2016年高考第二轮复习英语（广东版）题型技法指导专题二语法填空

　　2016年高考第二轮复习英语广东版 题型技法指导

　　专题二　语法填空

　　真题试做

　　（2012·广东高考）

　　Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day，__1__（wear）sun glasses.He walked in as if he __2__（buy）the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.

　　For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt __3__ （please），because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasn't her，it was probably the fact that she sat in __4__ last row.

　　__5__ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back，he was wrong.It might have made it a little __6__（hard）for everybody because it meant they had to turn around，but that didn't stop the kids in the class.Of course whenever they turned to look at him，they had to look at Mary，__7__made her feel like a star.

　　“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons？” the teacher asked.The new boy shook his head.“Then I'd appreciate it if you didn't wear them in class.I like to look at your eyes when I'm speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher __8__ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9__ the boy would do.Then he took __10__ off，gave a big smile and said “That's cool.”

　　考向分析

　　语法填空命题特点：

　　1．短文长度为150～200词之间，其中2012年高考题为234词。

　　2．命题形式：

　　（1）纯空格题，一般设6～7题，要求考生根据语境在空格处填入适当的词。主要考查代词、冠词、连词和介词。

　　（2）提供单词原形：一般设3～4题，主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，要求考生根据语境写出正确的词形。

　　3．考查语法范围：从考试说明和近几年的高考题来看，试题主要涉及时态、语态、非谓语动词、代词、冠词、连词、介词等语法知识的正确运用。

　　答题步骤

　　一、通读全文，了解主旨大意

　　语法填空题以语篇的形式考查英语语法知识的综合运用，所以认真阅读试题，弄清文章叙述线索、主旨大意、主要情节和作者写作目的非常重要，因为只有对整篇文章理解准确才可能将每个空格处的单词填写正确。做本题切忌急于求成，看一句填一句，而应先通读全文，了解文章大意。

　　二、尝试填空，解决较易空格

　　在把握主题的基础上，了解空格处在文中的逻辑关系，界定空格处的语法功能和作用，确定所填词的词性，然后根据上下文确定它的意义，最后落实到具体的一个词语上去。这样环环相扣，步步为营，稳步推进，达到缩小选择范围的目的。如：

　　We go to school，above all，______（learn）how to learn，so that when we leave school we can continue to learn.

　　解题指导：learn为动词，主句中已有谓语动词go，可以排除考查时态的可能性，确定是考查非谓语动词。从句子结构看空格处应当作目的状语，在非谓语动词中能作目的状语的只有不定式，故答案为to learn。

　　答案：to learn

　　三、再读检查，修正错误

　　做完题后，应该静下心来，仔细复读全文，检查自己所填的词语是否符合原意，从语意贯通、逻辑合理的角度，认真复查答案的合理性和正确性，尤其注意动词、连词、介词的搭配以及名词的形式等。

　　规律方法

　　一、纯空格题解题技巧

　　纯空格题没有英语单词提示，也没有中文提示，这是最难的一种形式，也是考得最多的一种形式，如在2011年高考中占了10个题目中的6个。这种形式的题目需要考生根据对短文整体逻辑关系的把握及生活常识等确定空格处在句中的功能，界定词性，进而确定它的意义，最后确定它的形式。

　　1．根据句子成分判断词性

　　在填这类空格时，可以根据句子的结构和所填词的句法功能，判断是用形容词还是副词，是用动词还是名词等。如修饰名词，前面通常用冠词、形容词或名词；如修饰动词和整个句子，通常用副词；如作谓语，应用动词；如作主语或宾语，通常用名词、代词；系动词后面常用形容词，而不用副词等。如：

　　【例1】He looked ______ at the children.（根据上下文语境可知表示“生气”。）

　　【例2】He looked ______ at the news on the radio.（根据上下文语境可知表示“生气”。）

　　解题指导：第一句的looked为实义动词，后接副词，答案为angrily。第二句的“at the news”相当于“on hearing the news”，looked为系动词，后接形容词，答案为angry。

