四川省广安市2014高考英语一轮基础训练题（11）及答案

　　四川省广安市2014高考英语一轮基础训练题（11）及答案

　　Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs, but archaeologists(考古学家)learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don’t break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.

　　It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history—normally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.

　　In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly—buy it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man’s stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!

　　Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man’s skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.

　　How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn’t done heavy manual work in this life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn’t died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods.

　　5. Which language does the word “archaeology” come from?

　　A. French.

　　B. Greek

　　C. Roman.

　　D. German。

　　6. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to _____.

　    A. letters

　　B. photographs

　　C. paintings

　　D. objects

　　7. Which of the following helped to preserve “Lindow Man”?

　　A. Ice and low temperature

　　B. Bacteria and oxygen

　　C. Soil and energy

　　D. Acid and water

　　8. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A. “Lindow Man” was named after the person who first found him.

　　B. Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.

　　C. “Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.

　　D. “Lindow Man” was good at manual work.

　　9. Which is the best title for the passage?

　　A. What Is Archaeology?

　　B. Archaeology and History

　　C. An Amazing Archaeological Discovery

　　D. The Death of “Lindow Man”5. B。从文章第一句可以知道，archaeology这个词来自希腊语。

　　6. D.从第一段的最后一句可知，these指的是比较坚硬、不太会损坏或消失的物体，比如人骨或用石头、金属等制作的物品。

　　7. D.第四段的2、3两句指出了水和酸在保存Lindow man过程中起了很大作用。

　　8. B.Lindow man的发现印证了第一段中作者提出的这一观点。

　　9. C.本文主要篇幅讲述了一个具体的考古发现。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　July 27st, 2010 was a typical English summer’s day – it rained for 24 hours! As usual, I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. Nothing was amiss. By the time I left work at 5pm, however, the road into our village was flooded. Our house had never been flooded but, as I opened the front door, a wave of water greeted me. Thank God the kids weren’t with me, because the house was 5 feet deep in water. We lost everything downstairs.

　　At first we tried to push on through. We didn’t want to move the children out of home, so we camped upstairs. We put a sheet of plastic across the floor to protect us from the damp. But after three months, we felt very sick, so we moved to a wooden house in a park. The house was small, but at first we were all just delighted to be in a new place. Unfortunately, things took longer than expected and we were there for 10 months. The life there was inconvenient. What surprised me most was how much I missed being part of a community（社区）. We had lived in a friendly village with good neighbours, and I’d never thought how much I’d miss that.

　　Although our situation was very had, it’s difficult to feel too sorry for yourself when you look at what’s happening elsewhere. I watched a news report about floods in Northern India and thought, “We didn’t have a straw but（茅草房）that who swept away, and our house is still standing. We’re lucky.”

　　We moved back home in August. With December coming, there’s still reconstruction work to be done, so it’s difficult to prepare for Christmas, But I can’t wait-I’m going to throw a party for our friends in the village to say thanks for their support. This year, I won’t need any gifts-living away from home for months has made me realize how little we actually need or miss all our possessions. Although we are replacing things, there’s really no rush-we have our home back, and that’s the main thing.

　　1．What does the underlined word “amiss” in the first paragraph mean?

　　A．Wrong

　　B．Missing

　　C．Right

　　D．Difficult

　　2．Why does the author say that they were lucky in the third paragraph?

　　A．Because they were able to move to a new place.

　　B．Because many other places were flooded.

　　C．Because their straw hut was not swept away.

　　D．Because some others suffered even more.

　　3．It can be inferred from the text that the author

　　A．was sick of staying upstairs

　　B．cared much about her children

　　C．could not stand living in a wooden house

　　D．did not deal well with her family affairs during the flood

　　4．What does the author mainly want to express by telling her story?

　　A．She valued human feelings more than before.

　　B．She realized she almost didn’t need possessions.

　　C．She found Christmas gifts no longer badly needed.

　　D．She thought her own home was the most important.

