2016高考英语考纲解读及热点演练：10 状语从句

　　状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句，共9种，是每年必考的语法项目，主要考查连词的判断选用，主句与从句谓语动词的时态运用。其中，以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。近几年，重点考查的连词有：when，while，as，before，unless，however等。近三年，高考有考查状语从句、宾语从句、名词性从句交叉运用的题型出现。

　　1．(2016·北京，30)I took my driving license with me on holiday，________I wanted to hire a car.

　　A．in case

　　B．even if

　　C．ever since

　　D．if only

　　2．(2016·湖南，23)You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason________you reach any decision.

　　A．although

　　B．before

　　C．because

　　D．unless

　　3．(2016·江苏，28)In the global economy，a new drug for cancer，________it is discovered，will create many economic possibilities around the world.

　　A．whatever　

　　B．whoever

　　C．wherever

　　D．whichever

　　4．(2016·江西，28)She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.

　　A．if

　　B．unless

　　C．after

　　D．when

　　5．(2016·辽宁，24)One can always manage to do more things，no matter________full one's schedule is in life.

　　A．how

　　B．what

　　C．when

　　D．where

　　6．(2016·山东，26)Mark needs to learn Chinese________his company is opening a branch in Beijing.

　　A．unless

　　B．until

　　C．although

　　D．since

　　7．(2016·山东，28)________I have to give a speech，I get extremely nervous before I start.

　　A．Whatever

　　B．Whenever

　　C．Whoever

　　D．However

　　8．(2016·陕西，18)I have heard a lot of good things about you ________ I came back from abroad.

　　A．since

　　B．until

　　C．before

　　D．when

　　9．(2016·四川，7)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son________he wants to.

　　A．even if

　　B．as if

　　C．because

　　D．before

　　10．(2016·重庆，25)________ we have enough evidence，we can't win the case.

　　A．Once

　　B．As long as

　　C．Unless

　　D．Since

　　考点1、时间状语从句

　　【例1】 He smiled politely ________ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.

　　A．as

　　B．if

　　C．unless

　　D．though

　　【例2】 He had no sooner finished his speech________ the students started cheering.

　　A．since

　　B．as

　　C．when

　　D．than

　　【例3】 I'm sorry you've been waiting so long，but it'll still be some time ________ Brian gets back.

　　A．before

　　B．since

　　C．till

　　D．after

　　1．before的译法

　　before的基本意义是“在……之前”，但在不同的语境中可灵活翻译为“(没过多久)就……”，“(过多久)才……”，“还没来得及……就……”，“趁……(还没有)时”。例如：

　　It won't be long before the problem is solved.

　　用不了多久这个问题就能解决。

　　It was two years before we met again.

　　我们两年后才再次见面。

　　She shut the door before I could say a word.

　　我还没来得及说句话，她就把门关上了。

　　We have to act quickly before things become worse.

　　我们必须趁事态还没恶化时尽快采取行动。

　　2．可引导时间状语从句的名词词组及副词

　　名词词组the moment，the instant，the minute，the first time，each time，every time等以及副词immediately，instantly等也可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。例如：

　　I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

　　第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很不好。

　　The fans cheered loudly the moment their favourite singer appeared on stage.

　　喜欢的歌手一上台，歌迷们就大声欢呼。

　　I'll inform you immediately there's any change.

　　如果情况有变，我会马上通知你。　

　　【例4】 —Since you like the car so much，why not buy it?

　　—________，I can't afford it.

　　A．As I like it much

　　B．Much as I like it

　　C．I like it as much

　　D．As much I like it

　　【例5】 ________ hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.

　　A．However

　　B．Whatever

　　C．Whichever

　　D．Whenever

　　【例6】 ________ volleyball is her main focus，she's also great at basketball.

