安徽省明光英普辅导中心高考英语一轮总复习课件：Unit12《CultureShock》

　　4．This kind of food product is natural, with no ________ flavors added. A. accurate

　　B. regular C. sensitive

　　D. artificial 答案与解析：D　artificial人造的；regular有规律的；accurate精确的；sensitive敏感的。句意：这种食品是天然的，没有添加人造香料。 5．—I suppose you need more people to do the work. —Don't you know “three helping one another ________ the load of six”？ A．stand

　　B．bear C．catch

　　D．hold 答案与解析：B　stand容忍，忍受；bear负担，容忍；catch抓住；hold抓住，持有。此处意为：三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。 6．It is reported that three students were ________ in the unexpected accident. A．injured

　　B．wounded C．cut

　　D．harmed 答案与解析：A　injure主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等，强调功能的损失。句意：据报道有三名学生在突如其来的事故中受伤。 7．________outstanding contributions from many scientists, we have achieved great success in the field of spaceflight. A．Owing to

　　B．On account C．Because

　　D．Due to 答案与解析：A　句意：由于许多科学家的突出贡献，我们在航天领域取得了巨大成功。owing to“由于，因为”，符合题意。on account of“由于，因为”；because后跟句子；due to引导的短语常用作表语。 8．We should ________ primary importance to job training. A．attach

　　B．concentrate C．devote

　　D．emphasize 答案与解析：A　句意：我们应该将工作培训看做是最重要的。attach to“附着于，使依恋”，符合题意。concentrate on“全神贯注于”；devote do“把……奉献于；emphasize“强调，着重”。 9．Don't worry about the present situation in the world; ________ of people prefer peace to war. A．the most

　　B．the great part C．the majority

　　D．the number 答案与解析：C　the majority of“大多数……”。most作代词时后接of，可接可数名词或不可数名词，前面通常不与冠词连用；the great part不指人；the number of“……的数目”，与题意不符。 10．It's a very popular play, and it would be wise to ________ seats well in advance. A．provide

　　B．buy C．book

　　D．take 答案与解析：C　句意：这部戏很受大众欢迎，提前订好座位是明智的。book“预订”，符合题意。provide“提供，供给”；buy“购买”；take“拿走，带走”。 11．Dad ________ whisky, but normally only drank in the evening when work was done. A．was tired of

　　B．was fond of C．was familiar with

　　D．was afraid of 答案与解析：B　句意：爸爸喜欢喝威士忌，但是只有在晚上工作做完了的时候才喝。be fond of“喜欢”，符合题意。be tired of“讨厌”；be familiar with“对……熟悉的”；be afraid of“害怕”。 12．You weren't boring me. ________， you're interesting me frightfully. A．On the contrary

　　B．On the average C．On the whole

　　D．On the other hand 答案与解析：A　句意：你没有使我厌烦，正相反，你使我很感兴趣。on the contrary“相反，恰恰相反”，符合题意。on the average平均起来；on the whole总而言之，大体上；on the other hand另一方面。 13．“We should make our efforts ________ the mystery of space，”Jing Haipeng said before Shenzhou­Ⅶ was launched into space. A．explore

　　B．to explore C．explored

　　D．exploring 答案与解析：B　make one's efforts to do sth.是固定词组。 14．Which do you enjoy ________ your Labor holidays, going to Shanghai or climbing Huangshan Mountain? A．spending

　　B．being spent C．spend

　　D．to spend 答案与解析：D　enjoy的宾语是which，to spend...作目的状语。 15．Rather than ________ the vegetables to go bad, the poor farmer preferred ________ them at half price. A. allow; sell

　　B. allowing; sell C. allow; to sell

　　D. to allow; selling 答案与解析：C　本句是prefer to do...rather than do sth.的句型，而把rather than do sth.倒装到了句首。

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解 A

　　I shall never forget the night, a few years ago, when Marion J. Douglas was a student in one of my adult­education classes. He told us how tragedy had struck at his home, not once, but twice. The first time he had lost his five­year­old daughter. He and his wife thought they couldn't bear that first loss; but, as he said, “Ten months later, God gave us another little girl and she died in five days. ”