　　答案：1．angrily　2．angry

　　2．根据句子类型判断词类

　　我们都知道，若两个或几个简单句之间是逗号，可以判断，一定是填连词。连词有两类，一类是并列连词，一类是从属连词。我们可以根据句子的类型判断所要填的词类。

　　（1）连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and，or，but等。

　　（2）若两个句子（有两个主谓结构）之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。

　　根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句（多要求考生填and，but，while，when，or等）还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。

　　【例1】（2012广东广州高考调研交流试题英语试卷）Long long ago，in a small and faraway village，there was a place known as the House of 1,000 Mirrors.A little happy dog learned of this place ______ decided to visit it.

　　解题指导：分析句子结构可知此空要填一个连词，有两个谓语learned和decided，且为先后关系，因此填连词and。

　　答案：and

　　【例2】（2012广东高考真题）Of course whenever they turned to look at him，they had to look at Mary，______ made her feel like a star.

　　解题指导：逗号之前为一个句子，之后也有一个句子，分析结构可知需一个连接词引导非限制性定语从句，且修饰前面整个句子，因此填which。

　　答案：which

　　【例3】（2011广州一模）It got its name during the industrial revolution，______ factory pollution turned the local skies black and coal dust from the mines made the soil the same colour.

　　解题指导：分析句子结构可知此空要填一个连接词，修饰先行词industrial revolution，引导非限制性定语从句，应用when。

　　答案：when

　　3．根据固定搭配和常用句型确定答案

　　固定搭配及习惯用法是属于比较简单的考点，只要平时注意积累基本上就能答对。

　　【例题】（2011广东四校联考）Also we don't have to worry about our personal property.As is said，freedom is not something you are given，but something you have to fight ______.

　　解题指导：考查固定搭配。fight for...意为“为了……而奋斗”。

　　答案：for

　　二、单词提示题解题技巧

　　这种形式的题是指空格后有单词提示，主要考查实词词形变化和词性转换。

　　1．考查动词的时态和语态

　　如果提示词是动词，又能判断出是作谓语时，首先应判断其时态和语态。

　　【例题】（2012广东佛山二模）The organization ______（found）in 1863，and was based on an idea by a Swiss businessman called Henry Dunant.

　　解题指导：此句为and连词的并列句，且第一句无谓语，再考虑时态和语态，根据时间状语in 1863可知此处用一般过去时态的被动语态。

　　答案：was founded

　　2．考查非谓语动词

　　如果一个句子已有谓语动词，且不是并列谓语动词时，所给动词就要用非谓语形式，这时要根据此非谓语动词所作的句子成分使用恰当的形式。

　　【例1】（2011广州二模）The part ______（blame）is your diaphragm，the muscle at the bottom of your chest.

　　解题指导：考查非谓语动词，句中已有is，此空填的词用作后置定语修饰名词part。

　　答案：to blame

　　【例2】（2012广州二模）The main finding of the 30­country survey is that equality between men and women is vital to ______ （improve）living standards and health，especially for children in developing countries.

　　解题指导：考查非谓语动词，be vital to后面接动名词。

　　答案：improving

　　3．考查词性转换和确定词性

　　这是语法填空的必考点，如2011年便考查了形容词mental转换成副词mentally修饰形容词。做题时，考生应根据该词在句中所作的句子成分来确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：

　　（1）作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。

　　（2）作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。

　　（3）在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词＋形容词”后，用名词形式。

　　（4）修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语，用副词形式。

　　（5）若是词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un­，im­或在词根后加­less等。

　　【例1】（2011广州二模）And maybe the most famous ______（treat），having someone scare you，also helps beat the hiccups.

　　解题指导：空前the most famous为形容词最高级，故其后应用名词形式。

　　答案：treatment

　　【例2】（2012广东湛江一中5月模拟考试）At this point，the game is stopped for a few minutes and the coach gathers the team to discuss __17__（adjust）which are needed to get the players back on track and to perform more __18__（effect）.

