安徽省明光英普辅导中心高考英语一轮复习精品资料课件：Unit15　Learning　学习

　　11.They urged that the library________open during the vacation. A．be kept

　　B．would be kept C．had kept

　　D．was kept 【解析】　urge的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即其从句中的谓语动词应用“(should)＋动词原形”。keep同the library之间存在被动关系。 【答案】　A pace n．一步，速度；v.踱步，慢步 keep pace with＝keep up with跟上 set the pace定步速 show one’s paces显示自己的才能 at the pace of...以……的速度 The fence is 10 paces from the house. 栅栏离房子十步之遥。 I can’t walk at that pace.我不能以那个速度行走。 The horse was too weak to keep pace with the others. 这匹马虚弱得跟不上其他的马了。 The lion paced the floor of his cage restlessly. 狮子烦躁地在兽笼里走来走去。 take a walk散步 at the speed of以……速度 He dislikes taking a walk after supper，doesn’t he? 他不喜欢晚饭后散步，对吗？ 12.They walked________a quick pace to meet the deadline. A．to

　　B．at C．with

　　D．in 【答案】　B instruct vt.教；指导；指示 instruct sb.in在某方面指导某人 instruct sb.to do sth.指示某人做某事 instruct that sb.(should) do sth.指示…… She instructed me in the use of the telephone. 她教我使用电话。 Those boys were instructed to wait there. 那些男孩被通知在那儿等。 Our teacher instructed that we hand in our papers after class. 老师命令我们下课后把试卷交上去。 instructor n．辅导员，讲师 instruction n．教授；指导；(pl.)用法说明(书)操作指南 instructive adj.说明性的，指示性的，有教育意义的 The minister’s visit to the prison was not instructive. 这个牧师这次探监没有什么有益的贡献。 13.You should read the________in the car repair manual (手册) carefully before you start to work on it. A．instruction

　　B．instructions C．introductions

　　D．explanations 【解析】　instructions意为“用法说明书”。 【答案】　B assume vt.假定，假设；担任(职务、任务等)，承担(责任)；呈现(情况) assume...to be/as...认为……是…… assume＋n.认为……；担任…… assume that...认为……，假定……

　　The problem is beginning to assume massive proportions. 问题开始呈现出其严重性。 assumption n．假定；假想；担任(任务等)；承担 make an assumption 作出假定，认为 on the assumption that 在假定……的情况下 A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。 I’m working on the assumption that the money will come through.我是在假定能拿到钱的情况下工作。 14.句型转换 I assumed that he was well qualified for the position.＝I________that he was well qualified for the position. 【答案】　made an assumption to a certain extent 在某种程度上 to some extent＝to a certain extent 在某种程度上 to a great/large extent 在很大程度上 to such an extent/to the extent that... 达到如此的程度/达到……的程度　 To a certain extent it was my fault that we lost the contract. 在某种程度上，我们丢掉合同是我的错。 These policies are to a large extent responsible for the region’s economic decline. 在很大程度上，这些政策是地区经济衰退的主要原因。 Violence increased to the extent that residents were afraid to leave their homes.暴力事件增多到令居民不敢出门的程度。 在这个短语中，可以用degree代替extent。 To what degree has the work proceeded？工作进展如何？ 15.The success of a marriage depends on the extent________which you are prepared to work at it. A．to

　　B．in C．on

　　D．of 【答案】　A set off出发；动身 set out 与set off都作“动身，出发”解，表示“动身去某地”时，后面接介词for。 Have they set out for the front？他们出发去前线了吗 set的短语归纳： be set in...(故事)发生在……；以……为背景 set about sth./doing sth.着手(开始)做某事 set out to do sth.着手(开始)做某事 set aside储蓄；留下；放在一边，搁置 set fire to...＝set...on fire放火烧…… set free释放 set off＝set out动身，出发 set sail扬帆起航，起航 set up竖起，立起，支起；建立，成立 The film is set in the 17th century Spain. 这部电影以17世纪的西班牙为背景。 16.Her second novel，The Mountain Lion，________Colorado where she grew up. A．was set in

