【新人教版】2014年高考英语要点梳理+重点突破：选修6 Unit 3　《A healthy life》

　　选修6　Unit 3　A heal thy life

　　要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考

　　●重点单词

　　1．abuse n. & vt.2．stress n vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的 3．adolescent n adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期 4．ban vt. n．禁令；谴责 5．due adj.6．addicted adj.addict n．有瘾的人→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好

　　7．accustom vt.accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的 8．automatic adj._automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 9．mental adj.mentally adv.精神上；智力上 10．quit vt.(做某事)；离开 11．effect n12．strengthen vt. vi.变强→strength n．力气→strong adj.强壮的

　　13．desperate adj.14．disappointed adj.disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望 15．ashamed adj.shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的，16．judgement njudge v．判断 17．embarrassed adj.embarrass v．(使)尴尬→embarrassment尴尬 18．awkward adj.

　　●重点短语 1．due to2．addicted to

　　3．accustomed to

　　4．decide on

　　5．feel like(doing)

　　(做)…… 6．in spite of

　　7．take risks(a risk)

　　8．get into

　　(坏习惯) 9．at risk

　　10．have an effect on

　　●重点句型

　　1．Why do you think some adolescents start smoking? 你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？ 2．I knew it was time to quit smoking. 我知道该戒烟了。 3．I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样长寿健康。

　　4．Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.，(已经)是不吸烟的人了。5．It is no good crying over spilt milk.。6．It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.，。

　　(2008·浙江)

　　人们完成工作的方式通常有两种：独立完成与合作完成。两种方式各有特点。请你以 Working Individually or Working in a Team为题，按照以下要点写一篇英语短文： 1．独立完成：自行安排、自己解决问题 2．合作完成：一起讨论、相互学习 3．我喜欢的方式及理由 注意：词数100～120，文章的题目和开头已给出(不计入总词数)。

　　Working Individually or Working in a Team There are basically two ways to get work done. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

　　[范文] Working Individually or Working in a Team There_are_basically_two_ways_to_get_work_done. One is to work individually. In this way, people can decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it. What's more, they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own. People may also choose to work in a team, where they can learn from each other and help each other. Besides, they may work out better ways to get work done by discussion.

　　Personally, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. As the work can be divided among several people, it can be done efficiently. Teamwork is always important.

　　考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考

　　Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 1．abuse vt. & n[即学即练1](1)Don’t ______ ______ __________. 不要滥用你的特权。(2)The farmer often ______ ______ ______. 这位农夫经常虐待他的妻子。

　　your

　　privilege

　　abused

　　his

　　wife

　　(3)You shouldn’t ________ ______ ______. 你不应该过度使用你的眼睛。(4)I don’t understand why I should put up with this kind of ______ ______ ______. 我不明白我为什么要忍受她这样辱骂我。

　　your

　　eyes

　　abuse

　　from

　　her

　　2．stress n. vt. 着重；强调 stressful adj. 紧张的，压力重的 stressed adj. 焦虑的，紧张的，无法放松的 a stressful job/situation/lifestyle 繁重的工作/艰难的处境/紧张的生活方式 stress that.../sth. 强调…… in the stress of the moment 一时紧张 time of stress 危难之际，lay/place/put stress on... 把重点放在……上 under the stress of... 为……所迫

　　[即学即练2](1)________ and rhythm are important in speaking English.说英语时重音和节奏都很重要。 (2)We must ______ _________ ______ selfreliance.。

　　lay

　　stress

　　on

　　(3)The English curriculum should _________ both composition and reading.英语课程对写作和阅读应同样重视。(4)Worrying over his job and his wife‘s health ______ him ______ ______ ______ ________.忧虑自己的工作及妻子的健康问题使他处于极大的压力之下。

　　put

　　under

　　a

　　great

　　stress

　　3．due adj. be due to do sth. 预期做某事 be due to sth./doing sth./sb. 归因于某事/归因于 做某事/欠某人…… be due for sth. 应有；应得到

