2014高考英语一轮总复习 课时作业14 Unit4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 新人教版必修3

　　课时作业(十四)　必修3　Unit 4　Astronomy：the science of the stars

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．(2016·安徽皖南八校第二次联考)—Shall we have a discussion about how to spend the coming National Day of 2012?

　　—________.

　　A．You are right. B．Don’t bother me!

　　C．That sounds great. D．Have a good time!

　　2．(2016·山东青岛质检)—Of the two bags，which one do you prefer?

　　—________bigger one.It’s________most beautiful one，I think.

　　A．The；a B．The；the

　　C． A；/ D．A；the

　　3．(2012·四川卷)New technologies have made________possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.

　　A．that B．this

　　C．one D．it

　　4．(2016·北京市西城区上学期期末)________you are familiar with the author’s ideas，try reading all the sections as quickly as possible.

　　A．Now that B．Ever since

　　C．In case D．As long as

　　5．(2016·杭州学军中学高三检测)The festival of this year has been a great success，________the year before when it rained non-stop.

　　A．like B．unlike

　　C．alike D．dislike

　　6．(2016·衢州高三质检)When the young man came back，tired，he just forgot to turn on the radio and________missed the program.

　　A．anyhow B．thus

　　C．however D．somewhat

　　7．(2016·上饶高三质检)________dangerous animals such as tigers and lions while traveling in the forest.

　　A．Watch out B．Watch out for

　　C．Looking out for D．Look out

　　8．Her health________under the pressure of work and she had to stay in hospital for a month.

　　A．broke up B．broke away

　　C．broke out D．broke down

　　9．(2016·福州一中高三检测)Seeing the bad results of the exams，she was rather frustrated and felt________about her future.

　　A．surprising B．puzzling

　　C．puzzled D．surprised

　　10．There is a peaceful and calm________in the hall，and everyone seems absorbed in it.

　　A．atmosphere B．air

　　C．stage D．performance

　　11．What we need to learn is how to put________into practice when we begin our fieldwork here.

　　A．belief B．system

　　C．theory D．adventure

　　12．The students couldn’t agree with one another，so there was a(n)________discussion over the learning plan.

　　A．religious B．strong

　　C．energetic D．violent

　　13．(2016·淄博模拟)________a certain doubt among the workers as to the necessity of the work.

　　A．It existed B．There existed

　　C．There had D．It had

　　14．(2012·湖北重点中学联考)Getting more information on how to use these tools can________your chances of success.

　　A．raise B．multiply

　　C．add D．gain

　　15．(2016·安徽皖北协作区高三联考)It’s reported that women with demanding jobs are almost________to suffer a heart attack.

　　A．as likely twice B．likely twice as

　　C．twice as likely D．twice likely as

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·安徽示范高中二次联考)

　　Are you the type of person who always says “yes”？I’ve come to learn that it is very important to learn to say “no”．It’s okay.People are still going to like you.They may even respect you more because they know you are honest.

　　I’m not saying to say “no” to someone who really needs your help.I’m talking about turning down that meeting that you really do not want to attend or that birthday party that you don’t want to be a guest at.

　　Think for a moment how you feel when you say “yes” to something that you really don’t want to do.If you’re like I once was，you can’t sleep at night and you think about it too much.It weighs on your mind.You try to find ways out.Whatever you’re saying to yourself，if you really wanted to go，you wouldn’t have all of these thoughts.

　　So，why not just say “no” from the beginning？Maybe you feel like if you don’t show up at the meeting (by the way，it is not one you must attend)，your boss isn’t going to like you or your co-workers won’t respect you.Maybe you feel as if your mom，dad or sisters won’t love you as much if you don’t do everything for them what they ask every occasion.

　　If these people are your true friends，family members，or a good boss，they will like or love you the same no matter what.People treat you the way you teach them to，and if you’re someone who

　　always says “yes”，then that’s what they’re expecting.

　　You need to do what is right for you.Of course we do have real obligations in life to fulfill，but we do not have to do everything others want us to do.

　　1．Which of the following statements would the writer agree with?

　　A．We should try to do what our friends ask us to do.

　　B．We should help others in need.

　　C．Always saying “yes” means you are dishonest.

