江苏省2014届高三英语一轮复习 阅读理解攻略训练（23）

　　江苏省2014届高三英语（牛津版）一轮复习攻略训练：阅读理解（23）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　London has become a cycle friendly zone after the launch of a new bike hire scheme．It has been designed to encourage more people to cycle in and around central London．

　　So how does it work？First you have to sign up to the scheme to be sent a key．The key will unlock one of the bikes，which are kept at docking stations in and around central London．You have to pay an access fee for the key and then you pay as you go，for the length of time you use the bike．

　　Transport for London, which runs the scheme，are hoping to have 6，000 bikes and 400 docking stations in place by the end of the year．The new hire system is hoping to ease congestion in London and is expected to generate up to 40，000 extra cycle trips a day into the city centre. London Mayor Boris Johnston launched the scheme and said London had been “filled with thousands of gleaming machines that will transform the look and feel of our streets and become as common place on our roads as black cabs and red buses”.

　　However，there have been a few problems since the scheme was launched last Friday．On the first day some people found they couldn’t dock their bike properly and their usage of the bike had not registered．Transport for London did admit they had been expecting a few “teething problems” and have said they wouldn’t charge for the first day as a“gesture of goodwill”．Some other people have criticized the lack of docking stations and locks for the bikes as well as the price it costs to hire the bicycles．

　　Despite the comments，the green-thinking London Mayor still seems very positive about things，saying，“My campaign for the capital to become the greatest big cycling city in the world has taken a gigantic pedal-powered push forwards．”

　　56．Which is the correct order of a bike hire？

　　a．pay a usage charge according to the time

　　b．pay for the key

　　c．cycle in and around central London

　　d．sign up as a member to get a key

　　A．b-d-c-a

　　B．b-c-a-d

　　C．d-c-b-a

　　D．d-b-c-a

　　57．Which of the following is NOT the “teething problems” of the scheme？

　　A．People were unable to lock properly．

　　B．People could not dock the bikes properly．

　　C．People had no enthusiasm about the scheme．

　　D．It’s too expensive for some people to hire a bike．

　　58．From the passage we know __________．

　　A．the ‘cycling revolution’ failed once started

　　B．the scheme will be put off due to the problems

　　C．all the citizens in London are in favor of the scheme

　　D．the London Mayor has great confidence in the scheme

　　B

　　Hiking is an outdoor activity which consists of walking in natural environments, often in mountainous or other scenic terrain (地形). People often hike on hiking trails. It is such a popular activity that there are numerous hiking organizations worldwide. It is considered one of the recreational activities.

　　Many people say they go hiking because they love to walk outdoor, without necessarily having a destination ahead of them. This makes hiking much more different than walking down the street to the store or to some other places that we need to go. People who like hiking say, "We enjoy ourselves along the way whether we arrive somewhere important or not.”

　　Some people add another reason for hiking to the basic one of loving to be outdoors. These folks see hiking as not only mentally healthy for clearing the mind but also physically healthy as great exercise for the body. Unlike some other exercise programs, hiking can be an activity for almost anyone in reasonably good health. Hiking on a smooth, level path is even good exercise. Trudging (跋涉) over rougher terrain can be a workout and a time of enjoyment at the same time.

　　Some people who hike on a regular basis give little thought to the exercise part of the activity. These people are more likely to go hiking because they are exploring nature. They may be interested in the trees or the rocks. Perhaps they are interested in looking at the birds or the various animals that lodge in the forest or the park. Certainly park land is ideal for hiking. Many of these sites have marked for hiking. This leads many to take part in hiking specifically for the exercise and enjoyment of being outdoors, when they may not do this otherwise.

　　Some people look at hiking as having two major benefits. When asked why they go hiking in their spare time many people will combine these reasons: It helps me relax; it doesn't take a great investment of money for equipment. For them, a good pair of shoes and some comfortable clothes can help them get away from work or other stressful situations that may arise in life. In many cases, these hikers can enjoy their favorite pastime all year long. They may be able to take those outdoor walks in almost any weather. It's safe to say that hiking can heal and please the human being in many ways.

　　59. Which of the following sayings can describe the people who like hiking in Paragraph 2?

　　A. Where there is a will there is a way.

　　B. You will never reach your destination if you stop.

　　C.A good plan today is better than a perfect plan tomorrow.

　　D. Life is a journey, not a destination.

　　60. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A. It will cost you a lot of money, when you go hiking.