　　[即学即练3](1)One‘s success ______ largely ______ ______ his efforts. 一个人的成功在很大程度上是由于他的努力。(2)The book ______ ______ ______ be published in October.这本书预定十月出版。(3)Have they been paid the money ______ ______ ______？ 他们是否已得到了应得的钱？

　　is

　　due

　　to

　　is

　　due

　　to

　　due

　　to

　　them

　　提示：(1)due 当“预定的；预期的”讲时，构成 be due to 短语，其中 to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 (2)due 当“应得的；应付的”讲时，构成 be due to sb.短语，其中 to为介词，后接名词或动名词。 (3)due to 当“因为；由于”讲时，to为介词，与其意义相同的短语为： because of因为 owing to由于，因为 on account of由于……

　　as a result of由于…… thanks to多亏，幸亏 as a consequence of 由于…… ①Owing to his poor health, his visit to Japan was put off. 由于身体不好，他去日本的访问被推迟了。 He was sent to a nursing home on account of age. 他因年迈而被送进了福利院。 Thanks to a good teacher, he passed the test. 多亏了一位好老师，他考试及格了。

　　4．accustom vt. accustomed adj. 通常的，习惯的 be accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.习惯于(表状态) become/get accustomed (＝used) to (doing) sth. 习惯于(表动作) accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth. 使自己/某人习惯于……

　　[即学即练4](1)Painting barns red is an _________ practice. 仓房刷成红色是一种习俗。(2)He has ______ _________ ______ the way the teacher gives lectures. 他已经习惯了那个老师的讲课方式。(3)You must __________ __________ ______ the new environment.你必须使自己适应新环境。

　　become

　　accustomed

　　to

　　accustom

　　yourself

　　to

　　5．quit vt.&vi. (做某事)；离开；戒掉 adj. 摆脱(难题等)的 quit doing sth. 放弃干某事，quit office/school 离职/退学 be quit of sb./sth. 摆脱……

　　[即学即练5](1)I ______ _________ years ago. 我几年前就戒酒了。(2)I made up my mind ______ ______.我已决定辞职了。(3)He was glad to ______ ______ ______ the troublesome job.他很高兴能摆脱那个麻烦的工作。

　　drinking

　　to

　　quit

　　be

　　quit

　　of

　　6．effect neffective adj.有效的；醒目的 have an effect on影响 put/bring sth. into effect实施，，come into effect/take effect(法律、)生效；实施 in effect实际上

　　[即学即练6](1)Inflation is _________ ______ _________ ______ ______ the economy. 通货膨胀正在给经济带来灾难性的影响。(2)It won’t be easy to ______ the changes ______ ______.把这些变化落到实处不是件容易的事。(3)The new tax rates ______ ______ ______ from April. 新的税率从四月起生效。

　　a

　　disastrous

　　effect

　　on

　　put

　　into

　　effect

　　come

　　into

　　effect

　　7．ashamed adj. (表语形容词) shame n. 羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事 shameful adj. 可耻的，不体面的 be ashamed of (doing) sth. 因(做了)某事而感到羞愧 be ashamed to do sth. 耻于……的；因难为情而不愿做某事 feel ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧…… be ashamed that... 感到羞愧的是……

　　[即学即练7](1)She ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in the examination. 她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。(2)She ______ ______ ______ ______ anyone that she had fallen in love with him. 她羞于告诉任何人自己爱上了他。(3)He ______ ___________ ______ his shameful conduct. 他为自己可耻的行为感到羞愧。

　　ashamed

　　of

　　having

　　failed

　　was

　　ashamed

　　to

　　tell

　　is

　　ashamed

　　of

　　8．in spite of in spite of＋n.＝despite (prep.)＋n.＝regardless of＋n. in spite of the fact that...(同位语从句)＝(al) though＋从句

