2016届北师大版高三一轮总复习英语课时作业4

　　课时作业(四)　必修1　Unit 2　Heroes

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　(2012·皖北协作区高三联考)

　　The wisdom my 77­year­old father has passed on to me came more through osmosis (潜移默化) than lectures.My dad’s__1__shines through all his life. Old age hasn’t__2__him，mainly because he doesn’t think almost 80 is old.He had ever trained for a charity (慈善)__3__across the Hudson River in New York.He wore his custom­fitted diving suit，but he still got so__4__.We warmed him and wrapped him in a sleeping bag.“Oh，__5__，it isn’t that bad，” he’d say，“I am fine.” He is always fine.He did__6__the Hudson River swim a month later.

　　If you ask my father whether or not his life has been hard，he will say he is__7__.He means the kind of happiness that comes from__8__a well­cooked family meal，taking a good long run or growing a perfect tomato.Did I mention that he used to run marathons before his knee replacement surgery？He’s the one who__9__me I could do it，too.“__10__can run a marathon，” he said，“as long as you keep training.”

　　My father was born in 1933.His childhood took a__11__at the beginning of World War Ⅱ：His father joined the French Army and was__12__by the Germans and spent the war in a prison camp.My dad and his mother and sister were shipped off to New Jersey to live with relatives.His mother__13__from depression，and Dad went to boarding school in New England from the sixth grade on.Yet in all Dad’s usual dinner table__14__，there have been many times when he turned them into__15__stories.

　　After a family dinner the other night，Papa Bob advised us to try the skydiving__16__.“Sixty­five seconds of free falling，”he said.“I__17__it.I should have been a paratrooper (伞兵)．”

　　He loves getting cards in the mail，and usually I’m__18__，so instead I call him on Father’s Day.But this year I’ve__19__to be early for once.I want to let him know how much he__20__to me.Dad，thank you —for all and mostly for your enduring faith that everything will be OK.

　　1．A.abilityB．gentleness

　　C．optimism

　　D．humor

　　2．A.comforted

　　B．slowed

　　C．punished

　　D．accused

　　3．A.swim

　　B．donation

　　C．volunteer

　　D．activity

　　4．A.warm

　　B．sad

　　C．calm

　　D．cold

　　5．A.come out

　　B．come back

　　C．come over

　　D．come on

　　6．A.complete

　　B．stop

　　C．delay

　　D．celebrate

　　7．A.ordinary

　　B．young

　　C．disabled

　　D．lucky

　　8．A.sharing

　　B．containing

　　C．destroying

　　D．buying

　　9．A.informed

　　B．appointed

　　C．insisted

　　D．convinced

　　10．A.Anyone

　　B．Someone

　　C．None

　　D．Others

　　11．A.step

　　B．turn

　　C．sigh

　　D．dream

　　12．A.killed

　　B．caught

　　C．driven

　　D．fired

　　13．A.resulted

　　B．judgedC．suffered

　　D．separated

　　14．A.experiences

　　B．manners

　　C．stories

　　D．news

　　15．A.foolish

　　B．great

　　C．short

　　D．aggressive

　　16．A.chance

　　B．adventure

　　C．visit

　　D．movement

　　17．A.loved

　　B．hated

　　C．used

　　D．assessed

　　18．A.late

　　B．early

　　C．noisy

　　D．quiet

　　19．A.refused

　　B．permitted

　　C．allowed

　　D．decided

　　20．A.occurs

　　B．possesses

　　C．means

　　D．proves

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·合肥市第一次质量检测)

　　As students enter the school building，they are easy targets of peer pressure.Students may become involved in activities that are dangerous to themselves，or others，due to peer pressure.

　　Drugs，including alcohol，are a major part of peer pressure.A research institute reports that about 30 percent of the teenagers are offered drugs in middle and high schools.The majority of teens consume their first drink of alcohol at the age of 13.The National Household Survey on drug use and health from the Department of Health and Human Services informs the public that 74.3 percent of the high school students have tried alcohol.A large percentage of those who drink alcohol are also smokers.The American Lung Association points out that about 3.1 million adolescents are smokers in the US.Almost 25 percent of teens between 17 and 18 are regular smokers. Peer pressure can affect the behavior，clothing choice，music and movie choice and even the personality.Academics can also be affected by peer influence.People can be affected by these factors and remain completely unaware of the changes in their lifestyle，but some people do realize when they are being pressured.Just by simply spending time with others，a person can become more like them.