　　B．was taken place in C．happened

　　D．occurred 【解析】　本题考查固定短语be set in...“发生在……；以……为背景”的用法。take place没有被动语态；happen，occur是不及物动词，不能接宾语，故B、C、D不合题意。 【答案】　A tend to经常做，倾向于 tend to do sth.倾向于，经常做…… tend (to) sb./sth.照料某人；关照某物 tend upwards升高 tend downwards下降 Janet tends to get very angry if you disagree with her. 如果你不顺着珍妮特，她往往容易大发脾气。 Interest rates are tending upwards.利率还在上升。 The nurse skillfully tended the soldiers’wounds. 这位护士熟练地护理那些士兵的伤口。 have a tendency to/towards有……的趋势/倾向 tendentious adj.有强烈倾向性的 Now the prices have a tendency to going up. 目前物价有上涨的趋势。

　　17.完成句子 I______________(倾向于) think that’s not a good solution. 【答案】　tend to I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.我决定到了我成为一名因特网使用者的时候了。 该句中It is/was time (that)．..表示“是……的时候了”。 It’s time that...句型中，从句谓语动词多用虚拟语气形式。 这种结构中的谓语动词的过去式有时也可用“should＋动词原形”，在日常交际中，通常用It’s time for sb.to do sth.替代上述结构，不过用虚拟语气的结构要委婉客气些。 It is time for sb.to do sth.到某人做某事的时候了 It is time for (doing) sth.到了(做)……时间了 It’s time I went and picked up my little girl from school. 我该去学校接我的小女儿了。 It’s time you should do cleaning. 到了你打扫卫生的时间了。 This/It/That is the first/second/third...last time that...这是某人第一次(二次，三次……最后一次)干某事。 在这个固定句式中，当主句中为is时，从句中用现在完成时；如主句为was时，从句用过去完成时。 That was the first time (that) they had been together. 那是他们第一次在一块。 This is the third time that we have held get­together parties after graduation.这是我们毕业后第三次举办联谊会。 18.They can’t be working now.It’s time they________the office. A．left

　　B．would leave C．could leave

　　D．have leave 【答案】　A I shouldn’t have been so difficult at school，but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.我本不应该在学习上如此困难，但是这可能是由于我缺乏自信所致。 should have done 表示“应该做了某事而没做”。 You should have passed the exam.你应该通过考试的。 情态动词＋have done可用来表示对过去的推测。 (1)needn’t have＋过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于didn’t need to do，译为“其实没必要做……”。 (2)ought to have＋过去分词，表示动作按理应该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should的完成式含义类似。 (3)could have＋过去分词，表示过去本能够做但却未做，译为“本能够……”。 The little tree is dead.You needn’t have watered it so much yesterday.小树死了，本来你昨天不必浇那么多的水。 19.He shouldn’t ________ there so early.Nobody was there. A．go

　　B．come C．have gone

　　D．have come 【解析】　本空表示不该做而做了的事，should用否定式。should have done有时表示“竟然做……”的语气。如： He should have done it like that！他竟敢那样做！ 【答案】　C Frankly speaking，the last four years have been hard work，but it’s been worth it! 坦白地说，过去的四年很辛苦，但是很值得！ frankly speaking＝to be frank 坦率地说 一些短语中的动词­ing形式或不定式已转为固定用法，不可改为其他形式。　,

　　Frankly speaking，I don’t think that’s a good idea. 坦白地说，我认为那不是个好主意。 类似用法的短语有： personally/generally/strictly/exactly speaking 就个人而言/一般地说/严格地说/确切地说 to be honest＝honestly speaking说实话 to cut a long story short＝to be short 简言之 exactly speaking＝to be exact 确切地说 so to speak(say) 可以这么说；譬喻说 to tell you the truth 说实话 to begin with首先 judging by/from...由……来判断 Strictly speaking，the book is not a novel，but a short story. 严格说来，这部小说不能算长篇，而是短篇。 To cut a long story short，we really had an exciting experience in the forest.简言之，我们在森林里的确感觉很刺激。 To tell you the truth，I didn’t mean to hurt him. 说实话，我原本并不想伤害他。 20.________，it was one of the boring movies I’ve ever seen. A．To honest

