2016年山东省高考英语二轮复习：专题升级训练卷十八 阅读表达（二）

　　2016年高考第二轮复习英语山东版

　　专题升级训练十八　阅读表达(二)

　　A

　　(2012山东潍坊二模)

　　(第1、2、5题每题3分，第3题4分，第4题2分，满分15分)

　　[1] Some expressions describe people who are important，or who at least think they are.One such expression is bigwig.

　　[2] In the seventeenth century，important men in Europe began to wear false hair，called wigs.As years passed，wigs began to get bigger.The size of a man's wig depended on how important he was.The more important he was—or thought he was—______.Today，the expression bigwig is used to make fun of a person who feels important.People never tell someone he is a bigwig.They only use the expression behind his back.

　　[3] Big wheel is another way to describe an important person.A big wheel may be the head of a company，a political leader，a famous movie star.They are big wheels because they are powerful.What they do affects many people.Big wheels give the orders.Other people carry them out.As in many machines，a big wheel makes the little wheels turn.Big wheel became a popular expression after World War.It probably comes from an expression used for many years by people who fix parts of cars and trucks.They said a person rolled a big wheel if he was important and had influence.

　　[4] The top of something is the highest part.So it is not surprising that top is part of another expression that describes an important person.The expression is top banana.A top banana is the leading person in a comedy show.The funniest comedian is called the top banana.The next is second banana，and so on.Why a banana？A comedy act in earlier days often included a part where one of the comedians would hit the others over the head with a soft object. The object was shaped like the yellow fruit：the banana.Top banana still is used mainly in show business.Yet the expression can also be used to describe the top person in any area.

　　1．What's the best title of the text？(no more than 7 words)

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　　2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 6 words)

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　　3．How and when is “bigwig” used in a proper way nowadays？(no more than 20 words)

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　　4．Complete the following sentence with proper words from Paragraph 3.(no more than 3 words)

　　As a big wheel makes the little wheels turn in many machines，powerful people give orders for others to ______.

　　5．Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 into Chinese.

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　　B

　　(2012济南中学二模)

　　(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)

　　[1]A one­person solar car that can be transformed into an electric moped(助力车)，a door light powered by opening and closing a door and a cloak of invisibility(隐身衣)are three innovative inventions recently created by college students.

　　Here comes the sun

　　[2]The 100­kilogram blue solar car invented by 10 students at Southwest University's College of Engineering and Technology in Chongqing has a top with four solar panels that charge the battery that powers the auto.Its speed is between 30­40 kilometers per hour and when fully powered the car can be driven as far as 50 kilometers.

　　[3]“The car is easy to drive.A person without any driving experiences could learn to use it in several minutes.It fits for campus and the golf course，” He Daijie，the leader of the invention team and a senior at the college，told the Global Times.Or if one prefers it can be turned into moped scooter(电动助力车)，he said.

　　Seeing the light

　　[4]Four students at Shenyang University of Technology in Liaoning Province invented a door light powered by electric energy produced by opening and closing a door.

　　[5]The invention won first prize at the First Low Carbon Environmental Creative Competition for College Students(in Liaoning competition area)held recently by the China Environmental Protection Foundation.The students were given 100,000 yuan($15,030)to help them start a business.

　　[6]When people open or close a door，the door produces mechanical energy that could be turned into electric energy.After numerous tests for several months，the students fixed a joint lever(连接杆)above the door that connects the door and a speeding gear case to drive a generator attached to the door and send energy to storage cells.The storage cells provide ______ for the light.

　　[7]A college student's dorm door is opened and closed about 60­100 times a day，which could produce 160­280 milliamps of electric energy.It takes 160 milliamps to keep a light working for at least 10 hours，said Xia Yingbiao，one of the invention team members and a mechanical design and manufacturing and automation junior.

　　[8]“The door light will be mainly used in exits and in buildings such as hospitals and restaurants，” Xia told the Global Times.

　　[9]If light­emitting diode(LED)lights(安全口指示灯)were used with the invention at all entrances in Shenyang schools，about 700,000 kilowatt hours a year would be saved，the team said.The university is applying patents for the invention.

