【北师大版】2014届高考英语一轮复习指导课时作业：Unit 7 B卷 Word版含解析

　　Unit 7 B卷

　　一、阅读理解

　　A

　　A popular saying goes，“Sticks and stones may break my bones，but words will never hurt me.”However，that’s not really true.Words have the power to build us up or tear us down.It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves—the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.

　　We all talk to ourselves sometimes.We’re usually too embarrassed to admit it，though.In fact，we really shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.

　　This“self-talk”helps us motivate ourselves，remember things，solve problems，and calm ourselves down.Be aware，though，that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative.So in order to stay positive，we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves.We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back.The_next_time_you_finish_a_project，do_well_in_a_test，or finally clean your room，join me in_saying“Good_job！”

　　Often，words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have.But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others.For example，when returning an item to a store，we might use warm，friendly language during the exchange.And the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner.Or harsh(刻薄的)and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive.

　　Words possess power because of their lasting effect.Many of us regret something we once said.And we remember unkind words said to us！Before speaking，we should always ask ourselves：Is it loving？Is it needed？If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test，then it’s better left unsaid.

　　Words possess power：both positive and negative.Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively.We can offer hope，build self-esteem(自尊)and motivate others to do their best.Negative words destroy all those things.Will we use our words to hurt or to heal？The choice is ours.

　　1．The main idea of the first paragraph is that______.

　　A．not sticks and stones but words will hurt us

　　B．inspiring words give us confidence

　　C．negative words may let us down

　　D．words have a lasting effect on us

　　2．There is no sense for us to feel embarrassed when we talk to ourselves because______.

　　A．almost everybody has the habit of talking to themselves

　　B．we can benefit from talking to ourselves

　　C．talking to ourselves always gives us courage

　　D．it does no harm to have“self-talk”when we are alone

　　3．The underlined part in the third paragraph means that we should also timely______.

　　A．praise ourselvesB．remind ourselves

　　C．make ourselves relaxed

　　D．give ourselves amusement

　　4．The author would probably hold the view that______.

　　A．encouraging words are sure to lead to kind offers

　　B．negative words may encourage us to make more progress

　　C．people tend to remember friendly words

　　D．it is better to think twice before talking to others

　　B

　　A different kind of census(数量普查)，involving the great white shark，recently took place off California’s central coast.The result is worrying：only an estimated 219 great white sharks are currently in the waters off the California coastline.

　　Stanford University researchers，after a count of the great white shark population，have discovered that it is falling in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.The waters off the central California coast are well known as habitats for the sharks，along with the coasts of Australia，New Zealand，and South Africa.

　　The great white shark，regarded as a“man eater”，is well known for its size，with the largest individuals known to have approached over 6 meters in length，and 2,268 kilograms in weight.It can have a life span of over 30 years.The predator，feeding on other animals in the ocean，has existed for about 400 million years，but is considered in danger of extinction.According to the Stanford researchers，some groups of the great white sharks have declined by between 70 and 90 percent.

　　The researchers have shown that the common belief that the great white can be found throughout the oceans is mistaken.Instead，this large fish has failed to mix with other populations“for tens of thousands of years.”Other studies have shown that individual fish may enter the hunting areas of other populations for short periods，and then return.

　　The animal protectors realize that this information is either good or bad.Researchers have an easy insight into the life of the resident shark population.That the numbers are limited and no population comes from the outside makes researchers more worrying.This makes it especially unlikely that there has been a mistake in the count.Great white sharks falling victim to trawlers(拖网船)，sports fishing，and poaching(偷捕)may also be reasons for the decline，along with a decline in food stocks due to pollution or overfishing.At the same time，of course，people who are afraid of going swimming off California’s beaches because of the sharks will have mixed feelings about their decline.

　　5．From the text we can learn that______.

　　A．the great white shark is facing extinction

　　B．great white sharks are spreading throughout the oceans

　　C．great white sharks rarely attack human beings

　　D．measures have been taken to protect the great white shark

　　6．The underlined word“predator”in Paragraph 3 probably means“______”．

　　A．a creature with a long lifespan

　　B．an animal that looks very strong

　　C．an animal that eats other animals

　　D．a creature that is very unusual

　　7．The researchers are especially worried because______.

　　A．more trawlers are appearing in the habitats of great white sharks

　　B．there is little possibility that their estimated shark population will grow

　　C．they don’t know how to protect great white sharks

　　D．sports fishing and poaching are becoming more and more common

　　8．How do most people feel about great white sharks?

　　A．They think great white sharks only do harm.

　　B．They believe these animals will never die out.

　　C．They believe that the animals are being adequately protected.

　　D．They are happy that there are fewer sharks，but worried about their extinction.

　　二、任务型读写

　　阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

　　Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society，and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life.To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?

　　In this fast-paced world，many values are undergoing major changes.While people traditionally prioritize caring，sharing and generosity in life and work，modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.

　　Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life.They say that it is a jungle out there.To survive，you have to fight with whatever means that come handy.Obviously greed and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas.In a company，employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position，even at the cost of colleagues.We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct.It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.

　　In spite of common practice，it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness，both of which are not newly invented vocabulary.In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviours were more condemned then.But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.

　　Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them？There is no fixed answer either.Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite.But I personally think that people should not be too selfish.Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually(相互地)beneficial relationship.

　　In conclusion，modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure.However，we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.

　　Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish？

　　Main comparisons Contexts

　　1.______

　　are changing. In the past people put caring，sharing and generosity in the first 2.______.

　　Nowadays，people seem to be more

　　3．______ about themselves.

　　4.______ are changing too. People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的)．

　　People may strive to achieve their own 5.______ at the cost of their co-workers.

　　The author’s understanding

　　6.______ for the changes in author’s eyes. Fierce 7.______ and great

　　8．______ on modern people may be responsible for the changes.

　　The author’s

　　9． ______ towards the topic. A relationship which can

　　10．______two sides should be established.

　　参考答案与解析

　　课时作业(十四)

　　Unit 7　B卷

　　一、阅读理解

　　解题导语：本文主要论述的是语言对人产生的重要作用。积极的语言可以给人以希望和勇气，而消极的语言则可以摧毁人的希望和意志。

　　1．解析：段落大意题。由最后一句“...the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.”可以推出第一段的主题。

　　答案：D

　　2．解析：推理判断题。由第三段第一句“This‘self-talk’helps us motivate ourselves，remember things，solve problems，and calm ourselves down.”可知自言自语有很多的益处。

　　答案：B

　　3．解析：细节理解题。由本句中“Good job！”可知这是在自己做了某项工作之后对自己的一种表扬和肯定。

　　答案：A

　　解题导语：最近，美国斯坦福大学的研究者对加州中部海岸附近栖息的大白鲨进行了数据普查，结果发现现存的大白鲨数量仅为219头。这令他们极为担忧。

　　5．解析：推理判断题。根据第二段．..have discovered that it is falling in the northeastern Pacific Ocean...以及第三段．..but is considered in danger of extinction可知，大白鲨面临灭绝。

　　答案：A

　　6．解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段The great white shark，regarded as a“man eater”．..以及feeding on other animals in the ocean 可知大白鲨被认为是吃人的动物，因此猜出predator意为“食肉动物”。

　　答案：C

　　7．解析：推理判断题。从第五段That the numbers are limited and no population comes from the outside...unlikely that there has been a mistake in the count.可知原来估计的大白鲨的数量增长的可能性不大。

　　答案：B