　　B．Being honest C．Honestly spoken

　　D．Honestly speaking 【答案】　D 21．________his accent，he must come from the south. A．To judge by

　　B．To judge from C．Judged by

　　D．Judging from 【答案】　D 22．(2009年浙江卷)________，the pay isn’t attractive enough，though the job itself is quite interesting. A．Generally speaking

　　B．On the contrary C．In particular

　　D．To be honest 【解析】　句意为：说实话，这点工资没有足够的吸引力，但工作本身还是非常有趣的。 to be honest往往引导转折句，其他选项明显不合题意。 【答案】　D 课时作业 点击进入链接 * 类别 课标要点 重 点 单 词

　　adj.稳定的；安全的　 .

　　adj.　

　　可选择的；另类的 3．

　　n.

　　步速，速度

　　4.

　　adj.

　　杰出的，优秀的 5．

　　n.

　　名誉，名声

　　6.

　　vt.

　　缺乏，没有 7．

　　vt.

　　获得，得到

　　8.

　　vt.

　　忽视，不顾 9．

　　adj.

　　极其重要的

　　10.

　　vt.

　　使适应 11．

　　vt.

　　简化

　　12.

　　n.

　　资格，资历 13．

　　v.

　　怀疑

　　14.

　　v.

　　教导，指导 15．

　　___

　　n.

　　作业；任务，工作

　　16._________________

　　vt.

　　反映；反射 17．______

　　n.

　　接近或进入之路

　　18.___________

　　adj.

　　值得努力的 19．__________

　　n.

　　假定，假设

　　20._________

　　v.

　　鼓舞，鼓励 secure alternative pace outstanding reputation lack acquire ignore vital adapt simplify qualification suspect

　　instruct assignment reflect

　　access worthwhile assumption inspire 常 用 短 语 1._______________

　　老实说，说实话　2.___________

　　裁员；解雇 3．_________

　　发呆

　　4.

　　充满 5．

　　除……之外

　　6. ____________________

　　在某种程度上 7．

　　出发

　　8.

　　习惯于 9．

　　赞成，赞许

　　10.

　　总的来说 frankly__speaking lay__off go__blank

　　swell__with

　　aside__from

　　to__a__certain__extent

　　set__off

　　be__accustomed__to

　　approve__of

　　as__a__whole

　　典 型 句 式 1.In the past，

　　someone like me

　　__

　　to get into university through the college exam，he

　　_____

　　____no chance of getting a degree.过去，像我这样不能够通过高考而进入大学的人是没有机会拿到学位的。 2．I decided that

　　I became an Internet user.我觉得是成为互联网用户的时候了。 3．I’m afraid that

　　late work.我恐怕没有理由晚一点完成工作。 4．...I

　　so difficult at school...……在上学时，我本不该这么叛逆…… 5．Sometimes

　　I

　　I

　　him and ask for his opinion！有时我真希望能打个电话问问他的意见！ if had failed would have had it was

　　time

　　there

　　is

　　no

　　excuse

　　for shouldn’t have

　　been

　　wish could phone suspect vt.怀疑；猜疑 suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人做了某事 suspect sb.to be...疑心某人是…… suspect that...疑心…… He was suspected of the murder by the police. 警察认为他涉嫌那起谋杀案。 I suspect him to be a thief.我疑心他是个贼。 Betty suspected that Tom is the murderer. 贝蒂疑心汤姆是凶手。 1.Nobody wants to make friends with the boy________money. A．suspected of having stolen B．suspecting to stealC．suspected having stolen D．suspecting to have stolen 【解析】　过去分词作定语，修饰boy。 【答案】　A approve v．赞成；批准 approve a plan批评计划 approve用做“赞成；认可；满意”时，可以是及物动词也可以用做不及物动词，常和介词of搭配。of可省略。 The government approved the plan for building a new chemical plant there.政府批准了在那儿建一个化工厂。 Marine’s parents now approve (of) her marriage. 玛琳的父母现在同意她结婚了。 approval n．赞许；同意；批准；认可 meet with sb.’s approval得到某人的批准 win/earn sb.’s approval得到某人的赞许 on approval包退包换. 2.His parents didn’t ________of his smoking and tried to persuade him to give it up. A．agree　B．allow for C．approval

