2016年高考第二轮复习英语陕西版题型技法指导
专题一 语音知识
真题试做
(一)
(2012·陕西高考)
1.regard
A.design
B.gentle
C.college
D.forget
2.refuse
A.discuss
B.rude
C.focus
D.excuse
3.charge
A.toothache
B.machine
C.search
D.Christian
4.field
A.quiet
B.piece
C.friend
D.experience
5.tapes
A.potatoes
B.speeches
C.cakes
D.bridges
(二)
(2012·全国高考Ⅱ)
1.theater
A.treasure
B.wheat
C.season
D.realize
2.persuade
A.usual
B.insist
C.sugar
D.trousers
3.company
A.alone
B.carrot
C.money
D.knock
4.opposite
A.service
B.outside
C.pioneer
D.police
5.society
A.official
B.recent
C.chocolate
D.difficult
考向分析
语音基础知识的考查是陕西等省近几年的必考题型。语音试题属于英语基础知识的考查。主要考查学生的单词辨音能力。
分析近几年高考英语试题可知,高考语音知识考查呈现如下规律:
1.考查单词中字母及字母组合的发音,给出的单词既有单音节词,又有双音节和多音节词。
(1)2008-2012年全国Ⅱ卷和陕西卷中,考查元音、辅音以及字母组合,字母组合是难点。2012年全国Ⅱ卷考查了1个字母组合读音;陕西卷考查了3个字母组合读音。
(2)许多元音字母,辅音字母,字母组合的发音反复考查。例如:a,i,u;c,s;ie,ea,ou,or,ow;ch,th,ng,nk,sion等。
2.高考语音考查的单词很常用,不生僻。全都是选自《考试大纲》中的词汇。
3.从命题规律看,遵循“三元两辅”原则,有时也会考查特殊情况。
答题步骤
1.判断所给单词画线部分读音。
2.分析备选项中四个单词画线部分读音。
3.能确定的读音,可用选择法完成试题;也可用排除法把发音相差较大的选项首先淘汰,减少干扰项。
4.根据所掌握的读音知识与规则检查所选择的答案是否正确。
技法指导
1.掌握基本的英语语音常识和读音规则,重点复习考纲词汇中常用的实词的发音
2.熟悉掌握常见词尾的读音
(1)名词复数词-s/-es的读音
①在清辅音/t/,/p/,/f/,/k/,/θ/后读/s/。如:books//,maps//,roofs//,passports//
②在浊辅音/n/,/m/,/v/,/l/,/e/和元音后读/z/。如:buttons//,customers//,bamboos//,stadiums//,dollars//
③在//,//,//,/s/,/z/后读/Iz/。如:churches//,bridges//,matches//,brushes//,licenses//,roses//
注意:下列五个名词的复数形式读音特殊,需特别注意。
bath//—baths//
house//—houses//
mouth//—mouths//
path//—paths//
youth//—youths//
(2)规则动词过去式、过去分词词尾/的读音
①在清辅音后读/t/。如:shocked//,pronounced//,worked//,laughed//
②在浊辅音和元音后读/d/。如:performed//,removed//,starved//,settled//,suffered//
③在/t/和/d/后读/Id/。如:translated//,reminded//,protected//
(3)词尾和的读音
①tion位于词尾在辅音字母s之后读//,中学英语课本中常见的有两个,即:question//和suggestion//
但tion位于词尾时常读作//,这类词考纲中有很多。如:application//,communication//,consideration//,expedition//,generation//,immigration//,occupation//,prescription//
②(s)sion在词尾时也有两种读音:元音后通常发/?n/,辅音后通常发/?n/
//:decision,division,revision,conclusion,television
//:permission,impression,possession,admission,profession,discussion
3.相似音的区别
(1)/eI/,/e/和//
①/eI/
字母(组合) 规则及例词
a 在重读开音节及少数非重读音节中:population,native,dangerous,patient,operate,labour,navy,liberate,favourite
ai 在重读音节中:praise,daily,fail,straight,mail
ea great,break
ei 在重读音节中:weight,eight,neighbour
②/e/
字母(组合) 规则及例词
a 在many,any与any构成的合成词中:anyone,anything,anywhere
e 在重读闭音节中:precious,fresh,medicine,effort
u bury
ea 在重读音节中:ahead,breath,weather,sweater,instead,health,dealt,meant,dreamt,pleasure,heavy,bread
ai said
ay says
ie friends
③//
字母(组合) 规则及例词
a 在重读闭音节中:practice,nationality,packet,carry
(2)//和//
①//
字母(组合) 规则及例词
a 一般在字母n,s,th,ph前:advance,task,demand,rather,telegraph,plant