　　This double bereavement was almost too much to bear. “I couldn't take it，” this father told us. “I couldn't sleep, eat, rest or relax. My nerves were entirely shaken and my confidence gone. ” At last he went to doctors; one recommended sleeping pills and another recommended a trip, but neither helped. He said，“ My body felt as if it was surrounded in a vice (大钳子), and the jaws of the vice were being drawn tighter and tighter. ” The tension of grief (悲伤)—if you have ever been paralyzed (使瘫痪) by sorrow, you know what he meant. “But thank God, I had one child left—a four­year­old son. He gave me the solution to my problem. One afternoon as I sat around feeling sorry for myself, he asked，‘Daddy, will you build a boat for me? I was in no mood to build a boat; in fact, I was in no mood to do anything. But my son is a persistent little fellow! I had to give in. Building that toy boat took me about three hours. By the time it was finished, I realized that those three hours spent building that boat were first hours of mental relaxation and peace that I had had in months! I realized that it is difficult to worry while you are busy doing something that requires planning and thinking. In my case, building the boat had knocked worry out of the ring.So I determined to keep busy. ”

　　“The following night, I made a list of jobs that ought to be done. Scores of items needed to be repaired. Amazingly, I had made a list of 200 items that needed attention. During the last two years I have completed most of them. I am busy now that I have no time for worry. ”

　　No time for worry! That is exactly what Winston Churchill said when he was working eighteen hours a day at the height of the war. When he was asked if he worried about his huge responsibilities, he said, “I am too busy. I have no time for worry. ”

　　16. The underlined word “bereavement” in the second paragraph refers to ________.

　　A. having lost a loved one

　　B. having lost a valuable article

　　C. having lost a profit­making business

　　D. having lost a well­paid job 答案与解析：A　猜词题。通过第一段的描述，可知这是丧亲之痛。

　　17. Marion felt his body as if it was caught in a vice because ________.

　　A. he couldn't earn enough money to support his family

　　B. he was suffering from sleeplessness disease

　　C. he couldn't get out of mental pressure

　　D. he felt tired of adult­education classes 答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据前两段的内容可推断得知，这是因为他还无法走出丧亲的打击。 18. Marion made a list of over 200 items that needed to be repaired because ________.

　　A. he hadn't been able to spare time to mend them

　　B. he wanted to kill his free time by repairing them

　　C. the items had actually been broken and needed attention

　　D. repairing the items helped crowd worry out of his mind 答案与解析：D　细节理解题。在倒数第二段中，说通过准备这200个条目，能使他暂时忘却痛苦，充实它的意识。 19. At the end of the passage, the author wrote about Winston Churchill in order to ________.

　　A. prove that he followed Churchill's example

　　B. support his student's solution to his problem

　　C. show that he was successful in his career

　　D. clarify how his conclusion was reached 答案与解析：B　推理判断题。题意是问作者的写作意图，通读全篇文章可知这是论据，来支持他学生解决问题的方法。 B

　　We all know that when leaves fall to the ground they die and become food for worms. When worms pass the leaves, their waste can help to make the soil rich, from which the plants use to get their nutrition. The plants grow and provide food for animals. When the animals eat the plants, their waste goes back into the soil. It's a perfect cycle.

　　But at the Elephant Conservation Centre in Lampang, Northern Thailand, they are using elephant waste for something more—to make 100% natural, beautiful colorful paper products! 100 years ago over 100,000 elephants in Thailand worked on farms, building sites and even in the army. However, only 6,000 remain there today because of advances in technology that have made elephants' old work less necessary. Elephants are doing new jobs now, including entertaining tourists by painting and playing football, and now by helping in the paper making industry. And their keepers, called Mahouts, can earn a living for their families and help their elephants by using elephant waste, also called “dung” to make beautiful，natural, paper products without any bad smell.

　　Every day an adult elephant eats about 200kg of plants like bamboo, grass and watermelon seeds. His body system breaks the plants into 50kg of fibers, which can produce 115 sheets of fibrous paper.

　　The first step to make this special natural paper is to collect the fiber rich “dung” from the elephant. The next step is to wash it and boil it for five hours to kill bacteria. (The water they use in this process is reused to water plants at the Centre, which, in turn, feed the elephants). After it's boiled, they cut fibers up. During the cutting process, they add in the desired color of the paper. For the fourth step, they take the mixture and make balls of 300g. Each ball is then spread lightly over bamboo frames to dry into one large sheet of paper. After a few hours in the sun, the sheets are dry enough to remove. The result is a wonderful, 100% natural, recycled paper. People around the world are getting interested in buying this special elephant paper for their holiday cards, writing paper and much more, because it's beautiful, natural and helps so many.

　　20. Why are there few elephants in Thailand today than before?

　　A. Because they don't have enough food.

　　B. Because they were killed in the war.

　　C. Because the technology develops very fast.

　　D. Because the Mahouts don't want to keep them. 答案与解析：C　第二段中提到原因。泰国大象数量锐减是因为“科技的进步，大象过去的工作方式被淘汰”。

　　21. What is the famous product mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Paper.

　　B. Dung.

　　C. Fibers.

　　D. Bamboo frames. 答案与解析：A　文章重点提到的就是这种“漂亮、多彩的天然纸”。 22. What are the exact words to describe the whole process of the product?