　　[即学即练8](1)We went out ______ ______ ______ the rain.尽管下着雨，。(2)Kelly loved her husband ______ ______ ______ the fact that he drank too much. 虽然丈夫喝酒很凶，。

　　spite

　　of

　　in

　　spite

　　of

　　9．take risks/a riskrun (take) a risk/risks 冒险 run (take) the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的风险/危险 at risk (＝in danger)处于危险中 at the risk of doing sth. 可能导致(不快等)，at all risks 无论冒……危险 risk one's health/life 以健康做赌注/冒着生命危险 risk doing 冒险做……

　　[即学即练9](1)You are ________ ______ ______ ______ in trusting him.信任他无异于冒险。(2)He decided to get there even ______ ______ ______ ______ his life.他决定去那里，。(3)They ________ _________ everything. 他们冒着失去一切的风险。

　　a

　　big

　　risk

　　at

　　the

　　risk

　　of

　　risked

　　losing

　　(4)Any man who smokes cigarettes is _________ ______ ______. 吸烟的人是拿健康去冒险。

　　his

　　health

　　10．get into (习惯)；开始对……感兴趣 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 get into the habit of... 染上……的习惯 get into panic

　　陷入恐慌 get (sth.) across (to sb.) (使某事为人)理解 get along/on with 进展；相处

　　ge away (from) 脱离…… get back 回来；返回 get around/about 四处走动 get over 克服；解决；控制 get through 接通；完成

　　[即学即练10](1)How did you ______ ______ ______？ 你是怎么染上毒品的？ (2)I haven‘t really ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ yet.我还未真正熟悉我的新工作。(3)I ______ ______ _____________ with an Italian student. 我与一位意大利学生谈了起来。

　　into

　　drugs

　　got

　　into

　　my

　　new

　　job

　　got

　　into

　　conversation

　　Ⅱ.重点句型详解 1．Why do_you_think some adolescents start smoking?do you think 在句中做插入语。。(1)做主语的疑问词＋do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋谓语部分？

　　(2)非主语的疑问词＋do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋主语＋谓语部分？ ①Which film do you think will win the Golden Lion of the 66th Venice International Film Festival？你认为哪一部电影会赢得66届威尼斯国际电影节金狮奖？ ②When do you suggest we hold a meeting to talk about the problem？你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？

　　③Who do you suppose we shall ask to attend our party? 你想我们会邀请谁来参加我们的宴会？ ④Why do you think she didn‘t agree with our suggestions？你认为她为什么不同意我们的主意？

　　提示：(1)如果插入语是 do you suggest 时，句中的谓语要用 should＋do或省略 should。 (2)do you know 不能作为插入语。如： Do you know which team will win? 你认为哪个队会赢呢？

　　[即境活用1]　—I haven't heard from John for a long time. —What do you suppose ______ to him? A．was happeningB．to happen C．has happened

　　Dhad happened

　　解析：句中 do you suppose 是插入语，句子主干为 What has happened to him?

　　答案：C

　　2．I knew it_was_time_to quit smoking.It's time to do... 到了干……的时间了。It's time for sth. 到了……的时间了。It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 到了某人干……的时间了。It's (high/about) time＋that 从句　到了某人干……的时间了。It/This is the first/second...time that... 这是第一/二……次……

　　①It‘s time for lunch/to have lunch. 到吃午饭的时间了。It’s time that the kids were/should be in bed. 到了孩子们睡觉的时间了。This is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。

　　It‘s (high/about) time＋that 从句”中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或 “should＋动词原形”，且 should不能省略。 “It/This is the first/second...time＋that从句”中，从句的谓语动词要用完成时态，当句型为 It is the first time that时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时，当句型为 It was the first time that 时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。

　　[即境活用2]It is high time that we ______ action. Otherwise we ______ late. A．take; will be