　　D．approve 【解析】　此句意为：“他的父母不赞成/允许他吸烟，尽力劝他把烟戒掉。”agree同意，不和of连用；allow for考虑到；可以和介词of搭配的有approve，意为“赞成”。C项是名词，不可以用在此处。 【答案】　D lack n．& vt.缺少；缺乏 lack (n.) of sth.缺少某东西 lack sth.＝be lacking in sth.缺少某东西　 There has been a great lack of water this summer. 今年夏天严重缺雨。 The teacher said that the child lacked (was lacking in) confidence.老师说这孩子缺乏信心。 be short of 缺少 be poor in 在……贫乏 Now I am short of money.现在我手头缺钱。 3.Though________money，his parents managed to send him to university. A．lacked

　　B．lacking of C．lacking

　　D．lacked in 【解析】　lack可作及物动词，其后直接接名词作宾语。该句相当于Though his parents lacked money，由于从句的主语同主句的主语相同，故可将让步状语从句变成现在分词短语，表主动。 【答案】　C access n．进入，接近；通道，门路；接近……的权利

　　access to进入(某地)，也可用into；与(某人)会面；(……)的通道 gain access to接近 have free access to自由利用 give sb.access to答应让某人使用　 Only high officials had access to the president. 只有高级官员才可以接近总统。 The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 这是经过田间到农舍的惟一道路。 access 和entrance用法比较： access 和entrance都有“通向……的通道”之意。 (1)access 是正式用语，指从一处通向另一处的通道。 (2)entrance也是正式用语。笼统地指建筑物的出入口处，不指具体的门。 They came to the entrance to the railway station. 他们来到火车站的进口处。 4.—Your school is really wonderful. —Yes，it’s fully equipped.And every student has free________to the library. A．access

　　B．chance C．use

　　D．right 【解析】　have (has) free access to...表示“有自由(免费)使用……的权利(机会)”。to为介词。 【答案】　A 5．(2009年浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy________to the digital resources of the library. A．access

　　B．passage C．way

　　D．approach 【解析】　句意为：设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书馆的数字资源。access to固定短语，意为“有权使用，有机会接近”。 【答案】　A select v．& adj.选择；挑选，选拔(尤指最好的或最合适的)；精选的 select sb.to do sth.挑选某人做某事 select sb.as...选举某人为…… make a selection of...挑选…… She was selected as the parliamentary candidate for Bath. 她被选为巴斯地区的议员候选人。 Six theatre companies have been selected to take part in this year’s festival.已选定六个剧团参加今年的戏剧节。 The woman selected a vegetable dish from the menu. 那位女士从菜单中选了一个素菜。 The final team selection will be made tomorrow. 明天将确定队伍的最后人选。 select，choose与elect用法比较： (1)select精选，指在同种的许多东西中，仔细审慎地加以“选择”，标准较严格，即在精选之中有所淘汰。 (2)choose选择、抉择，用途较广，指一般的“选择”，指抉择时侧重意志和判断。 (3)elect选举(指通过正式手续)，后接人及所任的职务。 6.用select，choose或elect的适当形式填空： (1)There are plenty of restaurants to______from. (2)She became the first black woman to be________to the Senate. (3)All our hotels have been carefully________for the excellent value they provide. (4)They were________from among many applicants. 【答案】　(1)choose　(2)elected　(3)selected (4)selected accustom vt.使习惯 be accustomed to sth.习惯于某事 accustom oneself to sth./doing sth.使自己习惯于…… be accustomed to hard work 习惯于艰苦的工作 This is his accustomed hour to go to bed. 这是他就寝的惯常时间。 We have get accustomed to living in an air­conditioned room. 我们对生活在有空调的房间已习惯了。 You must learn to accustom yourself to hard work. 你必须学会习惯于艰苦的工作。 be/get used to (doing) sth.＝be in the habit of (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 I am already used to getting up early now. 现在我习惯早起了。 7.Children quickly get________to new surroundings. A．accustomed