　　A. Common, interesting, and inexpensive.

　　B. Unusual, amazing, and perfect.

　　C. Impossible, special, but necessary.

　　D. Natural, wonderful and common. 答案与解析：B　用大象的排泄物作成一种无异味、无公害纯天然，漂亮的纸。贴切的词正是B项的“非凡、奇特、完美”。 Ⅲ.短文改错

　　My friend Henry has a most unusually hobby. He likes plant flowers in strange places. When the spring comes round, you can always tell Henry had been busy working because the dirty side of canals (沟渠) and railway banks suddenly become filled of flowers. In his spare time, with pockets full of seeds, Henry goes round by his bike. He has a long pipe with him blow seeds into places that is hard to reach. When his flowers fade (凋谢), he goes round again to collect its seeds. In this way he always has a big supply. 答案：

　　My friend Henry has a most unusually(unusual) hobby. He likes plant(planting)flowers in strange places. When the(/) spring comes round, you can always tell Henry had(has) been busy working because the dirty side(sides) of canals (沟渠) and railway banks suddenly become filled(full) of flowers. In his spare time, with pockets full of seeds, Henry goes round by(on) his bike. He has a long pipe with him ∧(to )blow seeds into places that is(are )hard to reach. When his flowers fade (凋谢), he goes round again to collect its(their )seeds. In this way he always has a big supply. It's difficult for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事很困难 have a good time (in) doing sth.表示愉快地做某事 waste time (in) doing sth.浪费时间做某事 spend time (in) doing sth.花时间做某事 John had a good time meeting many old friends at the party. 这次聚会约翰见到许多朋友，玩得很愉快。 They had no trouble in finding her new house with the help of a local farmer. 在当地一个村民的帮助下他们毫不费力地找到了她的新家。

　　[考试题]　 ③(2010·北京市东城区)The students will usually have a very anxious time ________ for the results of the college entrance examinations. A. wait

　　B. waited C. to wait

　　D. waiting 答案与解析：D　本题考查现在分词短语作状语，表示等待的状态。 ④(南京调研)The book mainly deals with the trouble teens might have ________ right from wrong. A. distinguishing

　　B. distinguished C. to distinguish

　　D. to be distinguished 答案与解析：A　考查句式结构。have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定句式。teens might have...是定语从句，修饰先行词trouble。 3. I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.上次我访问中国时，也有一次类似的经历。 the last time引导时间状语从句。 [解题警示] ①the last time为名词词组，相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的以名词短语来充当连词的还有：the moment, the minute, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the first time等。 ②另外directly, immediately, instantly都可引导时间状语从句。 ③no sooner...than, as soon as...和hardly...when也可引导时间状语从句。 Make sure the property you are buying is insured immediately you exchange contracts. 一交换合同，就应立刻给所购房产买保险。

　　[考试题]　⑤(2010·河南洛阳)I'll give the message to Mary ________ I see her. A. while

　　B. even if C. now that

　　D. the moment 答案与解析：D　the moment 一……就……，句意：我一见到Mary就把这个消息告诉她。 随 堂 检 测 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Your face seems f________. I've probably met you here in the old days. 2．You must be c________. You mustn't take any unnecessary risks until you are quite sure. 3．Don't respond to any e­mails r__________ personal information, no matter how official they look. familiar cautious

　　requesting

　　4．Do you know who won the latest Nobel Prize for ________(文学)? 5．A young man a________ himself to a girl at the party and the girl couldn't get rid of him. 6．He is always m________ about his achievements. 7．The shortage of teachers in less developed areas seems to i________ that teaching there offers little chance of advancement or pay increases. 8．The teacher thought that the children went to the zoo; on the c________， they went to the bakery. literature attached modest indicate contrary Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Would you mind ______________________(让我搭便车)to school? 2．In the end I ____________________________ (习惯工作)in such a condition. 3．I went to ___________________ (为他送行)at the airport yesterday. 4．He _______________________(坚持要我去)to see her first. giving me a lift got/was used to working see him off insisted on my going　 5．I'm determined __________________________(制止)all these rumours.

　　to put an end to Ⅲ.根据提示翻译句子 1．请把那份报纸递给我，好吗？(mind) 答案：Would you mind passing the newspaper to me? 2．第一次去北京时，我给我弟弟买了很多礼物。(the first time) 答案：I bought a lot of presents for my brother the first time I went to Beijing. 3．这个工厂是世界上第一个生产收音机的。(不定式作定语) 答案：This factory was the first to produce radios in the world. 4．可怜的Bob费了很大力气试着把孩子们哄上床睡觉。(have a hard time) 答案：Poor Bob had a hard time trying to get the children to go to bed. 5．你认为谁被派往那工作？(suggest) 答案：Who do you suggest be sent to work there? Ⅳ.交际用语 1．(2008·辽宁)—Did you have a good time in Thailand last week? —________，it was too hot. A．Not really