　　Btake; are C．took; will be

　　Dtook; would be

　　解析：本题考查虚拟语气。It is high time that... 结构中从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去时或 “should＋动词原形”。另外，otherwise 代替了 if虚拟条件句，根据句意，其后的句子应用表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。

　　答案：D

　　易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考

　　effect/affect (1)effect作“影响”讲是名词；用做动词意为“产生，(＝produce)。(2)affect作“影响”讲是及物动词(＝have an effect on)。

　　[1]　(1)The amount of rain _________ the growth of crops. 雨量影响作物的生长。(2)The war _________ changes all over the world. 战争使世界各地发生了变化。

　　effected

　　2. in spite of/despite/although/though (1)in spite of与despite同义，常可换用。in spite of，dispite，despiteof连用。(2)although/though也是“尽管；不管；不顾”的意思，，。in spite of/despiten.＝although＋从句。

　　[2]　(1)We went out _________ it was raining. (2)We went out _________ the rain. 尽管在下雨，。

　　despite

　　高 效 作 业 自我测评·技能备考

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．In our city, the shops were not allowed to sell c_______ to students.2．There are no lengths to which an a__________ person will not go to obtain his drug.

　　3．I'm a___________ to say I haven't been to church for three years.

　　4．His increasing financial difficulties forced him to take d____________ measures.

　　cigarettes

　　addicted

　　ashamed

　　desperate

　　5．Nowadays many supermarket doors can shut

　　a___________________.

　　6．Youve put me in an _________(令人尴尬的) position.

　　7．You will soon get __________ () to the climate here.

　　8．He got his present job when he ______ () the army.

　　9．The road looks beautiful covered by golden pine ______()．

　　10．Her position in the party has ______________() in recent weeks.

　　automatically　

　　awkward

　　accustomed

　　quitted

　　needles

　　strengthened

　　Ⅱ .单项选择 1．David, it’s Frank. Do you have a few minutes? I need to see you. －______. But I hope “a few minutes” don’t turn into an hour. A．Im afraid notB．It doesn’t matter C．I dont think so

　　D．I guess so

　　答案：D

　　解析：I guess so表示答应。

　　2．Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people______smoking. A．quit

　　Bdecline C．depart

　　Dreserve

　　答案：A

　　解析：句意为“医生们正在研究，目的是找出当人停止抽烟时身体将发生什么变化”。quit在这里作“停止”讲；decline “下降，减少”；depart “出发，动身，离开”；reserve 保留，储存。

　　3．She felt ______ of doing that and tears ran down her cheeks. A．shame

　　Bashamed C．sorry

　　Dshameful

　　答案：B

　　解析：句意为：她为做了那事而感到羞愧……

　　4．When I was very young I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ______ it. A．got off

　　Bgot away C．got across

　　Dgot over

　　答案：D

　　解析：句意为“我小的时候害怕上学，但是不久就克服了”。get over 克服；get off 下车；get away 摆脱；get across (使……为人)理解。

　　5．(2010·)In Xi'an, although there is a good public transport system, ______ private car is still becoming ______ popular means of transportation. A．/; the

　　Bthe; a C．the; the

　　Da; /

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查冠词。第一空，定冠词用在单数名词前面表示类别，即“私家车”；第二空用不定冠词，泛指“一种受欢迎的交通方式”。

　　6．Hearing that most of the members voted against her, she ______ a smile. A．wore

　　Bmanaged C．performed

　　Dcontrolled

　　答案：B

　　解析：wear a smile 表示“脸上挂着微笑”，perform，control 均不合题意。manage a smile 表示“勉强挤出一丝微笑”。

　　7．______to computer games, the boy has lost all interest in his lessons. A．Addicted

　　BHaving addicted C．Addicting

　　DAddict

　　答案：A

　　解析：be addicted to “沉迷于……”，句中过去分词短语做状语。

　　8．Accustomed to ______ in the countryside, he found it hard to live in the city. A．living