　　1—4、 ADBA

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　　B

　　If you walk slowly through downtown Helsinki during the day, taking in the splendid 19 th century buildings, white boats and noise of passing trams (有轨电车), you will start to understand why it is called a city of two colors: white and blue.

　　The sea is always present in Helsinki. When you take a walk over the great open space of the central square, you will hear seabirds screaming. When you take the tram, suddenly and unexpectedly, you are faced with a calm, shining blue sea. You may notice that people in Helsinki do not rush about as in other cities. Instead, they walk along the roads, politely letting other people by.

　　A usual way to see Helsinki for the first time is to start out by the boats. You will walk by the elderly women selling fish and vegetables in the market square and find yourself in front of a beautiful park. You may enjoy a pleasant walk in the park for a few hours and then take the tram. Trams are the perfect way to get around in Helsinki. Watching the old houses, parks, theatres, churches, shops, restaurants and people in the streets, you may have a slightly sad film feeling to it.

　　The pale summer nights are another wonder in the city. Following the waterfront（滨水区）of the city after sunset, you couldn’t help stopping and listening to the sweet silence, interrupted only by the screaming seabirds and leaving fishing boats.

　　However, in some way. Helsinki is also the most modern city in northern Europe. You will surely want to visit the white Glass Palace, the modern art museum, and all those extremely popular cafes and design stores.

　　5．Helsinki is called a city of two colors mainly because of the colors of its ________.

　　A．19th century white buildings and boats

　　B．19th century buildings and passing trams

　　C．white roads and blue trams

　　D．old buildings, boats and the sea

　　6．The best way to see most of Helsinki is to go ________.

　　A．by boat

　　B．by bus

　　C．by tram

　　D．on foot

　　7．The 19th century buildings, the white Glass Palace and all those popular cafes and design shops show that Helsinki is _________.

　　A．both western and eastern

　　B．both quiet and noisy

　　C．both historical and modern

　　D．both old and new

　　8．This passage is most likely to be found in _________.

　　A．a story-book

　　B．a geography textbook

　　C．a research report

　　D．a travel magazine

　　5—8、D CCD

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　　C

　　There’s a time to get angry, and it’s best for your child if you do. Let’s say your child hits a playmate with a toy hard enough to make the other child cry. How can you teach your child to feel sorry so he or she won’t do it again? Researchers say the best way for parents to react（反应）is to show their anger and to let the child know exactly why they are mad.

　　Many parents believe that it is best to control their feelings and to wait until they’re calm before scolding their children. But the mother or father who explains reasonably to a child , “Peter was crying because you hit him,” is not likely to attract much attention. Young children need to be scolded immediately, and strongly, before they’ll take criticism （批评）to heart.

　　When your young child does something wrong, scold him or her seriously at once. At the same time be sure to tell the child clearly what he or she has done wrong. An angry reaction without an immediate explanation does little good. Forbidding a child to play outside or not allowing him to watch TV as a punishment works well-but only when taken together with an explanation. Make sure your child understands that although his or her wrongdoing has made you angry, you still love him or her. Use simple, direct words such as, “You hurt peter. How would you feel if he hit you? You must never, never hurt people.” If your voice expresses strong feeling clearly, your message will carry enough weight.

　　9．According to researchers, how should parents react when their child did something wrong?

　　A．Ask the child not to do it again any time.

　　B．Show the child how angry they are and tell him why.

　　C．Teach the child why and how to say sorry to others.

　　D．Let the child know you still love hime or her.

　　10．What do many parents think they should do with the wrongdoer?

　　A．Calm themselves down before scolding him.

　　B．Hide their feelings when talking to him.

　　C．Explain immediately why he was wrong.

　　D．Speak strongly and angrily to him.

　　11．What could be the best title for the text?

　　A．Different Ways to Deal with Children’s Wrongdoings

　　B．Differences among Parents in Dealing with Children

　　C．Best Ways to Stop Children’s Wrongdoings

　　D．Research on Preventing Children from Hurting Others

　　9—11、B

　　A

　　C