　　B．Yeah，why not C．Oh，great

　　D．You're right 答案与解析：A　根据答语的后半句It was too hot.可以判断出，玩得并不高兴。 2．(2008·天津)—How much do I owe you for lunch? —________. It's nothing. A．You're welcome

　　B．Forget it C．With pleasure

　　D．That's right 答案与解析：B　“午餐我欠你多少钱？”Forget it.“算了吧，别放在心上。”You are welcome.“不用谢。”With pleasure.“非常乐意(用于答应别人的请求)。”That's right.“那是对的”。 3．—Has your brother finished the work? —________，he has only just begun. A. First of all

　　B. Believe it or not C. On the contrary

　　D. Never mind 答案与解析：C　on the contrary意为“相反地”，“你兄弟的工作完成了吧”和“才刚刚开始”是一对相反的表达。 4. (杭州地区七校联考)—I forgot to carry my cellphone, could I use yours? —________. A. I wonder how B. I don't wonder C. Sorry, it's out of order D. No wonder, here it is 答案与解析：C　常见的拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry, but.../I'd rather you.../Thank you，but.../No way等。 5. (深圳中学)—Do you mind if I smoke in this room? —________. A. I'd rather you didn't, actually B. Of course not. It's not allowed here C. Great！I dislike smoking D. No, you can't 答案与解析：A　对于mind的提问，of course not和no都是表示不介意，但B、D项里的后部分答语却是否定，前后矛盾，所以排除这两项；C项的答语也是前后矛盾。所以正确答案是A项。 Ⅴ.语法专练 1. (2010·沈阳四校联考) Tom pretended ________ it, but in fact, he knew it very well a long time ago. A. not to listen to B. not to hear about C. not to have heard about D. not to be listening to 答案：C　 2. (2010·苏州中学) The place he suggested ________ for the holiday is quite far from here. A. to go

　　B. going C. go

　　D. went 答案：A　 3．(2010·胶州诊断) Farm land ________ quickly，so they are considering ________ a programme to solve the problem. A．is getting lost; starting B．is lost; to start C．is losing; starting D．loses; to start 答案：A　 4. (2010·湖南四市九校联考)________ the waterfront of the city after sunset, you couldn't help stopping and listening to the sweet silence, interrupted only by the screaming seabirds and leaving fishing boats. A. Followed

　　B. To follow C. Following

　　D. Having followed 答案：C　 5. (2010·合肥168中)Taiyuan, a city in North China, was struck by a heavy snowfall last week, ________ serious traffic problems. A. to face

　　B. faced C. facing

　　D. having faced 答案：C　 6．(2010·皖南八校联考)Something as simple as ________ vegetables in childhood may help to protect you against serious illness in later life. A．to eat

　　B．eating C．to be eating

　　D．eaten 答案：B　 7．(2010·北京东城区)The driver braked hard to avoid ________ a child coming in his way. A．hit

　　B．to hit C．hitting

　　D．to have hit 答案：C　

　　8．(2010·北京东城区) Museums in Beijing are on the move, ________ exhibits that entertain and educate. A．added

　　B．adding C．to add

　　D．having added 答案：B　 9．(2010·北京海淀区)________ a lot of people needed medical help, I decided to be a volunteer worker. A．Know

　　B．Known C．Knowing

　　D．To know 答案：C　 10．(2010·厦门双十中学)—Wow! It snowed last night.What a nice world! —You're right.But it's more difficult to find my missing keys with snow ________ the ground. A．covered

　　B．covers C．to cover

　　D．covering 答案：D　 11. (2010·威海质检)—I can't imagine ________ all my days relaxing on Hawaii beach. —I think you'll make it some day. A. spend

　　B. spent C. spending

　　D. to spend 答案：C　 课时检测⑫(Unit 12　Culture Shock) Ⅰ.单项填空 1．—Why was Professor Smith unhappy recently? —Because the theory he insisted on ________ wrong. A．proved B．proving C．being proved

　　D．was proved 答案与解析：A　本题容易受“insist on doing sth.”的影响而误选B项。实际上，he insisted on是定语从句，prove是谓语动词。句意：——为什么史密斯教授最近不开心？——因为他坚持的理论证明是错误的。 2．Danis is ________ writing a new novel and has no eye for his wife and children. A. occupied to

