2016届高考英语基础词汇解读：必修1module3myfirstrideonatrain

　　Module 3

　　Explanations for new words

　　1. distance

　　n.

　　an amount of space between two things or people, two points or places距离，间距you may have to walk long distances. 你可能得走很长的距离。There has been a great distance between us since our quarrel.

　　【短语】：at (from) a distance 在/从远处in the distance 在远处

　　At a distance of six miles you can’t see much.

　　We can see the ancient ruins in the distance.

　　The picture looks better at a distance.这图远看更佳。They saw a few houses in the distance.看到远处有房子。keep one’s distance (from sb/sth);

　　keep sb/sth at a 'distance 与……保持一定距离

　　= not be too friendly or familiar with sb/sth 对…冷淡；同…疏远；与…保持一定距离Keep your distance from him. 不要和他太亲近。The dog looked dangerous, so I decided to ___ from it.

　　答案: A

　　A. keep my distance

　　B. stay

　　C. keep a distance

　　D. keep my distant

　　Her father advised her to keep ______from that fellow.答案: A

　　keep away from 远离;

　　A.away

　　B.distance

　　C./

　　D.out

　　distance前要有“her”; out后接介词of。

　　distant

　　adj.

　　“遥far away in space or time

　　Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a distant nod.

　　You can hear the distant sound of the bell in the temple.

　　2. abandon vt. give up completely (a course of action, practice, or way of thinking)完全放弃(行动/做/想法)

　　a放弃；弃绝；绝望；断念 He abandoned all hope.他放弃一切希望。He abandoned the idea.放弃注意。abandon one’s country 背弃祖国

　　abandon one’s friend 背弃朋友The man shamelessly abandoned his wife and child for another woman.无耻地抛弃了妻儿另觅新欢。

　　discontinue (a scheduled event) before completion

　　中止Fans invaded the pitch and the match was abandoned. 球迷冲进球场，比赛被迫终止。cease to support or look after (someone); desert

　　不再抚养（某人），遗弃Her natural mother had abandoned her at an early age. 她的生母在她很小的时候就遗弃了她。After his mother died, he abandoned himself to grief.

　　他母亲死后，他悲伤不已。

　　abandoned

　　adj.被遗弃的They set up an organization to adopt abandoned children.建立机构收养被遗弃孩子。

　　3. product

　　n.

　　a substance produced during a natural, chemical, or manufacturing process

　　(自然的产物；物产的产品’s main product. 咖啡是巴西的主要产品。

　　They came here in search of new markets for their products.他们来此为他们的产品寻找新市场。

　　an article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale（经加工可出售的）作品；Farm products are the chief exports of the country.

　　This novel is the product of ten years of labour.

　　（2) produce不可数名词, 指一切农产品、天然产品。不加冠词,不用复数。还可作动词表“生产”使用。

　　We can buy farm produce on the market.

　　（3) production为抽象不可数名词, 指生产的行为、产量。 指文学艺术作品时可数，如戏剧、电影等。

　　Production has increased in the last ten years.近十年产量得到了提高。

　　This book is one of the writer’s latest productions.

　　选词填空__ product __of ten years of labour.

　　(2) The field __ produce __is shipped by train to other parts of the country.

　　(3) Some people don’t believe that advertising can increase _ production _.

　　(4) Farm __ products __are the chief exports of the country.

　　(5) This book is one of the writer’s latest __ productions __.

　　4. scenery

　　n. the natural features of a landscape considered in terms of their appearance风景;景色I stop to admire the scenery.

　　我停下来欣赏风景。指某地区总的自然景观，不指特别的风景。 指展现在眼前的景象是scenery的一部分；另外可指事故现场__ scene __.

　　(2) He stopped to appreciate the beautiful __ scenery __.

　　5. shoot

　　vt. (shot,shot)

　　kill or wound (a person or animal) with a bullet or arrow 射死射伤’t shoot it.

　　他向一只熊射击，但是没射中。

　　Tom shot at the strange dog but shot his own.

　　汤姆向那只陌生的狗射击,但却把自己的(狗)打死了。

　　短语： shoot down

　　击落；坚决拒绝 　shoot out

　　抛出；射出；（突然）伸出

　　shoot up 急升，暴涨 　shoot at 向……开枪，射击

　　— The eagle is dead. Who ______it?

　　— We all ______it just now. So it’s hard to tell who did it.

　　A.shot at; shot

　　B.shot; shot C.shot; shot at

　　D.shot at; shot at 答案:C

　　改错an act of travelling from one place to another 旅行，出行’s a three days’ journey on horseback from here to there.从这儿到那儿骑马得走三天。

　　Did you have a good journey? 你一路上顺利吗？she went on a long journey.她出发作长途旅行。your journey through life.你的人生征程。I don't envy your journey in this bad weather. 不羡慕在恶劣天气里旅行。We travelled thousands of miles. 我们旅行了几千英里。强调路上所花时间和路程He often makes a round trip to the hospital alone常一人往返医院tour 强调旅行一周再转回原出发地 a round – the – world tour 环球旅行

　　travel 无直达目的地之意，指不同方向的旅行 write an account of one’s travels写一部游记

　　trip 指休闲或因商的短途旅行 a trip to the seaside 海滨之行

　　voyage 强调较远距离的水上、空中旅行 make a voyage across the Atlantic

　　(1) He came home after years of ______. A.trip

　　B.travelC.journey

　　D.voyage答案:B

　　(2) He loves sea and he dreams of going on a ______ around the world.

　　A.tripB.travelC.journeyD.voyage答案:D

　　7. train

　　v.

　　teach (a person or animal) a particular skill or type of behaviour through practice and instruction over a period of time 训练，培养

　　She is training to be a doctor.