　　解题指导：第17题所给adjust为动词，此处应填名词adjustment，作动词discuss的宾语，也为后面定语从句的先行词；第18题所给词effect本身为名词，在句中修饰动词perform，因此应改为副词形式。

　　答案：adjustment；effectively

　　4．形容词和副词的比较级

　　此考点也是高考的常考点，比如2010年的广东高考试题语法填空题便考查了形容词sweet的比较级形式sweeter。

　　复习的重点是比较级和最高级的基本用法和特殊句式，以及在形容词或副词前填less，least等构成的降级比较。

　　【例题】（2011广东佛山顺德期末）They have a secret switch which makes the meters much ______（fast）.

　　解题指导：前面由much修饰，因此使用比较级。

　　答案：faster

　　误区警示

　　1．忽视语篇和语境

　　Behind him were other people to __21__ he was trying to talk，but after some minutes __22__ walked away and sat near me，looking annoyed.

　　错混透析：22．they　本题易误填he或者people。考生因为没有考虑到语境而弄不清此空要填什么人称代词。

　　解题指导：由句子结构分析可知此处缺少主语，且谓语说明的是上文提到的other people，故要填人称代词主格they。

　　做语法填空题时考生考虑上下文联系，不可忽视语篇和语境而只从语法角度考虑，因为语法填空题一大出题点是语言知识在具体篇章中的运用，更加强调语言的交际功能。

　　2．忽视语法，逻辑失误

　　When Jane got home，with her small but well­chosen present in her bag，her parents were already __9__ table having supper.Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，”Jane __10__ （inform）.

　　错混透析：10.was informed　考生易误填informed或is informed。

　　解题指导：因Jane与inform是动宾关系，故用被动语态；又因为全文是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。

　　语法填空题另一大出题点是考查考生语法知识的掌握程度，因此解题时考生应凭借扎实的语法基本功熟练分析句子的结构，应具有较强的句法分析能力。

　　3．定式干扰，误入陷阱

　　Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not __3__ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or __4__ （push）you with their elbows（肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.

　　错混透析：3．a　考生可能误填定冠词the。考生易受experience表示“经验”时为不可数名词的干扰，认为此处不可能用不定冠词。

　　解题指导：experience当意为“经历”时，是可数名词，a pleasant experience表示“一次愉快的经历”。

　　4．忽视固定搭配和常用句型

　　The teacher replied，“You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be __9__（sweet）.”

　　错混透析：9.sweeter　由于考生知识掌握不牢固，忘记了固定句型，可能会误填sweet或unsweet或sweety。

　　解题指导：考查固定句型，用sweet的比较级和否定代词nothing搭配表示最高级的意义。在平时的备考中考生要善于积累，掌握一些重要的固定搭配和常用句型，并注意结合具体的语境加以融会贯通，以达到熟练掌握的目的。

　　5．审题不细导致失误

　　Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult __1__ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wished that he was as easy __2__ （please）as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.

　　错混透析：1.it　本题考生容易误填that。这是因为考生没有认真分析句子结构，没有看清所填的成分是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。这是由于审题不细而导致的失误。

　　解题指导：it在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是to choose...。

　　考生在做语法填空题时应认真分析整个句子的结构，分析所填空格词的词性，以得出正确答案。

　　6．忽略标点

　　It was a winter morning，just before Christmas，when most people were warming up their cars，my husband，Trevor，had to ride his bike 4 kilometers away from home to work.On his __1__（arrive），he parked his bike outside the back door __2__ usual.After 10 hours of labor，he returned to find his bike gone，__3__ was our only transport.