　　B. busied for C. absorbed in

　　D. engaged with 答案与解析：C　be absorbed in sth.意为“全神贯注干某事”。 3．In order to avoid ________ by the parents, the boy decided not to tell the truth to his parents. A．scolded

　　B．to scold C．scolding

　　D．being scolded 答案与解析：D　avoid后接动词­ing形式作宾语；又因此处的scold与the parents之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。句意：为了避免被父母责骂，这个男孩决定不将真相告诉他的父母。 7. curiously adv.好奇地 curious adj.好奇的；求知的；古怪的 be curious about...对……好奇 be curious to do 急于做…… curiosity n．好奇心 out of curiosity 出于好奇 in/with curiosity 好奇地

　　[解题警示]　curious可用于It is curious that从句结构中，表示“……是奇怪的”，从句的谓语一般采用“(should＋)动词原形”表示虚拟。

　　[考试题]　(湖北联考)The teacher wants his students to know more about modern science and tries hard to develop a(n) ________ about nature among his students. A．curiosity

　　B．habit C．ability

　　D．independence 答案与解析：A　考查名词辨析。从语境看，本题表示老师培养学生对大自然的“好奇心，求知欲”，让学生更多地了解现代科学，四个选项只有A项“好奇心”符合语境。B项“习惯”，C项“能力”，D项“独立”。 8. request n．&vt.请求 make a request for sth.请求得到某物 at sb.'s request (＝at the request of sb.)应某人之请求 request sth.of/from sb.向某人请求某事 request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事 He ignored the neighbour's requests that he should make less noise. 他无视邻居要他别那样吵闹的要求。 All club members are requested to attend the annual meeting. 请全体俱乐部会员出席年会。 [解题警示]　request后的宾语从句或名词性从句需用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。

　　[预测题]　This is his only request that the room ________ after being used. A. be cleaned

　　B. would be cleaned C. is cleaned

　　D. will be cleaned 答案：A 9. familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的 be familiar with sth.对……熟悉，通晓 be familiar to sb.为……所熟知 familiarity n．熟悉，通晓 familiarize v．使某人熟悉某事物 The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery. 住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。 The teenager is very familiar with computer softwares. 这个十几岁的孩子对电脑软件非常熟悉。

　　[考试题]　(2010·河南六市联考)The music，________which the active elderly were dancing, sounded a bit familiar ________ me. A．to; to

　　B．from; with C．to; with

　　D．at; to 答案与解析：A　be familiar to sb.：对某人来说熟悉，故第二空处为“to”，排除B、C项；第一空中的“to”作介词，表伴随，它与“which”一起引导非限制定语从句，修饰先行词“the music”。句意：那些活跃的老年人跳舞时伴随的音乐，对我来说有点儿熟悉。 10. cautious adj.小心翼翼的，谨慎的 be cautious of/about/with留意，谨防 be cautious not to do sth.小心不做某事 The old lady is very cautious with money. 那位老太太用钱很谨慎。 The boss is cautious about making promises. 老板对承诺持谨慎态度。 I should be cautious not to give offence. 我应该小心不要得罪人。

　　[解题警示]　cautious比careful语气强，指十分小心，免得出危险或者差错，带有提防意味。 [考试题]　(临沂质检)The man moved ________ forward and looked over the edge, shrinking his shoulders. A．accurately

　　B．cautiously C．brilliantly

　　D．disappointedly 答案与解析：B　考查副词辨析。副词：accurately精确地，cautiously警惕地、慎重地，brilliantly辉煌地，disappointedly失望地。由“shrinking his shoulders”可以判断这个人在小心谨慎地移动。故答案选B项。 11. stare vt. 凝视，盯着看 stare sb. up and down上下打量某人 stare into the distance凝视着远方 glare at瞪眼看，对……怒目而视 look at看着…… glance at扫视，匆匆一看

　　[词语辨析]　stare at, glare at, look at与glance at ①stare at sb./sth.表示由于吃惊、害怕、羡慕而瞪大眼睛，目不转睛地注视。 ②glare at表示“怒目而视”，表由于生气而睁大眼睛，用凶狠的目光注视，强调敌对或威胁。 ③look at为最普通的看，既无吃惊、害怕、羡慕之意或粗鲁的态度，也无凶狠或恐吓之意。 ④glance at指匆匆一瞥。

　　[用stare at, glare at, look at的正确形式填空] It's not polite to ________ a stranger. They didn't shout or swear, but just ________ each other. On his bicycle, he ________ his watch. stare at glared at looked at 12. conduct vt.进行，实施，管理，传导；n.行为，品行，指导，经营 conduct an experiment/an inquiry/a survey进行实验/询问/调查 conduct a concert指挥音乐会 conduct oneself举止，表现 under the conduct of在……指导/管理下 The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city. 导游引导我们游览了古城废墟。 Copper conducts electricity better than other materials do. 铜的导电性能优于其他材料。

