12月24日,2017考研初试正式拉开序幕。据教育部公布,共有201万人参加考研,创下史上最高记录。相比去年增长了13.5%左右。至于其背后的原因,新浪教育通过微博调查收集了来自网友的意见。在参与调查投票的网友中,超过七成网友认为,考研人数暴涨主要是由就业形势所导致的。还有约17.4%的网友认为,“全日制和非全日制研究生招录统一实施”这一政策变动是重要原因。
Xiong Bingqi, deputy director of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, an education think tank, said the surge was partly due to a newly implemented policy requiring people who apply for part-time postgraduate programs to take the exam.
21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇表示,考研人数暴涨的原因之一是新政策要求报考非全日制研究生的人也参加统考。
“非全日制研究生”的英文表达是part-time postgraduate student,是相对于正规的全日制研究生(full-time postgraduate student)而言的。过去,报考非全日制研究生者无须参加全国硕士研究生统一入学考试(take the national entrance examination for postgraduates),他们只需要提交指定文件并通过大学组织的面试(submit required documents and pass interviews organized by universities)即可。
熊丙奇表示,中国的经济和就业环境(economic and employment environment)是考研人数暴涨的最主要原因。与此同时,据教育部和人社部的数据显示,2017年的大学毕业生(college graduates)人数预计将创下新高,达到近800万。毕业生人数的持续上涨进一步加大了求职压力。在这种形势下,考研便成了许多大学毕业生的首选。
调查发现,35%的人选择考研是为了增强自己在就业市场上的竞争力(add to their competitiveness in the job market),31%的人是为了提升自己的学术研究能力(improve their academic research ability)。
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