纯正美语发音100个秘诀：第七章 发音基本功 （三）相互同化

第三节 相互同化


秘诀25


相互同化（1）


相互同化就是前后两个连在一起得音念起来不太方便，于是连在一起的两个音就互为影响而混合成一个新的、折衷的、比较好念的音，使之念起来顺口、听起来顺儿、看起来顺眼。此类同化并非是随意的，而是有规可循的。主要的变化如下：


[ s ]+[ j ]= [ F ]


在此情况下基本上都连读


God bless you.


IPA: [ gBd bles◡ju:] — [ s ]+[ j ]= [ F ] –口语中读音[ gB〈d 〉` bleFu:]


K.K: [ gBd blZs◡ju] — [ s ]+[ j ]= [ F ] –口语中读音[ gB〈d 〉` blZFu]


Now look what a mess you’ve made. 瞧你弄得乱七八糟。


Do you miss your family? 你想念家人吗？


I shall miss you very much. 我会非常想念你的。


秘诀26


相互同化（2）


[ t ]+[ j ]= [ tF ]


在此情况下基本上都连读


How about you?


IPA: [ hBJ E`bBJt◡ju:] — [ t ]+[ j ]= [ tF ] –口语中读音[ hBu E`bBJtFu:]


K.K: [ hBJ E`bBJt◡ju] — [ t ]+[ j ]= [ tF ] –口语中读音[ hBJ E`bBJtFu]


Take care that you don’t spoil your new clothes.


A: I’m very glad to meet you.


B: It’s a pleasure to meet you.


I’m sorry to tell that you’ve been dismissed.


秘诀27


相互同化（3）


[ d ]+[ j ]= [ dV ]


在此情况下基本上都连读


Could you tell me where the bus stop is?


IPA: [ kJd◡ju:] — [ d ]+[ j ]= [ dV ] –口语中读音[ kJdVu:]


K.K: [kJd◡ju] — [ d ]+[ j ]= [ dV ] –口语中读音[ kJdVu]


A: Did you panic?


B: Of course! It was awful!


Would you show me the bathroom, please?


Would you care to go for a walk with me? （Care of 想）


Could you do me a favor?


Could you possibly give me a lift home? 你能让我搭个便车回家吗？


秘诀28


因发音部位的影响而发生的同化


当很快地说 This shield 或 horseshoe 时，this 或 horse 的词尾的齿龈音[s]，受后面的 shield 或 shoe 词头的硬颚音[F]的影响，也变为[F]了。因而就念成了[ `TIF `Fild]、[ `hCrF 9Fu]。


[s]之后跟[F]或[j]时，[s]常被同化为[F] [s]--[F]。如：


this ship [ TIs FIp]--[ TIF FIp]


[z]之后跟[j]或时[F]，常被同化为[V]； [s]--[V]。如：


Has she come? [hAz Fi: kQm]--[hAz Fi: kQm]


He tell you the truth.


秘诀29


当齿龈鼻音[n]出现在软颚音[k]或[g]前面时，它就变成软颚鼻音[N]


[n]+[k]或[g]=[N]


Thank you.


IPA: [WANk ju:] [n]+[k]=[Nk]


K.K: [WANk ju] [n]+[k]=[Nk]


I take a walk along the river bank every morning.


I think I can learn to speak good English in one month.


Hunger is best sauce.


He hungered for her love.


I was angered by his refusal to come to the party.


秘诀30


[ p ] + [ n ] = [m]


把 open ，happen 分别念为[ `EJpm]，[ `hApm]，一般是在快速的谈话中比较随便、含糊的发音。这种发音，在IPA和K.K中都有。在这里不仅发生了减音的现象，而且发生了同化的现象。按照比较正规的念法， open , happen 应分别念为[ `EJpEn]，[ `hApEn]，轻音节中都有一个模糊的元音[E]。但在前面有减音和同化现象的注音里，元音[E]完全省去，由此而剩下的辅音群[pn]，两个辅音的发音部位不同。[p]是双唇音，[n]是齿龈音，念起来不太方便。所以就发生了同化作用。[p]把[n]同化为双唇音[m]，这样就形成了两个双唇音的辅音群[pm]，念起来就方便多了。


He lives by his pen.


All of his dealings are in the open.


Let’s be open with each other.


I want you to be open with me about your money problems, so I can help you.


Do you happen to know his new telephone number?


秘诀31


“清”与“浊”之间的同化


当 north, south, worth 三个词变为形容词时，这些词原来词尾的[W]因为受了后面元音的影响，就变成了浊音[T]：


north [nCrW] northern [ `nCrTLn]


south [sBuW] southern [ `sQTLn]


worth [w*W] worthy [ `w*TI]


She has traveled in northern countries.


The southern half of the country is a desert.


She says help only the worthy poor.


This book is worthy of being read [ to be read ].