　　[预测题]Why has his fellow students' ________ changed towards Mary? A．conducts

　　B．conduct C．conduction

　　D．conductor 答案与解析：B　conduct此处意为“行为，品行”，是不可数名词；conduction传导；conductor指挥，售票员。 13. belong vi.属于，该在(某处) belong to属于 belongings n．所有物，行李；相关事物 [解题警示]　①belong to不可用于被动语态，也不可用于进行时。②belong可与其他介词、副词连用，表示“适合待在某处或放在某处”。 Put that chair back where it belongs. 把椅子放回原处。 The house belonged to my grandfather. 这座房子原是属于我祖父的。

　　[预测题]　Remember to put the CD back where it ________. A．is belonged

　　B．is belonged to C．belongs

　　D．belongs to 答案与解析：C　belong不能用于被动语态，排除A项和B项，又因前面用了where，排除D项。 14. attach v．系；固定；连接 attach...to...把……固定到……，把……附在…… attach oneself to参加；和……在一起 attach one's name to在……上签名 attach to sb./sth.与……有联系，与……有关联 be attached to依恋；爱慕，附属于

　　[解题警示]　在attach...to...，attach oneself to和be attached to中to为介词。 Attach a recent photograph to your application form. 申请表上请贴一张近照。 It's easy to become attached to the children you work with. Too attached, sometimes. 很容易喜欢上和你相处的孩子们，有时会喜欢过头。

　　[考试题]　(2010·郴州质量监测)Your failure in the final exam lies in the fact that you didn't ________ enough importance to your English. A．attach

　　B．attack C．attend

　　D．obtain 答案与解析：A　attach enough importance“引起足够重视”。 15. contrary adj.相反的；n.相反，反面 be contrary to与……相反 on the contrary相反地 to the contrary相反地，有相反的证据 by contraries与预期相反 His views are contrary to mine. 他的看法与我的相反。 He produced no evidence to the contrary. 他没有拿出相反的证据。

　　[词语辨析]　contrary与opposite ①contrary指两物朝相反的方向发展，含有“互相冲突，不一致”的意思。 ②opposite指位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等“对立的，相反的”。

　　[预测题]　He passed the examination，________what I expected. A. contrary to

　　B. thank to C. due to

　　D. in order to 答案：A

　　[用contrary或opposite填空] Your plan is ________ to mine. “True”and“false”have ________ meanings. contrary　 opposite 16. bear vt.&vi.携带；容忍；承受；生育 bear in mind牢记在心 bear down on逼近；压住 bear with容忍，忍耐 can't/couldn't bear＋n./v.­ing/to do不能忍受(动名词表示习惯性的动作，不定式表示某一次具体的动作) bear the blame/weight/cost/responsibility承担责备/重量/费用/责任 Bearing in mind that he's only ten, I think he did very well. 考虑到他只有10岁，我认为他做得非常好。 I just can't bear that kind of selfishness. 我就是无法忍受那种自私。 [解题警示]　①bear的过去式和过去分词是不规则变化，分别是bore，borne。表示“出生，出自”时用born，并且仅用于被动语态，表示“生育”时用borne。 ②当bear意为“忍耐，忍受”时通常与can，could连用于疑问句及否定句中。

　　[预测题]　 —Mum，it's fine today. I want to skate on the lake. —Don't you think the ice is too thin to ________ your weight? A. stand

　　B. bear C. catch

　　D. take 答案与解析：B　bear one's weight意为“承受某人的体重”。stand侧重指“精神上的承受”。 I couldn't ________ to listen any longer, so I left the room. A. mind

　　B. imagine C. bear

　　D. resist 答案：C 句 型 剖 析 1. If you are planning to come to Poland as a tourist, you will have plenty of interesting places to choose from.如果你计划来波兰参观，将有很多有趣的地方供你选择。 不定式to choose from作定语，修饰places。 [解题警示]　 ①动词不定式作定语时与其所修饰的名词(或代词)之间有动宾关系，且该不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。 ②有些名词如time，way，right，reason等后常跟不定式作定语。 ③the first, the second, the last, the best等后跟不定式作定语。 ④有些动词和形容词后常跟不定式，这些动词和形容词派生出来的名词后也可用不定式作定语：如ability，agreement，anxiety，attempt等。 There seemed to be no reason to stay. 似乎没有留下的理由。 My sister said I'd be the first to get married, but she was wrong. 我妹妹说我会最先结婚，但她错了。

　　[考试题]　 ①(济南模拟)If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined. A．being completed