　　错混透析：3.which　此题考生易误填答案that。由于没有注意前面有逗号，认为引导定语从句也可以填连接词that。

　　解题指导：which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his bike，且在从句中作主语。

　　标点符号一直没有引起考生的重视，但标点符号的正确使用会帮助考生提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。因此考生应树立正确的标点符号认识观。

　　一、基础题

　　（一）

　　（2012·深圳二模）

　　Have you ever lived abroad？When living overseas in a place where people speak a different language，__1__ can be difficult to make yourself understood even in __2__（relative）simple but important areas of life，like shopping and getting around town.It can be really upset trying to ask for something in a store or to tell the taxi driver __3__ you are going.

　　Sometimes you may be at a __4__（lose）as to what to do；sometimes you are certain that people understand you __5__ are just pretending that they don't；and other times they make a very __6__（consider）effort to communicate with you.

　　You should also be prepared to make changes in the diet and get accustomed to __7__ local foods and the limited selection of familiar foods in the stores and restaurants.

　　Besides，you will experience some stress and anxiety __8__ you are living in a different culture with different values __9__ your own.You may find that some of your cherished and deeply __10__（hold）values about life may not be equally important to members of your new host culture.

　　（二）

　　（2012·广东汕头二模）

　　One day a young man was standing in the middle of the town proclaiming（宣告）that he had the most beautiful heart in the whole valley.A large crowd __1__（gather），and they all admired his heart for it was perfect.

　　Suddenly，an old man appeared and said，“Why，your heart is not nearly as beautiful as __2__.”The crowd and the young man looked at the old man's heart，which was full of scars.It had places where pieces had been removed and other __3__（piece）put in，but they didn't fit quite right，and there were several jagged（锯齿状的）edges.In fact，in some places there were deep gouges（沟槽）where whole pieces were __4__（miss）.

　　The young man laughed.“Comparing your heart with mine，mine is perfect and yours is a mess of scars.”

　　“Yes，” said the old man，“Yours looks perfect __5__ I would never trade with you.You see，every scar represents a person to __6__ I have given my love.I tear out a piece of my heart and give it to them，and often they give me a piece of their heart that fits into the empty place in my heart.But because the pieces aren't exact，I have some rough edges，which I cherish，because they remind me of __7__ love we shared.Sometimes I have given pieces of my heart away，and the other person hasn't returned a piece of his or her heart __8__ me.These are the empty gouges.Although these gouges are painful，they stay open，__9__（remind）me of the love I have for those people.So now do you see __10__ true beauty is？”

　　（三）

　　（2012·广东珠海第一中学高考模拟试题）

　　Surveys show that although a man and a woman have the same level or handle the same position in an organization，the man would get a higher or bigger compensation package（薪酬）compared __1__ women.Because of this，many women just hold subordinate positions __2__（content）in finance，human resources，sales，manufacturing and other supportive roles.

　　There are still __3__ barriers that prevent women from __4__（reach）their full potentials in the world of employment.Our culture does not encourage women to excel in government __5__ in business­related jobs.Women who are able to make it on top and handle leadership roles are sometimes regarded merely __6__ tokens（象征）.Their abilities and skills __7__（question）by their own peers，and sadly even by other women.

　　__8__ you are a woman who has the interest，ability and drive to pursue management careers，career counseling is of great help to give you direction and increase motivation to pursue your career goals.__9__ will help you have the self­confidence to get you in the same career opportunities open to men in this society __10__ men are preferred for top level positions.

　　（四）

　　（2012·广东湛江一中高三5月份模拟考试）

　　What Patricia Pania wanted to be was a mother and home­maker.But __1__ life was turned upside down when a motorist __2__（distract）by his cell phone，ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car.The impact killed her 2­year­old daughter.Four months later，Pania reluctantly but __3__（courage）decided to try to educate the public and to fight __4__ laws to ban drivers from using cell phones __5__ a car is moving.In her first speech，Pania was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain.But as she got into her speech，a dramatic __6__（transform）took place.She stopped __7__（shake）and spoke with __8__ strong voice.For the rest of her talk，she was a forceful and compelling speaker.She wanted everyone in the audience to know __9__ she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy.Many in the audience were moved to tears and to action.In subsequent presentations，Pania gained reputation __10__ a highly effective speaker.