　　“If you are being pressured to do things that you know are wrong，” Sheats，a senior，said，“you should get out of that situation and tell a trusted adult.” For people to avoid becoming a victim of peer pressure，they must make their own decisions.Judgment of a situation based on one’s morals is very important in peer pressure situations.“People，” Sheats added，“should follow their own hearts.” 1．The passage is mainly about________.

　　A．peer influence

　　B．teenagers’ lifestyles

　　C．academic pressure

　　D．moral judgment

　　2．According to the second paragraph，________.

　　A．teen smokers are more than teen alcoholics

　　B．almost a quarter of teens are regular smokers

　　C．most teens begin to try alcohol at the age of 13

　　D．about 30% of teenagers try drugs in middle school

　　3．It can be inferred from the passage that________.

　　A．no one knows they are being influenced by their friends

　　B．teenagers tend to spend more time with their friends

　　C．people are more easily influenced by those around them

　　D．peer pressure affects people’s behavior rather than academics

　　4．Sheats suggests when being pressured to do something awful，we teens should________.

　　A．ask our peers for help

　　B．keep it a secret from our parents

　　C．accept our peers’ decisions

　　D．make decisions on our own morals

　　B

　　(2016·郑州市第二次质量预测)

　　About 1 500 years ago the Japanese imported many aspects of Chinese culture：the writing system，political institutions，and perhaps the most important，Buddhism.Buddhist priests were expected to eat only vegetables，and tofu (豆腐)，made from the soybean，was a very important food in their diet.When Buddhism was introduced from China，tofu was also brought to Japan.

　　Tofu developed in different ways in China and Japan.While the Chinese often changed the taste of tofu by mixing it with strongly­flavored vegetables or meat，the Japanese preferred to eat it using only a simple sauce.Even now，traditional Japanese cooking preserves the original delicacy of tofu，though the way it is served may change from season to season.In summer，for example， it is simply served cold，while in winter it is often eaten as part of a hot dish.

　　The soybean was introduced to the West in the 18th century，but little interest was taken in it.Only scientists recognized its high food value.During the Second World War，when meat was in short supply，the US government encouraged the American people to eat soybean products.However，they never became very popular and，after the war，interest in them dropped off as the supply of meat became plentiful again.

　　In recent years，people in the west have become increasingly aware of the dangers of eating too much animal fat，and as a result，they have turned more and more to soybean products.This is mainly because the soybean provides almost the same food value as meat，and in addition it is a lot more healthful.Much of the margarine (人造黄油)，salad oil and cooking oil in daily use is now produced from soybean oil.Tofu，a representative soybean product and originally one of the main foods in the diet of Chinese priests，is considered to be one of the healthiest foods available to man.

　　5．Tofu came to Japan together with Buddhism because________.

　　A．Buddhist priests ate tofu rather than vegetables

　　B．it was a very important food in the diet of Buddhist priests

　　C．the religion came to Japan together with political institutions

　　D．the religion was the most important aspect of Chinese culture

　　6．How are Japanese tofu dishes different from Chinese tofu dishes?

　　A．They are preserved in the original taste.

　　B．They are served the same way throughout the year.

　　C．They have a better taste than Chinese tofu dishes.

　　D．They have a greater variety than Chinese tofu dishes.

　　7．Why did the US government encourage its people to eat soybean products in wartime?

　　A．Americans recognized their high food value.

　　B．Little interest was taken in the soybean products.

　　C．Meat was less available than before.

　　D．They were found to taste very good.

　　8．The western people become interested in tofu and other soybean products because________.

　　A．they have become tired of eating meat

　　B．meat has become too expensive to buy

　　C．these products are more readily available

　　D．eating too much animal fat is considered unhealthy

　　答案：

　　课时作业(四)　

　　.完形填空

　　语篇解读：　作者的父亲用实际行动告诉作者——笑对人生的人比在挫折面前悲悲戚戚的人更能得到快乐的垂青，这让作者受益匪浅，对父亲深怀感激之情。

　　1．解析：　根据下文可知，“我”的父亲比较乐观(optimism)。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　根据下文的“mainly because he doesn’t think almost 80 is old”可知，“我”的父亲并不认为将近八十岁了就老了，即年龄大并没有让他慢(slowed)下来。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　根据下文的“He wore his custom­fitted diving suit”以及“He did__6__the Hudson River swim a month later.”可知，“我”的父亲曾经为参加一个慈善游泳(swim)活动训练过。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　根据__4__空前面的“but”以及下文的“We warmed him and wrapped him in a sleeping bag.”可知，“我”的父亲仍然感到很冷(cold)。