　　B．is completed C．to be completed

　　D．completed 答案与解析：C　考查非谓语动词。据句意，应选C项，为动词不定式作定语，表示将来意义。 ②(福建质检)The computer programs are a puzzle to me.The more I think of them, the more questions I think of ________. A．ask

　　B．asked

　　C．being asked

　　D．to ask 答案与解析：D　解出此题的关键是断句。..., the more questions (that) I think of to ask. to ask作定语修饰that，原句中省略了关系代词。 2. When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.刚到旧金山时，有段时间我感到很难理解美国人的某些处事方式。 have a difficult (hard) time (in) doing sth.表示费力做某事。 time前面还可用其他形容词修饰，有时修饰的形容词可以省略。 have fun/pleasure (in) doing sth.乐于做某事 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 Unit 12

　　Culture Shock 开 篇 背 诵 给朋友的回信 [典型例题] (四川)假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国的社交习俗。请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介绍。 1. 见面时的问候方式； 2. 对赞美的回答方式； 3. 接收礼物时的回应方式； 4. 餐宴礼节。 注意：1. 词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。 2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Jane， Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China in July.___________ I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.

　　Yours sincerely， Li Hua

　　[佳作欣赏] Dear Jane，

　　Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China in July. The following are some Chinese customs. Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello”or asking such questions as “Where are you going？”or “Are you busy？”to express our care. Secondly, when praised, we reply with “Oh，no！”or “I'm over­praised”to show good manners. Next, when receiving a gift, we usually say “It's unnecessary”besides “Thanks”to show politeness and then put it away. Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someone's health or success to show that we're warm. Anyhow, different cultures, different customs. If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”，you'll enjoy more of your stay here. I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li Hua

　　[名师点评] 1. 本文运用了灵活多变的句式，不管是在遣词造句上，还是从结构上都不失为一篇佳作。 2. 用于列举的副词：Firstly，Secondly，Next，Finally使文章显得条理清楚。 3. 特殊的句式：when praised, when receiving, Anyhow, different cultures, different customs，省略句的运用以及最后引用的谚语“Do as the Romans do when in Rome”使短文增色不少。 教 材 自 主 回 归 记记单词 1．e________n．期待的事物，预期→________v．预料，预期→________adj.可预料的→________adj.未预料到的 2．t________adj.美味的→________vt.尝，辨味 vi.尝起来．n.味觉，爱好，味道→________adj.有鉴赏力的，有审美力的→________adj.没味道的，无鉴赏力的；乏味的 3．i________vt.指示，表明→________adj.表示的，象征的→________n．指示，指点，征兆

　　expectation expect expected unexpected tasty taste tasteful tasteless indicate indicative indication 4．i________adj.非正式的→________adv.非正式地→________adj.正式的，礼节上的 5．r________n．&vt.请求，要求，需要→r________vt.要求，需要，命令→d________n．&vt.要求，请求；需要 6．f________adj.熟悉的，常见的→________adv.亲密地→________n．熟悉，通晓→________adj.不常见的；不熟悉的 7．c________vt.进行，实施→________adj.有传导力的，传导性的→________n．传导

　　informal informally formal request require demand familiar familiarly familiarity unfamiliar conduct conductive conduction 8．e________n．教育者→________vt.教育，培养→________n．教育，培养 9．f________vt.宽恕，饶恕→________adj.宽容的→________adj.可宽容的，可原谅的→________n．宽恕，饶恕 10．a________n．相加，增加物→________adj.另外的，附加的→________v．相加 educator educate education forgive forgiving forgivable forgiveness addition additional add 记记短语 1.You're going to have to ______ (适应腌肉和鸡蛋加几片面包)for breakfast over here.

　　答案：get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast 2．Would you mind __________ (让我和我的同学搭个便车)to school?

　　答案：giving me and my schoolmate a lift 3．He insisted on __________(陪我走到车站为我送行)． 答案：walking me to the station to see me off 记记句型 1._________ (为了避免对英国小费制度的困惑)，you need to check your bill to see if a tip is included or not.

　　答案：To avoid getting confused about the British tipping system 2．If it isn't, I suggest ____(留下账单的10%)for the waiter or waitress—even a bit more if the service is good.

　　答案：leaving 10% of the bill 3．When I first arrived in San Francisco, ___ (我很难理解)certain aspects of the American way of doing things.