　　Blive C．having lived

　　Dhave lived

　　答案：A

　　解析：be accustomed to doing sth.＝be used to doing sth. 习惯于……

　　9．Since our country has so many good table tennis players, we have to ______ the best ones to take part in the game. A．rely on

　　Bdepend on C．judge on

　　Ddecide on

　　答案：D

　　解析：decide on 相当于 determine on “对……作出决定”。rely on＝depend on “依赖，依靠”，无 judge on 短语。

　　10．Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which is often ______， plays an important part in football matches. A．stressed

　　Bthink of C．paid much attention

　　Dtalked

　　答案：A

　　解析：stress the importance of... 意为“强调……的重要性”，只不过题中用其被动结构而已。C、D项分别缺 prep. to, about, B项为 be动词直接与动词原形连用之误。

　　11．He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk ______ the good opportunity. A．to lose

　　Blosing C．to be lost

　　Dbeing lost

　　答案：B

　　解析：risk doing sth. “冒险做某事”。该句意为：他为面试作好了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去好机会的危险。

　　12．The great success of this program has been largely ______ the support given by the 10 local businessmen. A．instead of

　　Bthanks to C．due to

　　Das a consequence

　　答案：C

　　解析：thanks to 一般单独引导状语，只有 due to可与 be连用表示“由于”。

　　13．______ has recently been done to provide more English books for the students, a shortage of reading materials remains a serious problem. A．What

　　BThough what C．In spite of what

　　DThat

　　答案：C

　　解析：in spite of意为“尽管”。句意：尽管我们最近所做的就是给学生们提供更多的英语书，但是阅读材料的缺乏还是一个严重问题。

　　14．—This is the first time I ______ pictures with my own camera. —It's time that you ______ a picture of me. A．took; took

　　Bhave taken; took C．took; will take

　　Dwill take; have taken

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查 This is the first time...和 It‘s time...句式。

　　15．(2010·)______ surprises us most is that she doesn't even know ______ the difference between the two lies. A．What; where

　　BAll; which C．What; that

　　DThat; where

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查名词性从句。语意：让我们最吃惊的是她竟然不知道两者的区别在哪儿。“What surprises us most”是主语从句，what在从句中作主语；“where the difference between the two lies”是宾语从句，where表示的是抽象地点。

　　Ⅲ .阅读理解

　　A He could have been president of Israel or played the violin at Carnegie Hall, but he was too busy thinking—thinking on God, love and the meaning of life. Fifty years after his death, his shock(蓬乱) of white hair and hanging moustache still symbolize genius. Einstein remains the leading scientist of the modern time. Looking back 2 400 years, only Newton, Galileo and Aristotle were his equals.

　　Around the world, universities and academies are celebrating the 100th anniversary of Einstein's “miracle year” when he published five scientific papers in 1905 that basically changed our grasp of space, time, light and matter. Only he could top himself about ten years later with his theory of relativity. Born in the age of horsedrawn carriages, his ideas launched a technological revolution that has made more change in a century than in the previous two thousand years.

　　Computers, satellites, telecommunications, lasers, televisions and nuclear power all owe their invention to ways in which Einstein exposed a stranger and more complicated reality under－neath the world. He escaped Hitler's Germany and devoted the rest of his life to human rights and peace with an authority( 当局) unmatched by any scientist today, or even most politicians and religious leaders. He spoke out against fascism and racial prejudice. His FBI(美国联邦调查局) file ran 1 400 pages.

　　His letters expose a disorderly personal life—married twice and indifferent toward his children while absorbed in physics. Yet he charmed lovers and admirers with poetry and sailboat outings. Friends and neighbors fiercely protected his privacy(隐私)．

　　1．The first paragraph implies that Einstein ______. A．had run for president before he worked at his research B．had the gift for politics and music C．was an excellent violinist D．was more a political leader or a musician than a thinker

　　2．When you think of Einstein, what typical appearance was formed in your mind? A．Funning and humorous with an air of a musician. B．Wearing very wide trousers, a moustache, with an image of an actor. C．Rough untidy mass of white hair and hanging moustache, with an image of a thinker. D．Black long hair and moustache, with an air of a painter.