　　（五）

　　（2012·广东珠海第二次高三英语模拟试题）

　　Ma Wendi is used to curious glances __1__ she walks six dogs at the same time.They are not all hers.__2__ 25­year­old veterinary graduate is a full­time dog walker.

　　“I have to take care of twelve dogs at most，” said Ma.She charges 500 yuan a month per dog，and most customers leave their dogs at her house for a week.The __3__（busy）time is around the Spring Festival，because many people go back to their hometowns for family reunions __4__ go traveling.

　　“__5__（compare）with people who have to be in their offices during the day，I don't have to get up early __6__（squeeze）into the subway carriages in the rush hour，and I still make a decent salary，”she said.

　　“But it's a tiring job.I have to work whenever there are dogs at home，and no time to enjoy __7__.Sometimes I want to go out for a meal or shopping，but I can't do so __8__ I worry about them，”she said.

　　Ma knows __9__ the dogs' names，and when she calls one's name，the dog instantly knows she __10__（refer）to it.

　　（六）

　　（2012·广东汕头一模）

　　My friend Vernon Davies kept birds.One day he phoned and told me he was going away for a week.He asked me to feed __1__ birds for him and said that he would leave the key __2__ his front door in my mailbox.

　　__3__（fortunate），I forgot all about the birds until the night before Vernon was going to return.What was worse，__4__ was already dark when I arrived at his house.I soon found that the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door __5__ the back door.I was getting desperate.I kept thinking of __6__ Vernon would say when he came back.

　　I was just going to give up __7__ I noticed that one bedroom window was slightly open.I found a barrel and pushed it under the window.As the barrel was very heavy，I made a lot of noise.But in the end，I managed to climb __8__ and open the window.

　　I actually had one leg inside the bedroom when I suddenly realized that someone __9__（shine）a torch up at me.I looked down and saw a policeman and an old lady，one of Vernon's neighbours.“What are you doing up there？” said the policeman.__10__（feel）like a complete fool，I replied，“I was just going to feed Mr.Davies' birds.”

　　（七）

　　（2012·广东广州二模）

　　Inequality between men and women results in poorer health for children and greater family poverty（贫穷），according to a new study.The UN agency chief found that，__1__ the situation has slightly improved，many women are still not included in family decisions，__2__ as a result their children are more likely to suffer from poor health.

　　The main finding of the 30­country survey is that equality between men and women is vital to __3__ （improve）living standards and health，especially for children in developing countries.The conclusions are contained in the agency's __4__ （late）report.This report points to a lack of opportunities for girls and women in education and work，which contributes __5__ their poverty and lack of power.Where men control the household，less money __6__ （spend）on healthcare and food，__7__ results in poorer health for children.

　　An increase in

　　__8__ （employ）opportunities for women would increase __9__ household power，the report said.For example，the agency found that whoever has more household income decides __10__ or not it will be used for family needs.

　　（八）

　　（2012·广东佛山普通高中高三教学质量检测（二））

　　The International Red Cross and Red Crescent（弯月）Museum was opened in Geneva in 1988.__1__ tells the story of men and women who，in the course of the major events of the last 150 years，have given assistance __2__ victims of wars and natural disasters.

　　The organization __3__（found）in 1863，and was based on an idea by a Swiss businessman called Henry Dunant.He had witnessed too many __4__（die）and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years __5__（early），in which 40,000 people were killed，wounded or missing.He had seen the lack of medical services and the great suffering of many of the wounded，__6__ simply died from lack of care.The International Red Cross/Red Crescent exists __7__（help）the victims of conflicts and disasters regardless of their nationality.

　　__8__ symbol of the organization was originally just the red cross.It has no religious significance；the founders __9__ the movement adopted it in honor of Switzerland.However，the original symbol，the red cross，could hurt Muslim soldiers' feelings，__10__ a second symbol，the red crescent，was used.Both are now official symbols.