　　答案：I had a difficult time understanding 4．I had a similar experience ___ (上次访问中国时)． 答案：the last time I visited China 教 材 知 识 探 究 词 语 解 读 1. owe vt.&vi.欠(债等)，感激；把……归功于 owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物 owe for sth.欠…… owe it to oneself to do sth.认为自己有必要做……；认为自己有责任做…… owe sth. to sb./sth.应把……归功于……；受到……的恩惠，感激 owing adj.未付的，欠着的 owing to因为，由于 I'll write and tell Marie I owe her a letter anyway. 我将写信告诉玛丽，不管怎样，我该给她写封信了。 Owing to a lack of funds, the project will not continue next year. 由于缺乏资金，该项目明年将中止。

　　[考试题]　①(安徽合肥)I ________ you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyway, I mean no offence. A. owe 　 B. make C. demand

　　D. accept 答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析，owe欠。 2. absorb vt.吸收；使专心；理解 be absorbed by被……吞并；为……所吸收 be absorbed in全神贯注于……；一心从事，热衷于 absorb sb.' s attention吸引某人的注意力 absorbable adj.易被吸收的 absorbing adj.吸引人的

　　[解题警示]　absorb是及物动词，因此后面必须跟宾语，其宾语可以是sth.或sb.，也可以是反身代词oneself。 The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ash from his cigar. 作家全神贯注地写作，忘了弹去雪茄上的烟灰。

　　[考试题]　②(湖北黄冈)The writer was so ________ in her work that she didn't notice him enter the room. A. abandoned

　　B. focused

　　C. absorbed

　　D. centered 答案：C 3. exchange vt.交换；兑换；交流；n.交换；兑换 exchange A for B 以B交换/更换A exchange sth.(with sb.)(同……)交换…… in exchange for作为交换 make an exchange交换 You can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel. 你可以在旅馆把你的钱兑换成美元。 I'll type your report if you'll babysit in exchange. 如果你愿意代我照看孩子，我就把这个报告给你打出来。 [解题警示]　exchange强调对调，是相互关系，而change强调调换，是单方面的。

　　[考试题]　 ③(金丽衢联考)Silk from China found its way to India, the Middle East and Rome, ________ spices and glass, which were not known to China. A. in charge of

　　B. in exchange for C. in terms of

　　D. in addition to 答案与解析：B　in charge of负责，掌管；in exchange for与……交换；in terms of根据，按照；in addition to除……之外。根据句意选B项。 ④(临沂模拟)He ________ his old car for a new model as soon as he had won the money. A. exchanged

　　B. replaced

　　C. transferred

　　D. expanded 答案：A 4. majority n．大半，大多数 carry/gain the majority赢得多数票 in the majority占多数，拥有多数 a majority of大多数 minority n．少数 In the nursing profession, women are in the majority. 女性在护理行业中占大多数。 The majority of children in our class have brown eyes; only three have blue eyes. 我们班大多数孩子是棕色眼睛，只有三个孩子是蓝眼睛。

　　[解题警示]　majority通常与冠词连用，后接“of＋复数名词/代词”，表示“……的大多数”，即a/the majority of＋n.(pl.)/pron.，此时若作主语，谓语动词用复数。 a/ the majority可单独用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式皆可。 majority通常要跟定冠词the连用，但在表示投票时的多数时，可与不定冠词连用。

　　[预测题]　⑤________passengers survived the traffic accident except a woman and two children. A. The most

　　B. A majority of the C. Most of

　　D. The majority of the 答案：D

　　[用括号中词语的适当形式填空] ⑥The majority of doctors ________ (believe) smoking is harmful to health. ⑦The majority of the damage ________ (be) easy to repair. believe is 5. book vt.&vi.预约，预订 book in预定旅馆房间；办理登记手续 book up预订(车、船、飞机票、旅社房间等) Mary has booked a flight from New York to London. 玛丽已预订了从纽约到伦敦的飞机票。 The secretary has booked the manager in at the Hilton Hotel. 秘书已经在希尔顿大酒店为经理预定了房间。

　　[词语辨析]　book与order ①book表示“预订票、座、房间等”。 ②order表示“预订货物、菜、衣物等”。

　　[预测题]　⑧After ________ a ticket to New York, she went on reading the book. A. booking

　　B. ordering C. recording

　　D. arranging 答案：A

　　[用book或order的适当形式填空] ⑨The manager ________ a magic show for Sunday night yesterday. ⑩He ________ his son a new suit last Sunday. booked ordered 6．manner n．礼貌；风格；方式；习惯 manners 礼貌；礼仪；规矩 good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌 have no manners 没有礼貌 have no manner of right 毫无权利

　　[解题警示]　manner作“方式”、“方法”解释时只有单数形式，不用复数形式，表示复数形式的“方式”、“方法”用ways，通常不说these manners，而说these ways。“用这种方式”可以用in this way/in this manner/by this means/with this method来表示。

　　[预测题]　He has gentle ________ and appearance and he is popular with all the girls. A. ways

　　B. methods C. approaches

　　D. manners 答案：D