　　答案：　D

　　5．解析：　根据上下文内容可知，此处表示“得了吧(come on)，没那么糟糕”。

　　答案：　D

　　6．解析：　“我”的父亲一个月后的确游完(complete)了哈德逊河。

　　答案：　A

　　7．解析：　如果你问“我”的父亲生活是否艰难，他会说自己很幸运(lucky)。

　　答案：　D

　　8．解析：　他的意思是这种幸福感来源于共享(sharing)精心烹制的家常便饭……

　　答案：　A

　　9．解析：　由下文的“I could do it，too”以及“as long as you keep training”可知，“我”的父亲使“我”相信(convinced)“我”也能参加马拉松赛跑。

　　答案：　D

　　10．解析：　由下文的“as long as you keep training”可知，此处表示任何人(Anyone)都可以参加马拉松赛跑。

　　答案：　A

　　11．解析：　根据下文的“His father joined the French Army and was__12__by the Germans and spent the war in a prison camp.”可知，“我”的父亲于1933年出生，在二战初他的童年发生了变化(turn)。

　　答案：　B

　　12．解析：　根据后面的“spent the war in a prison camp”可知，“我”的祖父被捕(caught)了。

　　答案：　B

　　13．解析：　他的母亲患(suffered)有抑郁症。suffer from表示“遭受”。

　　答案：　C

　　14．解析：　根据15空后面的“stories”可知，此空应用“stories”。

　　答案：　C

　　15．解析：　有很多次“我”的父亲把他餐桌上很平常的故事变成了非常了不起的(great)故事。

　　答案：　B

　　16．解析：　根据下文的“Sixty­five seconds of free falling”可知，爸爸建议我们尝试特技跳伞冒险(adventure)活动。

　　答案：　B

　　17．解析：　根据下文的“I should have been a paratrooper (伞兵)”可推知，“我”的父亲热爱(loved)跳伞运动。

　　答案：　A

　　18．解析：　根据下文的“so instead I call him on Father’s Day.But this year I’ve __19__to be early for once.”可知，“我”常常向父亲表示祝贺晚(late)了。

　　答案：　A

　　19．解析：　根据上下文内容以及“But”可知，今年“我”决定(decided)这一次要早一点儿向父亲表示祝贺。

　　答案：　D

　　20．解析：　根据下文内容可知，“我”想要父亲知道他对“我”有多重要(means)。

　　答案：　C

　　.阅读理解

　　语篇解读：　来自同辈的压力很容易影响在校的学生，让他们随波逐流，做出不应该做的事情。鉴于此，青少年应该有自己的道德观，而不是盲目跟从。

　　1．解析：　主旨大意题。文章第一段开门见山地点明了本文的主题，再结合第三段中的内容可知，本文主要是谈论”同辈的影响”，故选A。

　　答案：　A

　　2．解析：　细节理解题。根据本段的第三句“The majority of teens consume their first drink of alcohol at the age of 13.”可知，大部分青少年在13岁时开始尝试饮酒。

　　答案：　C

　　3．解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句可推知，人们更容易受周围人的影响。

　　答案：　C

　　4．解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后两句可知，Sheats建议青少年应该凭自己的道德作决定，其余三项均不恰当。

　　答案：　D

　　语篇解读：　豆腐是中国的传统食品，它伴随着佛教传入日本。近些年，西方人也开始意识到吃过多肉类的危害，看到了豆制品的价值。豆腐被认为是最有价值的食品之一。5．解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“Buddhist priests...to eat only vegetables，and tofu...”可知，豆腐当时是佛教僧人的主要食物，因此也一起伴随着佛教传入了日本。

　　答案：　B

　　6．解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句话“...traditional Japanese cooking preserves the original delicacy of tofu”可知，答案选A。

　　答案：　A

　　7．解析：　细节理解题。由第三段第三句话“During the Second World War，when meat was in short supply，the US government encouraged the American people to eat soybean products.”可知，美国政府在战争期间鼓励吃豆制品的原因是当时肉类供应短缺。

　　答案：　C

　　8．解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句话“...aware of the dangers of eating too much animal fat”可知，西方人担心吃太多动物脂肪会带来健康危害。

　　答案：　D