　　（九）

　　Once upon a time，in a small country，people decided to investigate what it was that parents really liked the most.A competition was organised.It would use the __1__（late）invention of Professor Crank­Shafte：the Gladometer（快乐测量仪）.

　　To date，the Gladometer is the only contraption ever __2__（build）capable of measuring joy and happiness.

　　So，one by one，the children presented __3__ own particular talents to their parents.And the Gladometer faithfully measured their parents' reactions.

　　One boy turned up __4__ a trained pig；the pig sang and danced.A girl came and played the violin like an angel.__5__ intelligent boy came and read his very big book.The parents' happiness was easy to see.

　　Finally，a boy came to the Gladometer carrying __6__.Nor did he know how to do anything.When the organizers asked him what he was going to do，he __7__（simple）said，“I am very obedient（顺从的）.”The machine measured such a high reading __8__ it began violently shaking，and finally __9__（explode）.The boy who had done nothing won all the prizes that day，for solving the mystery of __10__ pleases parents the most.

　　二、能力题

　　（一）

　　（2012·广东茂名第二次高考模拟考试）

　　I was feeling sad because my mother was out of job.It left me wondering __1__ was going to happen to us.

　　I got off the college shuttle bus and started walking.Then I heard piano music and singing rising above the noise of the people and the traffic.I walked much__2__ （slow）so I could find out where it was coming __3__.Through the crowd I saw a young lady sitting at a piano with a carriage next to her.She was singing songs__4__

　　love and keeping on trying，and not underestimating（低估）the power within yourself.The way she was singing comforted me a bit.I stood there __5__（watch）her play for about fifteen minutes，thinking that __6__ must take courage to perform on her own in the middle of a crowd.

　　She must have felt my presence because she would occasionally look in my direction.By now I was telling __7__that if she could perform in front of hundreds of people __8__she didn't know，I could at least tell her how good she sounded.I walked over，__9__ （put）some money in her carriage and said，“Thank you.I have been going through a rough time lately，but you've made me __10__（hope）again.”

　　（二）

　　Walk into any main street book store in Britain and you'll see posters of Jamie Oliver.He's not a pop star __1__ a politician.He's a chef who is changing the diets of a whole generation.Oliver has been __2__（great）attracted by food ever since he worked in __3__ father's restaurant as a child.He showed not only __4__ cooking talent at a young age but also a huge interest __5__ creating fresh，honest and delicious food.

　　Oliver __6__（appear）in cookery shows on TV，writes books and magazine articles and shows in cookware advertisements.His __7__（activity），based on the method of producing good，healthy food，have inspired everyone to get busy in the kitchen.

　　Oliver's TV program Jamie's School Dinners brought the chef's popular influence to focus __8__ raising the quality of food served in UK schools.He's helped youngsters to wake up to __9__ they're eating and he's made caring about what you eat cool.Trying to enrich his recipe，he even travels to many places in the US，__10__（taste）different local dishes and discussing cooking with the local people.

　　（三）

　　（2012·广东天河普通高中毕业班综合测试）

　　This Saturday morning I was having a walk around，enjoying the quiet morning，beautiful weather and lovely life，with my dog Jett running __1__（enjoy）beside me.

　　At one home I passed，I noticed a newspaper that __2__（lie）by the roadside instead of near the door.Thinking I would make someone else's life a little __3__（easy），I picked up the paper and gently threw it towards their door.__4__ instead of landing on the doorstep，the paper sailed __5__ the wrong direction because of the strong wind and landed on the roof of a big truck in the driveway.

　　No one saw the funny scene but me and I burst out laughing.It was very quiet and they were probably still sleeping.It was too early to knock on the door and tell the homeowner __6__ their newspaper was.__7__，instead I walked home，got dressed and went to the store to make it right.

