（3年高考2年模拟）2016届高三英语二轮突破 阅读理解特训9（含解析）

　　《阅读理解特训：3真2模含解析》2016届高三英语二轮突破9

　　C5 [2016·广东卷]

　　C

　　One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family，” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I'm very worried about him. Can you help？”

　　I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn't have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.

　　The first two times we met, David didn't say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me. It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.

　　Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?

　　“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.

　　“It's

　　your turn，” he said.

　　After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.

　　Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.

　　36．When he first met the author, David ________．

　　A. felt a little excited

　　B. walked energetically

　　C. looked a little nervous

　　D. showed up with his teacher

　　37．As a psychologist, the author

　　________．

　　A. was ready to listen to David

　　B. was skeptical about psychology

　　C. was able to describe David's problem

　　D. was sure of handling David's problem

　　38．David enjoyed being with the author because he________．

　　A．wanted to ask the author for advice

　　B．needed to share sorrow with the author

　　C．liked the children's drawings in the office

　　D．beat the author many times in the chess game

　　39．What can be inferred about David?

　　A．He recovered after months of treatment.

　　B．He liked biking before he lost his family.

　　C．He went into university soon after starting to talk.

　　D．He got friends in school before he met the author.

　　40．What made David change?

　　A．His teacher's help.

　　B．The author's friendship.

　　C．His exchange of letters with the author.

　　D．The author's silent communication with him.

　　【要点综述】 对于一个自闭的孩子，心理医生最好的疗法或许就是默默地和他一块感受他的痛苦……

　　36．C 　细节理解题。由第一段的“…and his hands shaking slightly.”可以看出，第一次见面时David有点紧张。

　　37．A　细节理解题。由第二段的“Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.”可以看出，他已准备好了聆听。

　　38．B　细节理解题。在第五段中，作者对小男孩愿意来找他的原因进行了猜测：“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，” I thought.“Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”由此可知答案。

　　39．A　推理判断题。经过作者的治疗，David已经恢复了正常：started talking, got friends in school and joined a bicycle club，同时给作者写信描述了自己目前的生活以及对将来生活的打算。由此可知答案。

　　40．D　细节理解题。由文章可知，是作者的正确治疗方法，才使David恢复得那么好。他的方法就是：is to listen openly and sympathetically，具体的做法就是默默地和他下棋。

　　C5 [2016·广东卷]

　　D

　　While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor(监控器)a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.

　　Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer's Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked—remotely—to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down?

　　In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting_edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid—that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers.

　　Although online classes have existed for more than a decade，the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of “open online courses.” Private colleges，public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students，while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.

　　Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high－tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students' identities using personal information，such as the telephone numbers they once used.

　　Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes，term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.

　　41．Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?

　　A．To correct her typing mistakes.

　　B．To find her secrets in the room.

　　C．To prevent her from slowing down.

　　D．To keep her from dishonest behaviors.

　　42．The underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________．

　　A．advanced technique

　　B．sharpening tool

　　C．effective rule

　　D．dividing line

　　43．For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if ________．

　　A．they can attract potential students

　　B．they can defeat academic cheating

　　C．they offer students online help

　　D．they offer many online courses

　　44．Some programs can find out possible cheaters by ________．

　　A．checking the question answering speed

　　B．producing a large number of questions

　　C．scanning the Internet test questions

　　D．giving difficult test questions

　　45．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

　　A．The Advantages of Online Exams

　　B．The High－tech Methods in Online Courses

　　C．The Fight Against Cheating in Online Education

　　D．The War Against the Booming of Online Education

　　【要点综述】 开放网络教学为人们的知识升级打开了便捷之门，如何保证其教育和学习的质量，防止考试时作弊，现在科技手段在发挥着重要的作用……

　　41．D　推理判断题。第二段告诉我们监控的目的：“Her

　　Internet

　　access

　　was

　　locked—remotely—to

　　prevent

　　Internet

　　searches, and

　　her

　　typing

　　style

　　was

　　analyzed

　　to

　　make

　　sure

　　she

　　was

　　who she said

　　she

　　was: Did

　　she

　　enter

　　her

　　student

　　number

　　at

　　the

　　same

　　speed

　　as

　　she

　　had

　　in

　　the

　　past？”这些措施都是为了监督其考试中不发生不诚实的行为。该题也可结合常识确定答案。

　　42．A 　词义理解题。从上文的描述及下文的“a

　　key”，“The

　　technology”可以看出，这是一个先进的技术，是确保网络考试真实的关键。

　　43．B 　细节理解题。关键信息：valid。由第三段的“Internet

　　universities

　　show

　　that

　　their

　　exams

　　and

　　diplomas

　　are

　　valid — that

　　students

　　haven't

　　just

　　searched

　　the

　　Internet

　　to

　　get

　　the

　　right

　　answers.”可知答案。破折号后的内容指的就是选项中所说的：defeat academic cheating。

　　44．A 　细节理解题。由最后一段的“…by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.”可以看出一些软件是通过设置部分难题，通过对答题速度的检测来判断考试者是否在作弊。