au laugh,aunt
ar garden,market,farther,article,march,pardon
ear heart
al half,calm
②//
字母(组合) 规则及例词
o 在某些重读音节中:above,cover,stomach,comfortable,dozen
u 重读闭音节或部分非重读音节中:discuss,hungry,umbrella,club
ou southern,young,courage,cousin,double,tough
oo blood,flood
4.特殊读音
英语中极少数单词的个别字母或字母组合读音特殊,将这类词总结如下:
a/e?/ Mary,parent,various,area
/e/ many,any
e/I?/ experience,material,period,serious,zero
o// one,once
ea/I?/ area,idea,European,real,really,realize,theatre
ie/I?/ experience
/aI?/ quiet,science,society,diet,scientist,scientific
/e/ friend
oor// poor
c// appreciate,especial,musician,official,social,special,ocean
t// patient
// century,picture,actual
误区警示
1.相同元音字母(组合)的不同发音
(2012·全国高考Ⅱ)
1.theater
A.treasureB.wheat
C.season
D.realize
【错混透析】本题考查元音字母组合ea的发音。ea的发音有4种://如:meat,pea,real,breathe,tea等;/I?/如:idea,realize,theater等;/e/如:feather,breakfast,breath,thread等;/eI/如:great,break,steak和breakthrough,故本题正确答案为D项。
2.相同辅音字母(组合)的不同发音
(2012·陕西高考)
charge
A.toothache
B.machine
C.search
D.Christian
【错混透析】本题考查辅音字母组合ch的发音。ch的发音有3种://如:chick,teacher,achieve等;/k/如:headache,chemistry等;//如:machine,moustache,Chicago等。故本题正确答案为C项。
3.特殊读音
(2012·陕西高考)
field
A.quiet
B.piece
C.friend
D.experience
【错混透析】本题答案为B项。ie的发音有//,//,/e/,/I?/。
(一)
1.tongue
A.comment
B.government
C.movement
D.motto
2.appeal
A.sneaker
B.steak
C.wealth
D.great
3.salt
A.chalk
B.calm
C.almost
D.half
4.smooth
A.bathroom
B.cloth
C.health
D.southern
5.who
A.what
B.white
C.whole
D.why
(二)
1.radium
A.analyze
B.astronomer
C.certainty
D.blame
2.defeat
A.great
B.bread
C.steal
D.deadly
3.link
A.handle
B.bank
C.within
D.instruct
4.challenge
A.machine
B.stomach
C.achievement
D.technology
5.offer
A.bother
B.nervous
C.observe
D.prefer
(三)
1.complete
A.president
B.these
C.splendid
D.send
2.forget
A.concern
B.worthy
C.surround
D.circulation
3.extraordinary
A.excuse
B.explanation
C.existence
D.exhibition
4.designed
A.astonished
B.persuaded
C.stopped
D.whispered
5.pressure
A.assessment
B.expression
C.address
D.possession
(四)
1.annual
A.paper
B.grant
C.plane
D.vase
2.comb
A.doubt
B.bread
C.breath
D.bride
3.pear
A.heart
B.clear
C.early
D.bear
4.Group
A.touch
B.south
C.soup
D.ought
5.trees
A.actors
B.shops
C.coats
D.buses
(五)
1.zoo
A.foot
B.wood
C.food
D.book
2.nursery
A.sugar
B.usually
C.phrase
D.precious
3.raise
A.remain
B.said
C.mountain
D.bargain
4.recycle
A.receive
B.regular
C.remarry
D.refer
5.thorough
A.rough
B.laughter
C.throughout
D.cough
参考答案
专题一 语音知识
命题调研·明晰考向
真题试做
(一)
1~5 DDCBC
(二)
1~5 DBCAB
创新模拟·预测演练
(一)
1~5 BACDC
( 二)
1~5 DCBCA
(三)
1~5 BCADB
(四)
1~5 BADCA
(五)
1~5 CDACC
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