2016高考英语考纲解读及热点演练：5 连词与介词

　　历年高考题中至少有一道题要考到连词或介词。介词的考查形式多样，除了单纯考查介词外，还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外，在定语从句中，也常考查“介词＋关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高，如with，beyond。连词考查较多的有：but和while，“祈使句＋and/or＋并列句”中的and和or；另外，for作为并列连词的用法也是一考点。

　　1．(2016·安徽，22)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library________a book about it.　

　　A．on

　　B．at

　　C．for

　　D．to

　　2．(2016·福建，29)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to.

　　A．in the way

　　B．on watch

　　C．in sight

　　D．on the line

　　3．(2016·湖北，30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered________a long lost antique Greek vase.

　　A．at random

　　B．by chance

　　C．in turn

　　D．on occasion

　　4．(2016·江苏，16)I am always delighted when I receive an e－mail from you.________the party on July 1st，I shall be pleased to attend.

　　A．On account of

　　B．In response to

　　C．In view of

　　D．With regard to

　　5．(2016·辽宁，25)________everyone here，I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.

　　A．By means of

　　B．On behalf of

　　C．In search of

　　D．For fear of

　　6．(2016·北京，26)I have an appointment ________ Dr.Smith, but I need to change it.

　　A．to

　　B．off

　　C．with

　　D．from

　　7．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，11)A serious study of physics is impossible________some knowledge of mathematics.

　　A．against

　　B．before

　　C．beyond

　　D．without

　　8．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，34)It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.

　　A．over

　　B．by

　　C．for

　　D．against

　　9．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，32)There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery________another man，also intelligent，fails.

　　A．since

　　B．if

　　C．as

　　D．while

　　10．(2016·重庆，23)It's not easy to change habits，________ with awareness and self－control，it is possible.

　　A．for

　　B．or

　　C．but

　　D．so

　　考点1、介词的普通用法

　　【例1】 Four Chinese models were ________ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.　

　　A．among

　　B．between

　　C．along

　　D．beside

　　【例2】 He invited me to a dance after the show ________ Christmas Eve.

　　A．at

　　B．on

　　C．in

　　D．by

　　【例3】 Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.

　　A．of

　　B．as

　　C．by

　　D．with

　　【例4】 ________ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious, the government is searching for ways to improve people's life.

　　A．As

　　B．With

　　C．When

　　D．If

　　【特别提醒】介词with的用法主要有

　　1．表示“和……在一起”，“由……陪同”或“有……在场”

　　The students went to the farm with their teachers.

　　学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。

　　2．表示“随着……”

　　With time passing, they have grown into big boys and big girls.

　　随着时间的流逝，他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。

　　3．with后面加复合宾语，说明附带情况

　　He likes to sleep with the windows open.

　　他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。

　　4．表示“具有；带有；包括……在内”

　　China is a country with a long history.

　　中国是个历史悠久的国家。

　　5．表示原因或理由

　　The little girl was trembling with fear.

　　这个小女孩吓得发抖。　

　　考点二、介词短语

　　【例5】 When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.

　　A．in terms of

　　B．in need of

　　C．in favor of

　　D．in praise of

　　【例6】 More and more high－rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.

　　A．in search of

　　B．in place of

　　C．for lack of

　　D．for fear of

　　【例7】We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and ________， dogs give us their all.

　　A．in all

　　B．in fact

　　C．in short

　　D．in return

　　【特别提醒】

　　1．动词＋介词

　　account for说明　agree on对……达成协议　begin with以……开始　come across碰见　go into调查　keep from阻止　look for寻找　stand for代表　agree with 同意(某人意见)　answer for对……负责　wait for等待　decide on对……作出决定　head for向……前进　live on靠……生活　look into调查　stick to坚持　agree to同意(某种安排等)　aim at针对　call for要求　get into进入　hear from接到……的信、电话　look after照顾　run into碰到　wait on招待

　　2．动词＋副词＋介词

　　add up to合计达……　come up with提出　get on with与……相处融洽　look down upon看不起　look up to敬仰(某人)　put up with忍受　come up against遭到反对　do away with废除　keep up with跟上　look forward to盼望　make up for弥补　stand out for坚决要求　come up to达到　get down to开始认真考虑　live up to不辜负(期望)　look out for当心　run out of用完　stick out for坚持要求

　　3．动词＋名词＋介词

　　catch sight of突然看见　make room for为……腾出地方　take pride in以……为荣　make friends with和……交朋友　pay attention to注意　show interest in对……感兴趣　make fun of取笑　take care of照顾　take part in参加　

　　难点1、含有介词的短语

　　【例1】 We hadn't planned to meet.We met ________ chance.

　　A．of

　　B．in

　　C．for

　　D．by

　　【例2】 His efforts to raise money for his program were ________ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.