　　B．accusable C．accountable

　　D．acquainted 【解析】　本题是词义辨析题。accustomed to意义是“习惯于……，适应于……”，accusable意思是“可指责的”，常用于accusable of；accountable指“负有责任的”，用做accountable for “对……负责”或accountable to sb.for sth.向某人说明；acquainted 了解，熟悉；acquainted with 与……相识，故选A，句意是“孩子们很快就会适应新环境”。 【答案】　A go link v．变得……

　　go＋adj.是一种系表结构，go在此结构中的意思为“变得；变为；变成”。 go blank 发呆，黯然　go mad发疯 go hungry挨饿　go bad变坏 go grey (头发)变白　go wild/crazy变得疯狂 go blind失明　go bankrupt破产 Suddenly my mind went blank. 突然我的脑子里一片空白。 Hearing the bad news，his mind went blank. 听到这个坏消息，他的脑子里一片空白。 go与become用法比较： go表示“变为，变成”时一般指由好变坏；become可表示由好变坏，也可表示由坏变好。 Things are going from bad to worse.情况越来越糟。 8.The traffic lights________green and I pulled away. A．came

　　B．grew C．got

　　D．went 【答案】　D adapt v．(使)适应；(使)适合 adapt to sth./sb.适应某物/某人 adapt sth./sb.to sth./sb. 使某物/某人适应某物/某人 adapt oneself to...使自己适应某事 adapt from...根据……改写/改编 adapt...for...把……改编成…… When he moved to Canada，the children adapted to the change very well.他移居加拿大后孩子们能很好地适应变化。 This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original. 这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。 adjust (oneself) to适应…… be suited to适应/适合…… He is suited to this job.他适合这份工作。 9.The foreigners from Canada adapted themselves________the hot weather. A．to

　　B．into C．on

　　D．about 【解析】　adapt...to...使……适应……，固定结构。 【答案】　A range vi.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；分布；涉及；n.幅度；范围；射程 range from...to...在……之间变化 range over涉及 within range of vision在视野之内 be in/within range在射程以内 be out of/beyond range超出射程；在射程之外 a very wide range of interests 广泛的兴趣 a narrow range of knowledge狭窄的知识面 This plant ranges from France to Italy. 这种植物分布于法国至意大利。 The discussion ranged over various problems. 那次讨论曾谈到种种问题。 The houses are sold out within this price range. 在这个价位范围内的房子已售完。 beyond (out of)/within (one’s) reach 手不能及/伸手可及 Put your dictionary within (your) reach. 把词典放在伸手能够得着的地方。 10.The prices of beer________from 50 cents to$4 per liter during the summer season. A．altered

　　B．ranged C．separated

　　D．differed 【解析】　句意为：夏季每升啤酒价格从50美分到4美元不等。range from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……不等”。相似的动词搭配还有：vary from...to...如：Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.对于这件事，人人意见不一。alter局部的或微小的改动，变动；separate分离，分裂；differ不同，区别于。 【答案】　B urge vt.催促；力劝；强烈要求；n.强烈的欲望；冲动；迫切要求 urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事 ＝urge sb.into doing sth. urge sb.on鼓励某人 urge that sb.(should) do...(从句用虚拟语气) It is urged that...有人主张 in urgent need 急需 They urged us to give our support.他们敦促我们给予支持。 I had a sudden urge to tell the boss what I thought of him. 我突然非常想告诉老板我对他的看法。 have a desire for sth./to do sth.急切希望…… desire (sb.) to do sth.请求/渴望(某人)做某事 desire that sb.(should) do sth.请求/渴望…… He desires that you (should) see him at once. 他请求你立刻去见他。 *