　　45．C　主旨大意题。文章论述的是为了提高开放网络教学的可信度所使用的高科技监考手段，由此可知C项最能概括全文。

　　C5 [2016·江苏卷]

　　D

　　Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel.And he surely deserves additional praise：the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.

　　I say clever because anti－slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War.H.B.Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin is only the most famous example.These early stories dealt directly with slavery.With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.

　　Again and again，in the postwar years，Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race.Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain's novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn，Twain's most widely read tale.Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟)．”More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)

　　But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point.The novel is strongly anti－slavery.Jim's search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic.As J．Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual：Jim, the father and the man.”

　　There is much more.Twain's mystery novel Pudd'nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites，especially in intelligence，Twain's tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth.A slave gave birth to her master's baby and，for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master's baby by his wife.The slave's light－skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave－holding class.The master's wife's baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.

　　The point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status.The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech，for example—were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.

　　Twain's racial tone was not perfect.One is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography(自传)about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black－face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.

　　Was Twain a racist？Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln.If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present，we will find nothing but error.Lincoln，who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him.And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier，and inventor of Jim，may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.

　　65．How do Twain's novels on slavery differ from Stowe's?

　　A．Twain was more willing to deal with racism.

　　B．Twain's attack on racism was much less open.

　　C．Twain's themes seemed to agree with plots.

　　D．Twain was openly concerned with racism.

　　66．Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its

　　________．

　　A．target readers at the bottom

　　B．anti－slavery attitude

　　C．rather impolite language

　　D．frequent use of “nigger”

　　67．What best proves Twain's anti－slavery stand according to the author?

　　A．Jim's search for his family was described in detail.

　　B．The slave's voice was first heard in American novels.

　　C．Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.

　　D．Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.

　　68．The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that

　　________．

　　A．slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters

　　B．slaves' babies could pick up slave－holders' way of speaking

　　C．blacks' social position was shaped by how they were brought up

　　D．blacks were born with certain features of prejudice

　　69．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to?

　　A．The attacks.

　　B．Slavery and prejudice.

　　C．White men.

　　D．The shows.

　　70．What does the author mainly argue for?

　　A．Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.

　　B．Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.

　　C．Twain's works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.

　　D．Twain's works should be read from a historical point of view.

　　【要点综述】 本篇为说明文，谈到马克·吐温的小说是否对奴隶制和偏见进行了反抗，以及它受到不同人士的批评情况。

　　65．B　推理判断题。由第二段的“Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.”可知，马克·吐温把对奴隶制和偏见的攻击融在故事中，隐晦地表达。而早期小说是直接攻击方式(dealt directly with slavery)，因此B项说他的小说对种族主义制度的攻击非常不明显是恰当的。A项文章没有提及；C项与题干无关，答非所问；D项文章没有提及。

　　66．D　推理判断题。根据关键词Adventures of Huckleberry Finn定位到第三段。由“More recently the book has been attacked because of …many occurences of the word nigger.”可知答案。A项中的target readers错误，文章没有说到；B项不符合文意；C项中的impolite language范围过广，文章只是说到批评者对nigger一词的出现感到不满。

　　67．C　细节理解题。由第四段的末句“…the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities…”可知答案。A项中的in detail文章没有提及；B项中的The slave's voice与文章的the character of Jim不一致；D项文章没有提及。

　　68．C　推理判断题。由第六段可知，举这个例子是为了说明奴隶的社会地位是由生活环境决定的，而不是人的自然本性。

　　69．D　词义猜测题。由画线词所在句的前面一句可知：没有理由认为马克·吐温把这些表演当作表现现实，后句紧接着解释：马克·吐温对奴隶制和偏见的不断攻击说明了他敏锐的意识，而这些是shows所没有表达出来的，可见they应该就是指代shows。

　　70．A　作者意图题。末段首先提出一个疑问，然后通过论据否定了这个观点，最后总结了一下自己的观点：And Twain…may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice …than any other novelist in the past century，可见作者要反驳的是末段首句所表达的疑问，只有A项符合，其他各项只是对具体例子的说明。