2016届高考英语二轮专题总复习精选综合能力专练：阅读理解4

　　2016届高考英语二轮专题总复习精选综合能力专练：阅读理解4

　　请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

　　注意：每空格1个单词。

　　When people talk about the civilization of ancient Babylon, the Hanging Gardens must be brought into their discussion. It was not until the reign (统治时期) of Naboplashar (625—605 BC) of the Neo-Babylonian Dynasty that the Babylonian civilization reached its top honor. The ancient city of Babylon must have been a wonder to travelers. Nebuchadnezzar II (604---562 BC), son of Naboplashar, then came to power and ruled for 43 years. It is he who is believed to have built the legendary Hanging Gardens. The Gardens were built to please his homesick wife. She found the dry, flat ground of Mesopotamia boring. In the place where she grew up, there was green grass and mountainous plains. The King wanted to recreate her homeland.

　　A lot of people still believe in the existence of the Hanging Gardens, despite the fact that most descriptions of the Gardens come from Greek historians while Babylonian records remain silent on the Hanging Gardens. Even the historians who gave detailed descriptions of the Hanging Gardens never saw them.

　　Modern historians argue that it was Alexander’s soldiers that made up the story. When they reached the rich land and saw Babylon, they were impressed with the beautiful scenery. When they later returned to their poor homeland, they told about the amazing gardens in Babylon. And it was the imagination of poets and ancient historians that mixed up all these elements to produce one of the world’s wonders.

　　Some of the mysteries surrounding the Hanging Gardens were not solved until the twentieth century. Archaeologists are still struggling to gather enough evidence before reaching the final conclusions about the location of the Gardens, their water supplying system, and their true appearance. Some recent researchers even suggest that the Hanging Gardens were built by Senaherib who ruled 100 years earlier than Nebuchadnezzar II did.

　　答案：

　　1. under

　　2. have

　　3. where

　　4. existed

　　5. rather

　　6. returning

　　7. imagined

　　8. before

　　9. like

　　10. 462 BC

　　A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10. Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. The study of 8,179 people was reported in the British Medical Journal.

　　Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians — although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.

　　Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. There was no difference in the IQ scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.

　　Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.

　　Vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. However, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.

　　Lead researcher Catharine Gale said, “The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.

　　But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said，“It_ is_ like _the _chicken

　　_and _egg. Do people become vegetarians because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？”

　　[语篇解读]　研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。

　　1．What’ s the result of the research mentioned in the text?

　　A. Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.

　　B. Children with a higher IQ are less likely to have heart disease later in life.

　　C. Intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.

　　D. Children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher IQ later in life.

　　[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10”可知A项正确。根据“it could explain why...”可知这一结果可帮助解释B项中的现象，但B项并非这次研究的结果。故本题选A。

　　[答案]　A

　　2．It was found in the research that________.

　　A. most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the IQ tests were carried out

　　B. vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetarians

　　C. female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians

　　D. vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians

　　[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken”可知答案。

　　[答案]　B

　　3．Catharine Gale talked about “being vegetarians” in a(n)________way.

　　A. doubtful

　　B. favorable

　　C. negative

　　D. objective

　　[解析]　推理判断题。根据第六段可知Catharine Gale只是客观地讲述研究结果，并没有表示自己的立场。故选D项。

　　[答案]　D

　　4．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?

　　A. Intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors.

　　B. The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.

　　C. The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.

　　D. The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved.

　　[解析]　推理判断题。文章最后一句的意思是：人们成为素食者是因为他们智商高还是因为他们足够聪明而更注意健康问题？由此可见Dr Frankie Phillips认为素食和高智商的因果关系尚未明确，就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡，还是因为有鸡才有蛋一样。故C项正确。

　　[答案]　C

　　5．What’ s the best title for the text?

　　A. Get more IQ points!

　　B. Be a vegetarian, please!

　　C. Vegetarian diet cuts heart risk

　　D. A high IQ is linked to being a vegetarian

　　[解析]　标题概括题。本文介绍了一项研究结果：素食与高智商有关，故D项正确。作者并未提出建议，所以A、B两项错误；文章中虽然提到了心脏病，但不是文章的主旨，故C项错误。

　　[答案]　D

　　[长难句解读]　(1) A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10.

　　本句是含有定语从句的复合句。who were vegetarians by 30是定语从句，修饰先行词people。

　　(2)There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.

　　There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those是主句，who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken是定语从句，修饰先行词those。

　　Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me __1 _ a question. But many times I have asked myself. I have __2__ a whole variety of reasons. __3__ important reason is that I want to be a better man.

　　Many things make human beings different __4__ or better than or even superior to animals.

　　One of the most important things is __5__ . If I fail to receive higher education, my education __6__. As I want to be a fully __7__ man, I must get a well-rounded education, which good colleges and universities are supposed to __8__. I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are __9__ the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and __10__ fit into society.