　　D．Always saying “no” means you are brave.

　　2．Generally speaking，we agree to do what we hate to do because we________.

　　A．have a bad habit

　　B．have a kind heart

　　C．have much concern

　　D．have obligations

　　3．The writer believes that if you say “no” to your family members，you’ll________.

　　A．have the same relationship with them as before

　　B．have a loose relationship with them

　　C．disappoint them

　　D．upset them

　　4．What would be the best title for the text?

　　A．Learn to Make a Right Choice

　　B．To Be Yourself

　　C．Do What You Want to Do

　　D．Learn to Say “No”

　　B

　　(2016·福建质量检测)

　　In the 1950s，a family who owned a farm near Beulah，Michigan kept a bull chained to an elm (榆树)．The bull paced around the tree，dragging the heavy iron chain，which led to a groove (槽) in the bark.The groove deepened over the years，though for whatever reason，it did not kill the tree.

　　After some years，the family took their bull away.They cut the chain，leaving the loop (圈) around the tree and one link hanging down.

　　Then one year，agricultural disaster struck Michigan in the form of Dutch Elm Disease.All of the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected and died.Everyone thought that the old elm would be next.

　　The farm’s owners considered doing the safe thing：pulling it out and cutting it up into firewood before it died.But they simply could not bring themselves to do it.It was as if the old tree had become a family friend.So they decided to let_nature_take_its_course.

　　Amazingly，the tree did not die.Nobody could understand why it was the only elm that was still standing in the country!

　　Plant pathologists(病理学家) from Michigan State University came out to observe the tree.They observed the scar left by the iron chain，now almost completely covered by bark.The plant experts decided that it was the chain that saved the elm’s life.They reasoned that the tree must have absorbed so much iron from the chain that it became immune (免疫) to the fungus (真菌)．

　　It’s said that what doesn’t kill you will make you stronger.Or，as Ernest Hemimgway put it，“Life breaks us all，but afterwards，many of us are strongest at the broken places.”

　　5．What happened to the elms in Michigan during the agricultural disaster?

　　A．The elms were tied by iron chains.

　　B．Some of the elms were cut up into firewood.

　　C．All the elms were infected by a disease and died.

　　D．Nearly all of the elms died of a disease.

　　6．From the passage we can learn that the old elm was saved by________.

　　A．the groove in the bark B．the fungus in the tree

　　C．the iron remaining in it D．its own immune system

　　7．The underlined sentence “let_nature_take_its_course” means______.

　　A．leave the elm at the mercy of nature

　　B．help the elm grow normally

　　C．let nature take the elm away

　　D．have nature give a lesson to the elm

　　8．What is the best title for the text?

　　A．Never Lose Heart in Trouble

　　B．Strike While the Iron is Hot

　　C．Brave to Face Failure

　　D．Stronger after Suffering

　　答案：

　　课时作业(十四)　

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．解析：　第一句是提出建议，因此应该用“That sounds great.”来接受对方的提议。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　句意为：——你更喜欢这两个包中的哪一个？——大的那个。我觉得它非常漂亮。第一空“the＋比较级”意为“两者中更/较……的”；第二空：a most＝a very，无比较含义。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　考查代词it 的用法。句意为：新科技使以更快的速度、更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。it指代动词不定式短语，作形式宾语。

　　答案：　D

　　4．解析：　考查状语从句。句意为：既然你熟悉作者的思路，那就尝试着尽可能地阅读所有章节。now that既然；ever since自从；in case以防万一；as long as只要。根据句意可知应选A。

　　答案：　A

　　5．解析：　句意为：今年这个节日过得很成功，不像去年过节时，雨下个不停。根据题干，此处需用介词。故排除C、D项。unlike意为“不同；不像”，符合题意。like相像的；类似的。

　　答案：　B

　　6．解析：　句意为：这年轻人回来时，累了，他就忘了打开收音机，因而错过了那个节目。anyhow不管怎样；thus如此；因此；这样；从而；however然而；somewhat稍微；有点。

　　答案：　B

　　7．解析：　句意为：在森林里旅行时要密切注意像老虎和狮子这样危险的动物。由于句中有宾语，排除A、D两项。look out for警惕，留心，形式不对，应用祈使句。watch out for注意，符合要求。