　　I returned a little later with a new newspaper and a basket of strawberries freshly __8__（pick）from my garden.I found the homeowner in the driveway with some of his friends.With a deep breath I came up to him and said，“I hope you have a great sense of humor.”I explained what had happened to __9__ newspaper.

　　Hearing this they all laughed loudly and I couldn't help but smile all day.I've heard it said.“Character is what you do __10__ nobody is looking.”I should be a man of character!

　　（四）

　　（2012·广东揭阳一中、金山中学高三第三次模拟联考）

　　As we all know，games play a very important role in the growth of children.Children should grow along with playing games，for，__1__ playing games，they can not only acquire knowledge，but also cultivate their abilities to get along with others.

　　However，most children are __2__（face）with a completely different situation.Most parents fear that games will prevent children from increasing new knowledge and __3__ the children will fail in the future examinations.So，instead of __4__（let）the children __5__ find and learn naturally from their surroundings，they force their children to take part in various kinds of classes，learning English， playing __6__ piano or practising drawing，etc.What's more，some parents put __7__ the children's toys which are very useful in developing children's imagination and practical abilities.

　　__8__ is a piece of good advice to those parents：__9__ you want to expect your child to be able to accomplish something，you must first of all develop his ability to adapt to the new surroundings.That cram education can lead to nothing __10__ a failure in the children's growth.

　　（五）

　　Long long ago，a village had a strange tradition.Each spring，when a boy reached 18，he __1__（give）land and money to build a house.The boy had to complete the house before winter，__2__ if the house was damaged in winter，people would not help him and think him useless，__3__ was demanded by the tradition.

　　One spring，Marc and Paul reached this age and got the money and land according to __4__ tradition.They both went to search for ideas to build their houses.__5__（collect）several good ideas，Marc went back and began to build __6__ house.Paul continued collecting ideas and believed that he could find even __7__（good）ones.

　　Marc's house was completed in autumn.Though it was not perfect，it was strong，Paul，however，rushed to build a house __8__ the beginning of winter.Though it was beautiful，it was too weak to survive a storm and he froze to __9__（die）.

　　Marc's house survived.Each year，he gradually improved his house，and eventually made __10__ perfect.

　　（六）

　　Experts say there are several ways to deal with stress.They include deep breathing and a method of guided thought called meditation.They also include exercise，eating healthy foods，getting enough rest and balancing the time __1__（spend）working and playing.

　　Exercise is one of __2__ most effective stress­reduction measures.Running，walking or playing sports causes physical changes __3__ make you feel better.Exercise also improves the body's defense system __4__ disease.And studies have found that __5__ helps protect against a decrease in mental ability.

　　Doctors say deep，slow breathing is also helpful.Many __6__（medicine）studies have shown that clearing the mind through quiet meditation __7__（help）you become calm.This causes lower blood pressure，reduces muscle tension __8__ decreases heart rate.

　　Experts also say keeping stress to yourself can make problems __9__（bad）.Researchers have linked the failure __10__ identify and express emotions to many health conditions.These include eating disorders，fear disorders and high blood pressure.

　　（七）

　　（2012·广东中山华侨中学高三第三次模拟）

　　In many countries，__1__ is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space.__2__，in the United States，this idea may still be considered odd.

　　But this type of housing，__3__（call）co­housing，is gaining __4__（popular）in the United States，too.Co­housing complexes are popping up across the country.For many people，this way of life is a relief to the busy modern lifestyle.A co­housing community has __5__（private）owned houses and shared land.There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room，meeting room，and maybe a workshop of library or music room.About 25 co­housing communities __6__（build）in recent years，and 150 more are planned.

　　A co­housing complex is a place __7__ residents shop，cook，and eat together.Residents of a co­housing complex like its sense of shared community.Children have other kids to play __8__，__9__ many families like.Other residents like the feeling of living in a “village”.Residents also say that they can live in co­housing for __10__（little）money than that they would pay for nearby apartments.

　　（八）

　　Once upon a time，a poor traveller sto