　　1. A. quite

　　B. so

　　C. such

　　D. another

　　2. A. come up with B. agreed with C. been fed up with D. got on well with

　　3. A. Most

　　B. The most C. More

　　D. Much

　　4. A. to

　　B. around

　　C. between

　　D. from

　　5. A. education B. weather C. temperature

　　D. science

　　6. A. finished

　　B. don’t finish C. will not finish D. has finished

　　7. A. develop

　　B. developed C. developing

　　D. experience

　　8. A. improve

　　B. graduate C. hear

　　D. provide

　　9. A. between

　　B. among

　　C. inside

　　D. outside

　　10. A. can good B. may better C. be able to better D. be able to best

　　名师点评

　　本文主要围绕“我为什么要上大学？”这一话题展开讨论，首先介绍了教育对人发展的重要性，然后说明大学在教育中的地位，从而层次分明地解释了上大学的原因。

　　答案简析

　　1. C。such常用在不定冠词或名词前修饰可数名词或不可数名词，表示“此类的”、“这种的”，故such为正确选项。

　　2. A。come up with意为“提出、找出”；agree with意为“同意”；be fed up with意为“对……厌倦”；get on well with意为“和……相处得好”。根据文意A为正确选项。

　　3. B。上文讲到我曾找到过各种各样的原因，其中最重要的原因应当是……，因此这里应用important的最高级，故选the most。

　　4. D。固定结构be different from 表示“不同于……”。

　　5. A。本段着重说明了教育在人的发展中的作用，以及大学在教育中的地位。作为总括句，本空应填education。

　　6. C。这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，意为“如果我不能受到更高等的教育，我就无法完成我的学业”，故选will not finish为正确选择。

　　7. B。这里只能选可作定语的选项。过去分词developed表示“成熟的”，为正确选项。

　　8. D。大学应是提供高等教育的地方, provide符合文意为正确选项。

　　9. B。介词among可表示”包括……在内”为正确选项。

　　10. C。与前半句相对应，这里仍应用比较级，而may better意思不对，因此be able to better为正确选项。

　　4

　　Farley worked for the Canadian government. One day, he was __1__ to learn more about wolves. Do wolves kill lots of caribou（北美驯鹿）? Do they kill people?

　　They gave him lots of food and clothes and guns. Then they put him on a plane and took him to __2__. The plane put him down and went away. There were no houses or people in this place. But there were lots of animals and lots of wolves.

　　People tell terrible stories about wolves. They say wolves like to kill and eat people. Farley remembered these stories, and he was __3__. He had his gun with him__4_.

　　Then one day, he saw a group of wolves. There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves. A father wolf and another young wolf lived with them.

　　Farley watched these wolves every day. The mother was a very __5__ mother. She gave milk to her babies. She gave them lessons about life. They learned how to __6__ food. The father wolf got food for the mother. The young wolf __7__ the children. They were a nice, happy family—wolf family! Farley did not need his __8__ any more. In a short time, he got on well with the family. Farley watched them for five months. He learned that many stories about the wolves were __9__. Wolves do not eat people, and they do not eat many large animals. And he also learned bad things about men. It was men who killed many caribou and wolves.

　　Later, Farley wrote a book about wolves. He wanted people to __10__ them and not to kill them.

　　1. A. seen

　　B. told

　　C. heard

　　D. found

　　2. A. a small town B. a big city C. a far place

　　D. a lonely village

　　3. A. afraid

　　B. happy

　　C. angry

　　D. tired

　　4. A. at times

　　B. all the time C. once a week

　　D. every afternoon

　　5. A. bad

　　B. good

　　C. hungry

　　D. thirsty

　　6. A. cook

　　B. make

　　C. get

　　D. pick

　　7. A. shouted at B. looked into C. laughed at

　　D. played with

　　8. A. food

　　B. clothes

　　C. gun

　　D. plane

　　9. A. not good

　　B. not true

　　C. not easy

　　D. not clear

　　10. A. grow

　　B. have

　　C. teach

　　D. understand

　　名师点评

　　狼历来被世人视为凶残的动物,事实是否的确如此呢？带着这一疑问，Farley进行了实地考察，在和狼进行了零距离的接触后, 改变了自己的观点。本文告诉我们要学会根据事实说话。

　　答案简析

　　B。Farley是政府工作人员。从上下文得知, 他是被派去进行调查和研究狼的习性的，故选told。

　　C。根据下文飞机把Farley送到了一个没有房屋和人的地方, 说明了这个地方不可能是城市,小镇和村庄故a far place为正确答案。

　　A。狼吃人的恐怖故事给孤身一人的Farley带来的应是afraid。

　　B。因为Farley害怕, 所以枪应始终不能离身。all the time意为“一直、始终”。

　　B。根据下文的描述，狼妈妈给孩子们喂奶，对孩子们进行训练，可见是一位好妈妈，故选good。

　　C。狼只能猎取食物, 而不能烧食物, 生产食物。get合乎文意，为正确答案。

　　D。shout at意为“朝……大声叫喊”；look into意为“调查、观察”；laugh at意为“嘲笑……”。这三个词组都不符文意。play with意为“和……一起玩耍”，合文意为正确答案。

　　C。the nice happy wolf family让Farley不再害怕，因此也就不再需要枪了，故选择gun.。

　　B。因为他的亲身体验与他所听到的相违背，说明以前关于狼的说法是不对的, 故选not true。

　　10. D。understand意为“了解”合乎文意，为正确答案。

　　The Hanging Gardens must have been one of the world’s wonders and is (1) ____ discussion.

　　Some studies show that the Hanging Gardens were built by Senaberib in about (10) ____.

　　Archaeologists are still trying to collect evidence to decide where the Gardens was and what it looked (9) ____.

　　It was in the twentieth century (8) ____ some mysteries about the Hanging Gardens were solved.

　　The Gardens was (7) ____ by poets and historians according to what the soldiers told about Babylon.

　　Modern historians held the opinion that it is the story made up by Alexander’s soldier (6) ____ from Babylon.

　　Many people feel certain that there (4) ____ the Hanging Gardens, though no historians saw them and Greek (5) ____ than Babylonian historians described them.

　　To please his homesick wife, he wanted to recreate her homeland, (3) ____ there was green grass and mountainous plains.

　　Nebuchadnezzar II is believed to (2) ____ built the legendary Hanging Gardens during his rule of ancient Babylon for 43 years.

　　The Hanging Gardens