2016高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（答案）

　　2016高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（答案）--词意猜测解题指导（1）

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　　Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time--at least twenty or thirty years.

　　Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find

　　their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each

　　other and to help them find food. We now know they do not

　　use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.

　　Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands

　　of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its

　　friendship with people.

　　There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a

　　dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they

　　learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 19典型例题

　　met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 19典型例题assenger on a boat called The penguin shot and wounded

　　Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide

　　all ships through the area except for The penguin.

　　Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but manycountries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.

　　1. Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they_______.

　　A. live in groups

　　B. have large brains

　　C. are warm-blooded

　　D. have their own language

　　答案：

　　2. Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around?_______.

　　A. Its nose.

　　B. Its ears.

　　C. Its mouth.

　　D. Its eyes.

　　答案：答案：

　　答案：

　　阅读理解词意猜测解题指导

　　例1 （2012·湖南） When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days.

　　It goes like this: You can’t take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We’d take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didn’t like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Mom’s friend was waiting to give us a ride home—our first car ride of the day.

　　The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence—the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels.

　　Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox—and often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.

　　On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction, where’s the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?

　　I’m writing this right now on an airplane, a means we didn’t try on our Transportation Days and, we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My multimodal mom met me for dinner in the airport. She took a train t meet me.

　　57. The underlined word “paralyzed” (in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to “_______”.

　　Take the Lower Keys March rabbit, for instance. An endangered species that lives in the Lower Florida Keys, this species of cottontail is a great swimmer — it lives on the islands! — but it is already severely affected by development and now by rising levels. According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0. 6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher ground and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat (栖息地) completely.

　　The snowshoe hare, on the other hand, has a color issue. Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators（捕食者）. As the number of days with snow decreases all across the country, however, more and more bunnies arc being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring, making them an easier mark for predators. Researchers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight, but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question. The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down.

　　American pikas or rock rabbits, a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the firs' of these species to go extinct due to climate change. About 7-8 inches long, pikas live high in the cool, damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains. As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (迁徙) to higher ground — but they already occupy the mountaintops. They can't go any higher. The National Wildlife Federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat beats up.

　　The volcano rabbit has the same problem. These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico, and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters, but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher, so they are stuck in the middle. Scientists are concerned about their populations.

　　Native to the US, pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in the American West. They are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world. Their habitats have been destroyed by development. Several populations, such as the Columbia Basin pygmy, almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs. Pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tunnels through the snow to escape predators, but lesser snowfall is leaving them exposed.

　　All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this Easter.

　　42. The word "culprit" ( Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to______.

　　A. criminal B. judge C. victim D. producer

　　[点拨]

　　A 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句后半句：but every year it gets quite a bit