　　答案：　B

　　8．解析：　句意为：由于工作压力，她的身体垮了，不得不在医院里待了一个月。break up分解；break away逃脱；break out突然爆发；break down垮掉。

　　答案：　D

　　9．解析：　句意为：看着这糟糕的考试成绩，她相当泄气，对未来感到迷惘。surprising令人吃惊的；puzzling令人迷惑的；puzzled迷惑的；迷惘的；surprised吃惊的。feel puzzled about对……感到迷惑/迷惘。

　　答案：　C

　　10．解析：　atmosphere此处意为“气氛，氛围”。air空气；stage舞台，站台；performance表演。

　　答案：　A

　　11．解析：　句意为：“当我们在这里开始实习时，我们需要学习的是怎样将理论付诸于实践”。根据句意，C为正确答案，theory理论。

　　答案：　C

　　12．解析：　violent discussion激烈的讨论。religious虔诚的，宗教上的；strong强烈的；energetic精力充沛的，积极的。

　　答案：　D

　　13．解析：　句意为：对于做这份工作的必要性，工人们存在一定的疑惑。There exists/existed...有；存在；相当于There be...结构。

　　答案：　B

　　14．解析：　句意为：获取更多关于这些工具使用方法的信息可以增加你成功的机会。multiply(使)增加；raise举起，抬高；add增加，A、C两项均不与chance搭配；gain获得，其主语为人。

　　答案：　B

　　15．解析：　考查倍数表达法。本题考查的是“主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋adj.或adv.的原级(＋as＋比较对象)”。根据语意可知，此处表示“患心脏病的几率几乎是(常人)的两倍”，所以用“twice as likely”。

　　答案：　C

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　语篇解读：　生活中，我们有义务完成应该做的事情，但是不必出于太多的顾虑，凡事惟命是从，要学会拒绝，学会说“不”。

　　1．解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句的内容可知，作者认为我们应该帮助需要帮助的人，故B项正确。

　　答案：　B

　　2．解析：　推理判断题。结合第三段第二句中的“you think about it too much”以及本段后半部分的内容可推知，我们之所以同意做我们讨厌做的事情是因为我们有很多顾虑。

　　答案：　C

　　3．解析：　 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句的内容可知，作者认为如果你对你的家人说“不”，他们与你之间的关系仍然会和以前一样。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　主旨大意题。文章第一段就开门见山地点明了本文的中心话题，即要学会说“不”，所以D项作为本文的标题最合适。

　　答案：　D

　　语篇解读：　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在一次农业灾难中，荷兰榆树菌(Dutch Elm Disease)袭击密歇根的本土榆树，农场沿路边几乎所有的榆树都感染并死掉了，但有一棵曾经被铁链拴过的老榆树却仍然存活着。作者以这则故事告诉我们：曾经经历的磨难会让我们更强大。

　　5．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“All of the elms lining the road leading to the farm became infected and died.”可知，在这次农业灾难中，几乎所有的榆树都因为感染了荷兰榆树菌而死掉了。

　　答案：　D

　　6．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第六段第二、三、四句话“They observed the scar left by the iron chain...it was the chain that saved the elm’ s life...must have absorbed so much iron from the chain...”可知，这棵老榆树是吸收了铁链中的铁(iron)，增强了它对病菌的免疫力。

　　答案：　C

　　7．解析：　句意理解题。根据文章第四段可知，农场的主人曾想过要在这棵榆树死之前将其砍掉当柴火，但由于这么多年来这棵老榆树已经成为了他们的朋友，所以他们不忍心下手，并决定让这棵榆树顺其自然。因此，此处的let the nature take its course意为“听天由命；任由大自然的摆布”，即leave the elm at the mercy of the nature。

　　答案：　A

　　8．解析：　标题概括题。文章最后一段是全文的中心段，“what doesn’t kill you will make you stronger.”和“Life breaks us all，but afterwards，many of us are strongest at the broken places.”是全文的升华，作者以老榆树的故事告诉人们，生活中的磨难并不可怕，它会使我们更坚强。所以D项“Stronger after Suffering”最适合做文章的标题，故答案选D。

　　答案：　D