2016高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（答案）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（答案）--地理（1）

　　A

　　Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you，specifically，what are the values which Americans live by.They have never given the matter any thought.

　　Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States.This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors.I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most(but not all)Americans，and that understanding these values can help you，the international visitor，understand Americans.

　　It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans，they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions—actions which might otherwise appear“strange”，“confusing”，or“unbelievable”when evaluated from the perspective (aspect)of the foreigner’s own society and its values.

　　The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs，assumptions and values of that particular group.When you encounter (meet)an action，or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you，try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.

　　1．An ordinary American can’t tell you his/her value system because________.

　　A．this is something an American lives by

　　B．everyone will have his/her own value system

　　C．he/she has never thought about it

　　D．values are something often in their thought

　　2．The author lists 13 values in his booklet to________.

　　A．invite foreigners to visit America

　　B．look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors

　　C．describe the confusing actions of most Americans

　　D．help international visitors understand Americans

　　3．The underlined word“ingrained”in Line 2，Paragraph 3 most probably means“________”．

　　A．rooted in the minds

　　B．found in the grains

　　C．planted for food

　　D．prepared with grain

　　4．Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange，confusing or unbelievable way，probably because________.

　　A．Americans are hard to understand

　　B．Americans have values which are entirely different from their own

　　C．they view Americans according to the values in their own society

　　D．it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them

　　【解题导语】　本文是一本书的序言。作者观察到，很多外国游客对美国人的行为举止感到很奇怪，而这是因为他们不了解美国人的价值观。于是作者写了一本小册子介绍这些价值观。了解了这些东西，人们就不会觉得美国人的行为“怪异、不可思议”了。

　　1. 答案 C

　　解析：考查细节理解。第一段说，美国人很难告诉你他们奉行的价值观是什么，因为他们从来没有想过这个问题。

　　2. 答案 D

　　解析：考查推理判断。由第二、三段的内容可知作者列出美国人的13条价值观是为了帮助外国游客理解美国人的行为举止。

　　3. 答案 A

　　解析：考查词义猜测。结合上下文内容可知这13条是美国人从来不加考虑而奉行的价值观，因此这些是深深地扎根于美国人的大脑中的东西，画线词的含义应该是A项。

　　4. 答案 C

　　解析：考查推理判断题。第三段说假如外国游客从自己的文化价值观的角度去看美国人的行为，他们就会觉得美国人的行为表现“怪异，让人看不懂，难以相信”，由此可知选C项。

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　　链接1. （2012山东卷）

　　San Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. Anil, Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge, which has attracted international attention, is now a local landmark.

　　The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder, Amos Peters, to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars.

　　The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built, squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over.

　　One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth, and that day's coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask die blessing of the City Council (市政会). The Council approved, and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere jokingly named the bridge "Nutty Narrows. "

　　After architects designed the bridge, Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started construction. They built the 60-foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose (消防水带). It cost $1,000.

　　It didn't take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching them the ropes. The story was picked up by the media, and Nutty arrows became known in newspapers all over the world.

　　In 1983, after 20 years of use, Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted did in July 1983, hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge.

　　Peters died in 1984, and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.

　　67. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to_______.

　　A.

　　offer squirrels a place to cat nuts

　　B.

　　set up a local landmark

　　C.

　　help improve traffic

　　D.

　　protect squirrels

　　68 What happened over the coffee break discussion?

　　A.

　　The committee got the Council's blessing.

　　B. The squirrel bridge idea was born.

　　C. A councilwoman named the bridg

　　D. A squirrel was found dead.

　　69 What does the underlined phrase "teaching them the ropes" probably mean in the text? A. Passing them a rope. B. Directing them to store food for winter. C. Teaching them a lesson.

　　D.

　　Showing them how to use the bridge.

　　70. Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?

　　A. It was replaced by a longer one. B. It was built from wood and metal.

　　C. It was rebuilt after years of use. D. It was designed by Bill Hutch.

　　71. What can we learn about Amos Peters?

　　A. He is remembered for his love of animals.

　　B. He donated $1,000 to build the bridge.

　　C. He was a member of the City Council.

　　D. He was awarded a medal for building the bridge.

　　【难度】一般

　　69.【答案】D

　　【试题解析】词意推测题。本句话的意思是“人们甚至看到松鼠们教给他们的孩子使用绳索”，言下之意是“教给他们怎样使用这座桥”，故答案选D。

　　【难度】一般

　　70.【答案】C

　　【试题解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，经过了20多年的使用，Peters拆除了这座破旧的桥，又重建了一座新桥，故答案选C。

　　【难度】一般

　　链接2. 2010安徽卷

　　The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. ②With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. ③Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages .

　　Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of he engineering itself ,but there is also an environmental cost to be considered .Where valleys(山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed . Besides , water may flow easily through pipes to filds, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.

　　This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation(灌溉). In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores , In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA ,a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys , but much of the water use has been poorly managed.

　　Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation（灌溉） water from underground reserves . Because there is no rainfall in these areas ,such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.

　　72. From the first two paragraphs we learn that

　　A. much of the world’s water is available for use

　　B. people in high rainfall countries feel lucky

　　C. the costs of water redistribution should be considered

　　D. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world

　　73. Which of the following is true?

　　A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.

　　B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.

　　C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 20 years.

　　D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.

　　74. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　A. Steps to improving water use management.

　　B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.

　　C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.

　　D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.

　　75. The text is mainly about

　　A. water supply and increasing population

　　B. water use management and agriculture C. water redistribution and wildlife protection

　　D. water shortages and environmental protection