2016届高考英语一轮复习配套课件：语法专项突破八定语从句（共28张PPT）

　　目录 目录 目录 八、定语从句 本讲目录 语法精讲考点整合 语法专练知能闯关 语法精讲考点整合 1．(2012·高考江苏卷)After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，________ urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive. A．which

　　B．who C．where

　　D．what 经典品味 考点一

　　关系代词引导的定语从句 解析：选B。考查非限制性定语从句。解答本题的关键是找准先行词。靠近定语从句的是in that area，考生易错选C，但定语从句缺少的是主语，关系副词不能作主语，可排除。what不能引导定语从句。根据定语从句的urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive可知，需要干净的水、药品和避难所的是人(people)，而不是that area或flooding，所以先行词为人，A项也可排除，故选B。

　　2．(2011·高考四川卷)The school shop，________ customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays. A．which

　　B．whose C．when

　　D．where 解析：选B。句意：这家校内商店放假时关门，它的顾客主要是学生。考查定语从句。本句没有并列连词也没有从属连 词，故可判断逗号后面是非限制性定语从句；本句先行词是the school shop，还原到从句后为：The school shop’s customers are mainly students.因此选B，用whose引导定语从句，关系代词whose在从句中作定语。 3．(2012·高考浙江卷)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature，________，for some reason，had withdrawn from all human society. A．which

　　B．who C．where

　　D．whom 解析：选B。考查非限制性定语从句。句意：埃伦是一个画鸟类和自然的画家，出于某种原因，他已退出了所有的社会活动。for some reason为插入语，可将其去掉，这时可以注意到该复合句中从句缺少主语。根据从句的语意可确定该从句的主语应是指人的，由此可确定答案。该从句为非限制性定语从句，其先行词为a painter。值得注意的是，有的考生误将birds和nature作为从句的先行词，从而错选which。 4．(2012·高考山东卷)Maria has written two novels，both of ________ have been made into television series. A．them

　　B．that C．which

　　D．what 解析：选C。考查定语从句。句意：玛丽娅已写了两部小说,它们都已被拍成了电视剧。分析题干结构可以看出：Maria has written two novels是一个完整的含“主谓宾”的句子。如果后半句也是个完整的句子的话，那么题干中的两个分句中间缺少连接词and，故A项不正确。由此不难看出空格处应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，which代替先行词two novels。that作关系代词不能放于介词之后；what不能引导定语从句。分清句子结构是解答本题的关键。 1．whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，of which可以代替whose指物， 词序一般是名词＋of which或of which＋名词。of whom可以代替whose指人，词序是名词＋of whom。 Many children,whose parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。 The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。 要点浓缩 2．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that；which代指前面整个句子内容。 They talked for about an hour of things and people that they remembered in the school. 关于他们记得的上学时的人和事,他们讨论了大约一小时。 The Internet is a huge computer system which/that allows millions of people around the world to share information. 因特网是一个庞大的计算机系统，它使得世界上成千上万的人们共享信息成为可能。 3．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 (2010·高考浙江卷)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.近千人在这个社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。

　　1．(2011·高考重庆卷)Sales director is a position________communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A．which

　　B．that C．when

　　D．where 经典品味 考点二

　　关系副词引导的定语从句 解析：选D。考查定语从句。句意：导购员是一个沟通能力和销售能力同样重要的职位。分析题干可知a position后是一个定语从句，而该从句的引导词在从句中作地点状语，即in which＝in the position＝where，故选D。在定语从句中，当position，point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导定语从句。 2．(2011·高考陕西卷)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends，________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A．which

　　B．where C．who

　　D．that 解析：选B。句意：我和朋友们一起登上山顶，从山顶上我们欣赏了湖光美景。本题考查定语从句。本句中没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故判断逗号后为非限制性定语从句。先行词为the top of the hill，还原到从句后为：on the top of the hill we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake，由此可见先行词在从句中作地点状语，故选择B项where。 3．(2012·高考浙江卷)We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A．why

　　B．when C．to whom

　　D．on which 解析：选B。考查定语从句。句意：在我们生活的这个时代,有更多的信息可以比以往任何时候都更加容易获得。该句为主从复合句，an age为先行词，空格处引导定语从句并在从句中作时间状语，故用when。 1．关系副词在定语从句中作状语，when指时间，where指 地点，why指原因，在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。 After graduation I’d like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school. 毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作。 要点浓缩 2．先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状 语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。 Is this the reason (that/which) he gave us for the delay of the project？这是他给出工程推迟的原因吗？ 1．(2011·高考湖南卷)Julie was good at German，French and Russian，all of________ she spoke fluently. A．who　B．whom C．which

　　D．that 解析：选C。句意：Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有的(三门语言)她都说得很流利。先行词为German，French，Russian，代入定语从句后为：She spoke all of the three languages fluently.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作of的宾 语，先行词指“物”，且介词提前，故用which。 考点三　“介词＋which/whom”中介词的确定 经典品味 2．The engineer spoke highly of the government’s efforts，________he owed his safe return from Libya. A．through which

　　B．to which C．with whom

　　D．for whom 解析：选B。考查定语从句。先行词为the government’s efforts，故应用关系代词which。owe sth.to...“把某事归功于……”，故选B项。

　　3．(2012·江苏省苏中三市联合调研)Shopping on the Internet has a lot of advantages，________the most important is perhaps its convenience. A．of which

　　B．whose C．that

　　D．in which 解析：选A。考查定语从句。句意：在因特网上购物有很多优点，其中最重要的也许是它的便利。分析句子结构和语意可知，此处定语从句修饰advantages，表示其中的某一部分,故选择of which,也可以写成the most important of which。

　　1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 Patience，without which you can’t do the work well，is a kind of quality.耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做 好工作。 要点浓缩 3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price) was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。

　　1．(2016·潍坊模拟训练)Our school has developed a learning system __________ students can do a lot of teamwork. A．that　B．when C．which

　　D．where 解析：选D。考查定语从句。 先行词a learning system在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。

　　考点四　先行词为point，case，stage situation等词时所构成的定语从句 经典品味 2．(2016·河南省五市高三模拟)The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations________ help is needed. A．that

　　B．which C．when

　　D．where 解析：选D。分析句子结构可知，本题考查定语从句的引导 词，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where，相当于in which。

　　3．(2016·云南检测)—Do you have anything to say for yourselves? —Yes，there’s one point________we must insist on. A．why

　　B．where C．how

　　D．/ 解析：选D。the point作介词on的宾语，因此应选用关系代词或者省略。

　　point，situation，case，activity等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。 It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where作状语) 把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。 要点浓缩 I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own. 我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。 Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that作宾语) 现在只有一点我希望你弄清楚。