　　A．Since

　　B．Once

　　C．Unless

　　D．While

　　【特别提醒】

　　as引导的让步状语从句

　　as引导让步状语从句时，要把作表语的形容词、名词，作状语的副词或谓语的一部分提到句首，如果是单数名词作表语，把它提到句首时，其前不用冠词。具体分为以下几类：

　　1“名词＋as＋主语＋其他”构成让步状语从句，单数名词前不加冠词。如：

　　Scientist as he is，he is still as modest as before.不能用although，scientist前不用冠词

　　2“动词＋as＋主语＋其他”构成让步状语从句。如：

　　Struggle as he might，he was not able to get out.不能用although

　　3“形容词＋as＋主语＋其他”构成让步状语从句。如：

　　Crazy as his ideas may sound，some people think there is something in them.不能用although

　　4“副词＋as＋主语＋谓语”构成让步状语从句。如：

　　Much as I have traveled，I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.不能用although

　　【例】 I have a tight budget for the trip，so I'm not going to fly ________ the airlines lower ticket prices.

　　A．once

　　B．if

　　C．after

　　D．unless

　　【例】 One's life has value ________ one brings value to the life of others.

　　A．so that

　　B．no matter how

　　C．as long as

　　D．except that

　　【例】 You can borrow my car ________ you promise not to drive too fast.

　　A．unless

　　B．even if

　　C．in case

　　D．as long as

　　1．条件状语从句的引导词

　　引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if“如果”，unless“如果不，除非”，so/as long as“只要”，on condition that“只要，条件是”，providing/provided(that)“假如”，in case(that)“如果”。

　　注意：条件状语从句中的if不能用whether替换。

　　2．if only与only if之间的区别

　　(1)if only意为“但愿，要是……就好了”，其后常用虚拟语气。

　　If only he had followed the doctor's advice，he would not suffer so much now.

　　(2)only if意为“只要，只有”引导真实条件句。置于句首时，其后的主句要用部分倒装语序。

　　Only if you finish your work before nine can you go out to play.　

　　【例】 A number of high buildings have arisen ________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A．when

　　B．where

　　C．before

　　D．until

　　【例】 Leave your key with your neighbor ________ you lock yourself out one day.

　　A．as long as

　　B．even though

　　C．in case

　　D．as if

　　【例】 —Did you return Fred's call?

　　—I didn't need to ________ I'll see him tomorrow.

　　A．though

　　B．unless

　　C．when

　　D．because

　　【例】 Jack wasn't saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him ________ he had done something very clever.

　　A．as if

　　B．in case

　　C．while

　　D．thought

　　【例】 I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day，________ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.

　　A．as

　　B．which

　　C．when

　　D．though

　　1．原因状语从句通常由because，since，as，now that，seeing(that)，considering that等引导。

　　Now that you have grown up，you must do it by yourself.既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。

　　Considering that I have told you three times，you must know it.鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你一定知道它。

　　2．so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别：引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语部分常有情态动词can，may，could等；引导结果状语从句时，从句的谓语部分一般没有情态动词。例如：

　　We got up early so that we could catch the train.

　　我们起得早，以便能赶上火车。(表目的)

　　We got up early so that we caught the train.

　　我们起得早，结果赶上了火车。(表结果)1．In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help ________ there is human suffering.

　　A．whoever

　　B．however

　　C．whatever

　　D．wherever

　　2．If you are traveling ________ the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do.

　　A．in which

　　B．what

　　C．when

　　D．where

　　3．________，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.

　　A．A quiet student as he may be

　　B．Quiet student as he may be

　　C．Be a quiet student as he may

　　D．Quiet as he may be a student

　　4．A man cannot smile like a child，________ a child smiles with his eyes，while a man smiles with his lips alone.

　　A．so

　　B．but

　　C．and

　　D．for

　　5．Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，________ they knew it to be valuable.

　　A．as if

　　B．now that

　　C．even though

　　D．so that

　　6．—Where's that report?

　　—I brought it to you ________ you were in Mr.Black's office yesterday.

　　A．if

　　B．when

　　C．because

　　D．before

　　7．The village has developed a lot ________ we learned farming two years ago.

　　A．when

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．where

　　8．________ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.

　　A．Since

　　B．Unless

　　C．As

　　D．Although

　　9．________ I really don't like art, I find his work impressive.

　　A．As

　　B．Since

　　C．If

　　D．While

　　10．________ hard one may work, one cannot master a foreign language in a month or two.

　　A．Whenever

　　B．Wherever

　　C．Whatever

　　D．However