　　Invisibility cloak

　　[10]Many people daydream of an invisibility cloak like Harry Potter's and three graduate students in optics(光学)from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(航空航天)have actually invented one.

　　[11]Special Ferro­electric(铁电体)materials on the cloak reduce the scattering of light of an object wrapped with the cloak，and thus making the object “invisible”，according to Li Peining，one of the three students.

　　[12]“There are many invisibility cloaks based on various theories，but their light frequencies are different because there are some limitations on the frequencies.Our cloak can control all kinds of light frequencies by adjusting them，making the cloak more widely used，” said Li Peining.

　　[13]Li said he is confident about the future of the cloak.“With the appearance and application of new meta­materials，the cloak could be used in military battles and communications，” he said.

　　1．In which fields are invisibility cloaks used？(no more than 10 words)

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　　2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 6 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　3．Which invention do you think is environmentally friendly？Why？(no more than 30 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Or “Here comes the sun”．Because it can make full use of solar power and save gas.(开放题，言之成理即可。)

　　4．What do you think of these college students？(no more than 14 words)

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　　5．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

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　　C

　　(2012山东高考模拟预测二)

　　(共5小题；每小题3分，共15分)

　　[1] Pupils at schools in the UK are being given lessons on how to sleep.The project，run by the charity Sleep Scotland，aims to teach pupils tips，such as the importance of a bedtime routine and avoiding late­night television.

　　[2] Experts say teenagers who seem bad­tempered could actually lack sleep because they go to bed after midnight.The advice for pupils is that they should sleep for more than nine hours a night.Researchers found that after going to bed at midnight，teenagers still ______ for watching television or browsing the Internet.Some pupils were getting as little as four or five hours of sleep a night.

　　[3] One of the schools taking part in the project is Bellahouston Academy in Glasgow.Fiona Patterson，head of the school's Health and Well­being Department，said the survey results were absolutely shocking.“They can't function on so little sleep，” she said.

　　[4] Sleep Scotland says getting enough sleep helps with academic performance and sporting skills.However，going without enough sleep can be linked to obesity(肥胖)and a greater risk of depression.Jane Ansell，director of Sleep Scotland，said，“You wouldn't send somebody to school without having the right amount of food，so why would you send them without enough sleep？”

　　[5] A spokesman for Glasgow City Council said，“We are determined to provide guidance for young people，so they can get the right amount of sleep and make the best of their learning potential.”

　　1．What's the text mainly about？(no more than 10 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　2．Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

　　People who lack sleep can easily gain weight and feel depressed，though.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　3．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 6 words)

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　　4．What are the benefits of getting enough sleep？(no more than 10 words)

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　　5．Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 into Chinese.

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　　参考答案

　　A

　　1. 答案：The Expressions to Describe Important People

　　2. 答案：the bigger the wig he wore

　　3. 答案：It is used behind one's back to make fun of someone who feels important.

　　4. 答案：carry out

　　5. 答案：在早期的喜剧中，常有这样的场景：其中一名喜剧演员会用柔软的物件敲打别的演员们的脑袋。

　　B

　　1. 答案：In military battles and communications.

　　2. 答案：electric energy

　　3. 答案：“Seeing the light”．Because it can save much electricity.

　　4. 答案：They are creative and intelligent.(开放题，言之成理即可。)

　　5. 答案：最近，三项由大学生自主研发的创新发明揭晓，它们分别是：可变成电动助力车的单人驾驶太阳能汽车，用开门关门时产生的能量供电的“自发电”门灯，以及一件神奇的隐身衣。

　　C

　　1. 答案：Sleeping lessons given to pupils in the UK.

　　2. 答案：However，going without enough sleep can be linked to obesity(肥胖) and a greater risk of depression.

　　3. 答案：stay awake/up

　　4. 答案：Getting enough sleep helps with academic performance and sporting skills.

　　5. 答案：我们决定为青少年提供帮助，这样他们就能得到充足睡眠，充分发挥学习的潜力。