 参加

　　. work on…

　　从事

　　. land safely

　　安全着陆

　　. in space

　　在太空中

　　. take off

　　起飞；脱下；请假；（事业）腾飞

　　. (thousands and) thousands of people

　　成千上万的人

　　. look through the telescope

　　透过望远镜看过去

　　. a five-day visit to China

　　对中国为期五天的访问

　　. get out of…

　　从…中出来

　　. come on

　　来，快点，得了吧

　　. at the start/beginning of…

　　在…开始

　　2. more or less

　　或多或少

　　. divide…into…

　　把…分成…

　　be divided into……被分成（把整体分成部分）

　　. concentrate (one’s attention) on/upon…

　　全神贯注于…

　　. all over the country

　　遍及全国

　　. daily newspaper 日报home news 国内资讯international news 国际资讯

　　. This was because…

　　这是因为…

　　. It is a crazy idea.

　　真是个荒唐的想法.

　　. You must be joking!

　　你一定是在开玩笑吧.

　　You can’t be serious. 你不可能当真.

　　. When Yang took off form Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday, China became the third nation to send a man into space.

　　昨天晚上九点，杨利伟在中国西北部的酒泉起飞，中国成为世界上第三个把人送入太空的国家。

　　. Yang is the 431th person to travel in space, including astronauts from 32 countries.

　　在来自32个国家的宇航员中，杨是第431位太空旅行者。

　　. Lu, whose parents were born in China, spoke to Yang in Chinese during his flight.

　　卢的父母在中国出生，他用中文与飞行员杨利伟交谈。

　　23. In total, these astronauts have spent more than 26,000 days in space.

　　这些宇航员总共在太空呆了26000天。

　　. Kofi Annan called the flight a step forward for the whole world.

　　联合国安南称这次飞行是全世界的一个进步。

　　. Newspapers in Britain can be divided into the quality press and the popular press.

　　英国的报纸可以被分成严肃性报刊和通俗性报刊。. Around four million people read it every day and it sells more than any other daily newspaper.

　　大约400万人每天读他并且它比任何其他的日报卖得都要好。. Since// Now that I have made this first visit, 51. I hope I can come many more times.

　　既然这是我第一次参观，我希望能再多来几次。

　　. Could I possibly have your autograph on my arm?

　　能请您在我的胳膊上签个名吗？

　　. The book whose cover is white belongs to me.

　　那本封皮是白色的书是属于我的。

　　. His parents won’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor.

　　他的父母不会让他和任何家庭贫困的人结婚.

　　. He is always the first to come and the last to leave.

　　他总是第一个来，最后一个走。

　　. I have no room to live in.

　　我没有屋子住。

　　. You can never be too careful while (you are) crossing the road.

　　过马路时，你怎么仔细都不过分。