　　A．in place

　　B．in sight

　　C．in effect

　　D．in vain

　　【例3】 I would like a job which pays more，but ________ I enjoy the work I'm doing at the moment.

　　A．in other words

　　B．on the other hand

　　C．for one thing

　　D．as a matter of fact

　　【特别提醒】揭密常考的介词短语

　　1．含有at的短语,at a time一次　at least至少　at the same time同时at all costs不惜一切代价　at most至多　at times有时候　at first最初　at once立即　at will任意地　at last最后　at present目前　at work起作用

　　2．含有by的短语,by accident偶然　by day/night白天/夜间　by heart能背诵　by turns轮流　by birth出身　by no means绝不,by chance偶然　by mistake错误地　by the way顺便说一下　by chance偶然　by mistake错误地　by the way顺便说一下

　　3．含有in的短语,in a sense从某种意义上说　in case假使　in fact实际上,in one's opinion在某人看来　in other words换句话说　in short总之　in the long run从长远来看　in advance事先　in store必将发生　in general一般说来　in no time立刻　in public公开地　in vain徒劳　in time及时,in the meantime同时　in danger处于危险中　in turn轮流　in order井井有条　in return作为回报　in the end最后　in all总共

　　4．含有on的短语,on average平均　on foot步行　on sale在出售　on the way在途中　on business出差　on holiday在休假　on strike罢工　on time准时　on duty值日　on behalf of代表　on the contrary相反　on the spot当场　on fire着火　on purpose故意地　on the other hand另一方面

　　5．含有out of的短语,out of breath气喘吁吁　out of date过时　out of order发生故障　out of patience失去耐心　out of work失业,out of control失去控制　out of doors 在户外　out of question毫无疑问　out of reach拿不到　out of the question不可能　out of danger脱险　out of fashion不合时尚　out of luck倒霉　out of shape变形　out of touch失去联系

　　难点2.并列连词

　　【例4】 Find ways to praise your children often，________ you'll find they will open their hearts to you.

　　A．till

　　B．or

　　C．and

　　D．but

　　【例5】 They wanted to charge $5,000 for the car, ________we managed to bring the price down.

　　A．but

　　B．so

　　C．when

　　D．since

　　【例6】 In some places women are expected to earn money ________ men work at home and raise their children.

　　A．but

　　B．while

　　C．because

　　D．though

　　【例7】 John plays basketball well，________ his favorite is badminton.

　　A．so

　　B．or

　　C．yet

　　D．for

　　【例8】 He found it increasingly difficult to read，________ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

　　A．though

　　B．for

　　C．but

　　D．so

　　【例9】 Stand over there ________ you'll be able to see the oil painting better.

　　A．but

　　B．till

　　C．and

　　D．or

　　【特别提醒】做并列连词的when和while

　　(1)when还可用作并列连词，其意思为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：①sb was doing sth when...②sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when...③sb had just done sth when...如：

　　(2)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。如：

　　He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.

　　他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。　

　　1．Some people do as they please ________ what the result will be.

　　A．instead of

　　B．regardless of

　　C．in memory of

　　D．in place of

　　2．She is ________ a growing number of Chinese people who are finding it increasingly difficult to find the time to read each day.

　　A．between

　　B．among

　　C．during

　　D．through

　　3．I know nothing about the young lady ________ she has just come back from Great Britain and got a doctor's degree.

　　A．except

　　B．except for

　　C．except that

　　D．besides

　　4．Guangdong lies ________ the south of China and Fujian is ________ the east of Guangdong.Hainan is ________ the coast of the mainland.

　　A．in；in；on

　　B．in；on；off

　　C．on；to；on

　　D．in；to；away

　　5．Our company has arranged me to go on a business trip to Shenzhen next week，but I will drop in on my friend in Guangzhou first.In other words，I will go to Shenzhen ________ Guangzhou.

　　A．by the way of

　　B．on the way of

　　C．by way of

　　D．by the way

　　6．In Hangzhou，Mr.Black was so struck ________ the beauty of nature that he stayed ________ another night.

　　A．at；on

　　B．with；at

　　C．for；in

　　D．by；for

　　7．Wuhan and Chongqing are among the most important cities in China ________ their size and population.

　　A．in terms of

　　B．in case of

　　C．in view of

　　D．in favor of

　　8．His best－known painting that is ________ all praise will be on show in the National Gallery early next month.

　　A．without

　　B．within

　　C．over

　　D．beyond

　　9．—What do you want to do ________ those old boxes?

　　—To put things in when I move to the new flat.

　　A．by

　　B．for

　　C．of

　　D．with

　　10．The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200.This means it has risen ________ 20 percent.

　　A．at

　　B．by

　　C．to

　　D．with