【北师大版】2014届高考英语一轮复习精选导学案语篇微写作强化系列Test 8

　　Test 8

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it，and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train，car or bus，even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.

　　One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper.Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent.With the same money，one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.

　　Then，in the country one can rest from the noise and the hurry of the town.Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses，one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings，one can enjoy the fresh，clean air of the country.If one likes gardens，one can spend one’s free time digging，planting，watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden.Then，when the flowers and vegetables come up，one has the reward of one who has shared the secret of Nature.

　　Some people，however，take no interest in country things：for them，happiness lies in the town，with its cinemas and theatres，beautiful shops and busy streets，dance-halls and restaurants.Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live outside London.An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want：the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.

　　1．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A．People who like country things prefer to live outside the city.

　　B．People who work in London prefer to live in the country.

　　C．Because of certain disadvantages of living outside London，some people who work in London prefer to live inside London.

　　D．Because of certain advantages of living outside London，many people who work in London prefer to live outside London.

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判断题。根据文章内容，虽然有很多人喜欢乡村生活，但也有些人喜欢城市生活，从而可推知此题答案为B项。

　　2．One can use the same money for ________ to buy a little house with a garden in the country.

　　A．getting a small flat with a garden

　　B．having a small flat with a garden

　　C．renting a small flat without a garden

　　D．buying a small flat without a garden

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可推知此题答案为C项。

　　3．When the flowers and vegetables in the garden come up，those ________ have the reward of one who has shared the secret of Nature.

　　A．who live in the country

　　B．who have spent time working in the garden

　　C．who have a garden of their own

　　D．who have been digging，planting and watering

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后两句可知：要是他喜欢花园，在花园里挖土、种植、浇水等等，那么当鲜花和蔬菜生长起来的时候，他就得到了与大自然分享秘密的奖赏，所以选B项。

　　4．People who think happiness lies in the town would feel that ________ if they had to live it outside London.

　　A．their life was meaningless

　　B．their life was invaluable

　　C．they didn’t deserve a happy life

　　D．they were not worthy of their happy life

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句“Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London.”可推知此题答案为A项。

　　5．The underlined word “rest” in the last paragraph refers to ________.

　　A．the rest time

　　B．the rest people

　　C．the rest of the country

　　D．the rest of the parks and of the sea

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判断题。根据其上文：这些人偶尔去公园散散步后去海边度两周假；本句接着说：其余的就留给那些每天晚上喜欢离开伦敦的人，那么，“其余的”显然指“其余的乡村”。从而可推知答案为C项。

　　B

　　Five years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day.“I was a clothes addict，” he jokes.“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes—khaki pants and sports shirt—to the office.He hardly ever wears a necktie.“I’m working harder than ever，” David says，“and I need to feel comfortable.”

　　More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States.The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual.In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday)．This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”．“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.

　　Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.“A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work，” says the owner of a software company，“so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes.In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company,85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale.Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity.Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money.“Suits are expensive，if you have to wear one every day，” one person said.“For the same amount of money，you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”

　　6．David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict，” because ________.

　　A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt

　　B．he couldn’t stand a clean appearance

　　C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time

　　D．he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。大卫自嘲以前是服装爱好者，衣服一起皱，他就得换上备穿的服装。

　　7．David Smith wears casual clothes now，because ________.

　　A．they make him feel at ease when working

　　B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes

　　C．he looks handsome in casual clothes

　　D．he no longer works for any company

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。从第一段最后一句话可找到答案。

　　8．According to this passage，which of the following statements is false?

　　A．Many employees don’t like a conservative dress code.

　　B．Comfortable clothes make employees more productive.

　　C．A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees.

　　D．All the employers in the U．S.are for casual office wear.

　　答案　D

　　解析　正误判断题。根据最后一段中的“Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity.”可知还有一些雇主不赞同穿便装上班。

　　9．According to this passage，which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.

　　B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.

　　C．“Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.

　　D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.

　　答案　C

　　解析　正误判断题。从第二段最后一句“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.”可以做出正确判断。

　　10．In this passage，the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passage except ________.

　　A．saving employees’ money

　　B．making employees more attractive

　　C．improving employees’ motivation

　　D．making employees happier

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判断题。通读最后一段可知选项A(为雇员省钱)、C(提高雇员的工作热情)、D(使雇主高兴)在原文中均被提到，只有B项未被提到。

　　Ⅱ.微写作

　　写作素材

　　1．在公共场所，我们都应注意我们的行为。

　　2．杜绝随地吐痰、乱扔废品、大声喧哗。

　　3．只有这样我们才能生活在更加舒适和美丽的环境中。

　　(素材来源于2012·福建·书面表达)

　　提示：尽量使用高级表达：only＋状语位于句首时的倒装句。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　In public places we all should mind our behavior and avoid spitting，littering and talking loudly.Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.

　　1．prefer v．宁愿；更喜欢　preference n．偏爱；忠爱　prefer to do/doing...宁愿做……　prefer sb.to do...宁愿让某人做……　prefer doing...to doing...宁愿做……而不愿做……　have a preference for更喜欢……　in preference to更喜欢；优先于……

　　2．advantage n．优势　take advantage of利用　have/win an advantage over比……占优势　to one’s advantage对某人有利的是　be at an advantage处于有利地位

　　3．lie in在于(＝consist in)　tell a lie撒谎　a white lie善意的谎言　lie awake躺着不睡

　　4．take no interest in对……不感兴趣　be interested in对……感兴趣　with interest感兴趣地　places of interest名胜　be of interest有吸引力的

　　5．In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company,85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale.

　　句中conducted by Levi Strauss and Company为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰study，两个that都引导宾语从句。

　　学会一种单词记忆法

　　13．同义记忆：通过同义词一起进行单词记忆，可确切理解词义，这时不必注意它们的意义的区别。 如big，large，great等。

　　14．反义记忆：通过反义词一起进行单词记忆，扩大了词义。如big，small; beautiful，ugly等。

　　如何做正误判断题？

　　正误判断题的选项有一些规律：(1)“一正三误”，即一个选项是正确的或符合文章事实的，其他三个选项是错误的；(2)“一误三正”，即一个选项是错误的，其余的三个选项均符合原文事实。

　　解答这类问题时一定要清楚题干是要求选出唯一的正确选项，还是要求选出唯一的错误选项。有些粗心大意的学生，不把题干看清楚就想当然地把符合事实的一项当成正确答案，而题干的要求却是Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　正误判断题的四个选项还有以下三种情况：

　　1．四个选项中的信息主要集中在一两个句子中。做这种题时，只要在阅读材料中找出相关的句子就可以选定正确答案。

　　2．四个选项的相关信息散落在某些段落甚至全文中，需要根据阅读材料逐一验证四个选项。这样做要相对费时费力。如本节B篇第9题就属于“一正三误”的类型，且四个选项的信息散落在全文中，需要逐一验证四个答案。其答案集中在第二段最后一句“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” 故答案为C项。

　　3．做题时间不宽裕时，可先分析一下四个选项，然后根据原有知识结构和对文章的了解，判断哪一个选项最可能是错误或正确的，再拿到文章中去验证。这样做可相对节约答题时间。