　　3．Why was 1905 called Einstein's miracle year”？ A．Because he topped himself with the theory of relativity. B．Because he made important discoveries of space, time, light and matter. C．Because he published five papers on his theory of relativity. D．Because he wrote five important articles to help people better understand space, time, light and matter.

　　4．Which of the following is NOT true about Einstein according to the passage? A．He was so busy with the physical research that he showed no interest in politics. B．He tried to amuse his admirers and friends in his spare time. C．When he was absorbed in his research, he didn't care about his family. D．His theory led to much improvement in many technological fields.

　　B Once the 2008 Olympic Games finishes, the drums and trumpets(喇叭) of the competitions would also stop. But would the city remain as lively as it would be after this world event? Investment sustainability and high demand are two highly invaluable economic concepts(概念) that can be looked at in order to ensure postOlympics flourish, or perhaps, an even better future for Beijingers.

　　Naturally, an economic downturn occurs in an Olympic host city once the major event finishes. Renmin University Professor Jin Yuanpu noted that a global event like this would put Beijing into a position of large importance in the international stage. But after this event, who would use the heavilyfunded equipment and public and private investments left in the city? Various economists argued that a meltdown (彻底垮台) is highly unlikely. Jonathan Anderson, UBS Asia economist, suggested that the

　　negative effects of the end of Beijing Olympics 2008 on the entire country aren't important compared to previous host cities. China is such a huge economy that the conclusion of the Olympic Games is the same as an antbite on a dragon.

　　But what about postOlympics Beijing? Retired headmaster of Peking University, Li Yining, noted that a longterm civil demand growth and a popular desire by companies to adopt careful financial management decisions can lead to continued investment growth. Even though demand in some departments of the economy would drop in the short run, creativity, practicality and innovation(创新) would be the key factors that would continually enhance the city's image and flourish long after the Olympics in the city has ended.

　　So what's next for Beijing after the Olympics? Well, it's business as usual...

　　5. Which one of the following is the author‘s idea? A. Beijing's economy will have a downturn after the 2008 Olympic Games.

　　B. The 2008 Olympic Games have no effects on Beijing's economy.

　　C. Beijing's economy will go on as usual.

　　D. Beijing's economy will go worse after the 2008 Olympic Games.

　　6. What's Jin Yuanpu, idea about Beijing's economy after the 2008 Olympic Games according to the passage?

　　A. To have a downturn.

　　B. To develop as usual.

　　C. To develop more rapidly.

　　D. All of the above.

　　7. Why did Jonathan Anderson believe that the negative effects of the end of Beijing Olympics 2008 on the entire country aren't important?

　　A. The negative effects are small.

　　B. The Chinese government has many measures to take.

　　C. The Chinese economy has developed at a certain level so that the negative effects can't affect it too much.

　　D. Jonathan Anderson liked China very much so he didn't want China to go worse.

　　8. Choose a best title for this passage.

　　A. Beijing after the Olympics

　　B. The Negative Effects of the End of Beijing Olympics

　　C. Can Beijing Get Through the Difficult Period After the 2008 Olympic Games

　　D. Beijing's Economy After the 2008 Olympic Games

　　答案及解析： 这是一篇人物介绍类的短文。本文介绍的是20世纪杰出的科学家爱因斯坦不平凡的一生。他给人类留下的是宇宙般浩瀚的智慧、勇气和爱。

　　1．B。。，，。2．C。。..his shock of white hair and hanging moustache still symbolize genius.他那一头浓密的白发，。

　　3．D。。，1905年，，、、，10年后再次超越自己，。4．A。。。2 000年来变化的总和还要多。D正确。，，。B、C。

　　5．C。，，。6．A。，，，。7．C。，，。8．D。。