Book 4
Unit 2
Working the land
一,几种表省略的句式
If ever:如果曾经发生过的话,常与seldom 连用
如:She seldom, if ever(=if she has ever been to the cinema), goes to the cinema
The island is seldom, if ever (=if the island has ever been visited by ships), visited by ships.
2. If any 如果有的话=if there is/are
There are, if any(if there are any mistakes), few mistakes.
3. If so: 如果这样的话。so代表前面整个表肯定句子。
4. If not:如果不这样 not 代替前面整个否定的句子
5. If possible =If it is possible
二,名词性从句复习
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连接词:that, whether, if
(不充当从句的任何成分)
连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose,
which(哪一个).(主语或宾语)
连接副词:when, where, how, why,wherever, whenever,however(状语),
与定语从句的区别
名词性从句 which
哪一个 定语从句:which 指代某物或某情况
2.名词性从句 that---只起连接
定语从句that---主语或宾语
what, how 不用于定语从句
what=all that重点单词
1.struggle for为……而奋斗
fight against为反对……而斗争
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
2. reduce...to...减少到
reduce …by 减少了
rise/increase… to增加到
rise/increase… by增加了 be on the rise 在上升,在上涨
3.supply sb. with sth.供应,供给(强调必需品)=supply sth.to sb.
in short supply 供应不足
supply and need:供需
易混辨异
与 provide; offer(意思,结构上的区别)
(1)provide 提供
provide sth. for sb./ provide sb. with sth.
(2)offer: 主动提供
offer sb. sth.或 offer to do sth.;offer 还可表示“出价,开价”
4. equip vt. & vi.装备; 配备
1) equip...with...用……装备……(或提供)(be equipped with)
如:equip the office with computers; equip children with education(给孩子提供教育)
2)equip...for sth.为了……而装备(准备)……
如: They equipped themselves for the expedition 他们为远征作好装备
A good education should equip you for your life
3)equipment n.
装备;设备(不可数名词)
5.expand v. 扩大;增强
易混辨异 expand, extend, spread, stretch
(1)expand (尺寸,范围的)扩大,膨胀,展开。
如; Metals expand when they are heated. Our foreign trade has expanded recently.
As children grow older they expand their interests and become more confident.
(2)extend (时间和空间)伸出,延伸
如; extend a fence 扩建篱笆The road extends for miles . 这条路绵延数里
(3)spread 传播,散布。(4)stretch 伸展,拉长,一般指由曲变直不是加长。
如; He woke up and stretched.他醒来后,伸了伸懒腰。
6. regret to do sth. 遗憾/抱歉要去做 (现在)regret doing sth. 后悔曾经做过某事(过去)
remember to do :记得要做某事(将来)
remember doing : 记得曾经做过某事(过去)
forget to do;忘记要做某事(过去)
forget doing;某事做过但忘了(过去)
meant to do: 打算做某事
mean doing;意味着做某事
try to do ; 尽力做某事
try doing;尝试做某事
7. due
1)应付的,到期的
The rent is due tomorrow
2)应有的,正当的,适当的 make due contributions to our country 作出应有的贡献
in due time:在适当的时机
3)应到的,预订的,约定
The plane is due at 8.
Mr.Hill will be due to lecture twice tomorrow.
4)due to 因为,由于, 不可位于句首。
8.lead to 导致;通向
lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事
take the lead 带头;居首位 leading 主要的,重要的 leading characters :主人公;重要角色
as heavy as lead 铅一般地沉重,非常重(此处lead: 铅)
9. export 出口
import 进口
exotic 由外国引进的,exclude;把某人排除在外,include 包括在内
ex-wife:前妻
10. therefore= consequently=accordingly=thus= As a consequence
11. born into a poor family 出生于贫困家庭
12. be rich/abundant in:富含
China is abundant in natural resources.
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