　　They trained the soldiers to fight. 他们训练士兵打仗。They trained him as an engineer. 他们把他培养成一名工程师。make (someone) afraid or anxious 使吃惊; 惊吓；使惊慌，使惧怕

　　Don't frighten me. He is telling the truth. 不要吓我, 他说的是真的。Sorry，I didn’t mean to frighten you.对不起，我不是故意吓唬你的。She was frightened to ride a bike.她不敢骑自行车。I was frightened that he might cut himself. 我怕他会伤了自己。【拓展】 frighten sb. into doing sth.frighten sb. out of doing sth.

　　吓唬某人不去做某事

　　They frightened him into telling them the secret.

　　他们恐吓他以使他说出秘密。He was frightened into holding his tongue. 他吓得不敢往下说了。The child was frightened out of speaking.

　　那孩子被吓得一声不吭。；令别人害怕的受惊的；怕的frightful adj.令人害怕的______look. It seems______ as if he had met a tiger.答案: A

　　A.frightened; frightening

　　B.frightening; frightened

　　从他恐惧的神情看情况似乎令人惊吓,

　　C.frightened; frightened

　　D.frightening; frightening

　　好像是他遇到了老虎。

　　9. interview

　　v.

　　meeting at which sb.is asked questions to find out if he is suitable 面试，面谈

　　Applicants will be called for interview in due course.申请者将于适当时候获邀约面谈。I'm interviewing all this afternoon. 整个下午, 我都要进行面试。nterviewer

　　n. “主持面试者；(面试时的)主考官，面谈者”。interviewee

　　n. “被面试者”。 大事a thing that happens or takes place, especially one of importance

　　Next day the newspapers reported the event.

　　第二天, 报纸报道了这个事件。

　　The first day at school is a big event in a child’s life.第一天上学在孩子的一生中是件大事。

　　Winning the scholarship was a great event in the boy’s life. 赢奖学金是这男孩一生中的一大事

　　运动项目

　　each of several particular contests making up a sports competition

　　

　　Some 2000 athletes competed in 20 events.

　　约2000名运动员参加了20个项目的比赛。____.

　　A.events

　　B.affairs C.incidents

　　D.accidents

　　答案: B

　　Recently CCTV station has taken great__to make a program that reviews the important__of the past 20 years.

　　A.steps;affairs　drain (someone) of their physical or mental resources; tire out

　　My father is completely exhausted.

　　我父亲精疲力竭。 I’m exhausted! 我累极了。use up (resources or reserves) completely

　　He has exhausted his supply of water.他已耗尽了全部供水。

　　exhausted

　　adj. 疲惫不堪的，筋疲力尽的drained of one's physical or mental resources; very tiredbe exhausted from/by 由于某事而筋皮力竭的be tired from　由于某事而感到累的

　　We were exhausted by the climb up the hill.我们因爬上那座小山而精疲力竭。 

　　exhausting

　　adj.令人疲惫的，使人精疲力竭的a really exhausting day 令人精疲力竭的一天______.

　　A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.being exhaustedD.having exhausted答案: B

　　12、get on (使)登上公共汽车(或火车等)；(使)骑上自行车(或马等)Before you can learn to ride a horse, you have to be able get on it.你要学会骑马，必须先会上马。穿上(衣服等)；戴上(帽子等)；盖上(盖子等) Get on your rubbers, we have to go out in the rain.

　　穿上你的胶鞋，我们必须在雨天外出。13、get offExcuse me, I have to get off at the next stop. 劳驾，我在下站下车。

　　b(使)离开；(使)动身

　　We have to get off early tomorrow.

　　我们明天一早必须动身。

　　c (从…)脱下(衣服等)；拿开(某物)

　　Her finger had swollen so much that she couldn't get her ring off.

　　她的手指肿得很厉害，连戒指都取不下来了。

　　get about 四处走动

　　get back 回来，取回，继续

　　get behind 落后

　　get down to 开始做

　　get out 出去/走开，逃离，泄露，从…下来，出版/发行，解决/答出

　　get together 相聚，聚集

　　get on 上车

　　get around 传播

　　get over 爬过；克服；熬过

　　get in 进入；收获；收（税等）

　　get along / on (with) 相处；进展

　　get away 逃离，离开

　　get rid of 除掉，摆脱

　　get through 通过；做完；看完

　　get up 起床，起身

　　14、… 是……的缩写

　　Alex can be short for Alexander.

　　Alex 是Alexander 的缩写。

　　be short of = lack 缺乏/短少

　　to be short 简单的说/简言之

　　in short 简言之/总之

　　for short 简略为/缩写

　　15. not...any more = no more 不再

　　链接：not … any more = no more

　　not … any longer = no longer

　　辨析：not...any more 表示次数不再继续；而 not ...any longer 表示时间不再继续。

　　如： She didn't cry any more.

　　他哭了好几次，他不再哭了。

　　He couldn't wait any longer.

　　他等了很久，不能再等了。

　　16. out of date 过时的；老式的；过期的　

　　Your idea has gone out of date.观念已过时了。

　　Will jeans ever go out of date? 牛仔裤会过时吗?

　　up to date 时兴的, 现代化的；最新式的

　　All the data are up to date.所有的数据都是最新的。

　　短语： have a date with 和…有约会

　　　date back to/from可以追溯到……

　　This site is ___ and has been taken down.

　　A. out of day

　　B. out of time

　　C. out of date

　　D. up to date

　　提示: 句意:这个网站已过时,被取消了。out of fashion指时尚;而此处是指网站已过时。答案:C