　　B. Hiking is suitable for workers who work a long time every day.

　　C. Hiking is a sport that you can enjoy yourself most in spring.

　　D. Hiking cannot be affected by weather.

　　61. What is the text mainly about?

　　A. The popularity of hiking in the world today.

　　B. The reasons why people go hiking.

　　C. Hiking's benefits for health.

　　D. Making your hiking plan before going outdoors.

　　62. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?

　　C

　　Just as the world’s most respected scientific bodies have confirmed that the world is getting hotter, they have also stated that there is strong evidence that humans are driving the warming. Countless recent reports from the world’s leading scientific bodies have said the same thing. For example, a 2010 summary of climate science by the Royal Society stated that: “There is strong evidence that the warming of the Earth over the last half-century has been caused largely by human activity.”

　　The idea that humans could change the planet’s climate may be counter-intuitive, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, human activity causes billions of tons of greenhouse gases to be released into the atmosphere. As scientists have known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.

　　Of course, the planet’s climate has always been changing thanks to “natural” factors such as changes in solar or volcanic activity, or cycles relating the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific literature, however, the warming recorded to date matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.

　　Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming observed so far, that would beg a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it in The Rough Guide to Climate Change, “If some newly discovered factor can account for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”

　　The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.

　　63. In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ________.

　　A. solar activity

　　B. volcanic activity

　　C. the Earth’s going around the sun

　　D. human activity

　　64. The text is developed by ________.

　　A. giving typical examples

　　B. following the order of space

　　C. analyzing a theory and arguing it

　　D. comparing and finding differences

　　65. The underline word “identical” means ________.

　　A. totally different

　　B. exactly the same

　　C. extremely important

　　D. relatively independent

　　66. Which of the following can be the best title?

　　A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?

　　B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?

　　C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?

　　D. What’s Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?

　　D

　　The future of agriculture must achieve several goals at the same time．

　　First, it now appears that we will have to double world food production in the next 40 years due to population growth, increasing meat consumption and pressure from biofuels （生物燃料） We will also have to reduce the environmental impacts from our farming practices, which have caused widespread damage to soils, ecosystems, waters and even the atmosphere. In fact, agriculture’s impacts are as bad as climate change as an environmental concern. Besides, we will have to improve food security for the world’s poor. While the Green Revolution of the 1960s made it possible to feed hundreds of millions more people than in earlier eras, the number of the under-nourished in the world has started to rise again. Finally, we will have to increase the recovering ability of agriculture from shocks. Today, our high-efficiency, globalized world has many benefits, but it is vulnerable （易受伤的） to destruction, whether from droughts, diseases or sudden price rises． We must start building better food systems to better keep us away from future shocks．

　　Currently, there are two models of agriculture: local and organic agriculture vs. globalized and industrialized agriculture． Each has been strongly supported and severely criticized, but neither of these models, standing alone, can fully meet our needs．

　　Organic agriculture teaches us important lessons about soils, nutrition and pest management. Unfortunately, organic food provides less than 1% of the world’s calories, mostly to the wealthy. It is hard to imagine organic farming developing to feed 9 billion. Globalized and industrialized agriculture has benefits of high output and low labor demands. Without it, billions of people would have starved. However, it has come with enormous environmental and social costs, which cannot be sustained.

　　Rather than voting for just one solution, we need a third way to solve the crisis. Let’s take ideas from both sides, creating new, hybrid solutions that increase production, save resources and build a more sustainable agriculture．

　　There are many promising avenues to pursue． A new “third way” for agriculture is not only possible but also necessary. Our problems are huge, and they will require everyone at the table, working together toward solutions.

　　67．How many goals of agriculture are mentioned in the passage?

　　A．Three

　　B．Four

　　C．Five

　　D．Six

　　68． Which is true according to the passage?

　　A．Organic agriculture can feed most people in the world now．

　　B．Industrialized agriculture does no harm to our environment．

　　C．Modern farming is criticized while organic farming is not．

　　D．The future agriculture can’t only depend on organic agriculture．

　　69． We can learn from the passage that _______．

　　A．everyone can afford to enjoy organic food at will

　　B．we will vote to decide which farming system to take

　　C．the writer is quite optimistic about future agriculture

　　D．only experts can find a better agricultural solution

　　70．What’s the best title for the passage?

　　A．Organic Agriculture Vs． Industrialized Agriculture．

　　B．The Goals of Future Agriculture and Its Way Out．

　　C．A Third Possible and Necessary Way for Agriculture．

　　D．Modern Globalized and Industrialized Agriculture．

　　D．To express his opinions about fishing in different time of the year.

　　DCBC

　　67-70 BDCB