（全国通用）2014届高考英语一轮单元复习 限时强化训练四

　　通用版2014届高考英语一轮单元复习限时强化训练精品四

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．At ________ good news，she felt confused for ________ moment，and then began to burst into laughter.

　　A．the；the

　　B．the；a

　　C．a；the

　　D．a；a

　　答案　B　[第一空是特指，所以填the；第二空for a moment意为“一会儿”。 ]

　　2．Many years later，the father returned form the army and found that his daughter was no longer ________ she used to be.

　　A．what

　　B．how

　　C．when

　　D．whom

　　答案　A　[what引导的从句在句中作表语(即表语从句)，what又在表语从句中作表语。]

　　3．The two birds ________ each other in shape and color，in other words，they ________ each other in shape and color.

　　A．differ；are different from

　　B．differ from；are different with

　　C．resemble；are similar to

　　D．resemble；are similar with

　　答案　C　[正确的“不同”与“相似”的表达分别是：A differs from B或A is different from B和A is similar to B。]

　　4．With a chicken ________ on the fire，I can't leave even for a minute.

　　A．toasting

　　B．toasted

　　C．to be toasted

　　D．being toasted

　　答案　D　[用v.­ing形式的被动式作宾补，表示宾语a chicken正在火上被烧烤。]

　　5．I can't tolerate being made fun of，________ never to come again.

　　A．determined

　　B．being determined

　　C．determine

　　D．to determine

　　答案　A　[形容词determined在此处作状语，说明主语的状态。]

　　6．The shepherd had to round up the sheep ________ first night fell.

　　A．until

　　B．before

　　C．after

　　D．till

　　答案　B　[before引导的时间状语从句，符合题意。]

　　7．My daughter did very well in the mid­term exam，________ first on the list of all the students.

　　A．getting

　　B．ranking

　　C．to rank

　　D．to get

　　答案　B　[ranking first...是分词短语作状语。]

　　8．________ on the small island，the tower has been seriously damaged by the seawater.

　　A．Being lain

　　B．Lain

　　C．Being located

　　D．Located

　　答案　D　[表“位于”可用locate的过去分词located。动词lie表示“位于”为不及物动词，无被动式。]

　　9．Every painting she ______ to her country，which was her will.

　　A．had been contributed　

　　B．had to be contributed

　　C．had contribute

　　D．had was contributed

　　答案　D　[此题的主干是Every painting was contributed to her country，which was her will.其中she had是定语从句修饰先行词every painting。]

　　10．Hundreds of small islands spread out on the vast sea ________ the famous coast.

　　A．on

　　B．over

　　C．around

　　D．off

　　答案　D　[off the coast意为“在海面上”。 ]

　　11．Canada has almost ________ as China，but it doesn't have ________ as that of China.

　　A．the same size；so a large populationB．the same size；so large a population

　　C．as；as a large populationD．so large；as large population

　　答案　B　[同级比较要用“as/so＋adj./adv.＋ as”或“as/so＋adj.＋a＋可数名词单数＋as”结构，其中so一般只用于否定句中。]

　　12．Today in Australia，there are thousands of creatures，________ are endangered by human beings.

　　A．many of them

　　B．most whom

　　C．the majority of which

　　D．whose many

　　答案　C　[先行词为事物，故选C。]

　　13．Nowadays many young girls are losing weight，so they eat ________ food.

　　A．a few

　　B．a little of

　　C．a bit

　　D．a bit of

　　答案　D　[“一点食物”可译为：a bit of food或a little food。]

　　14．Don't forget to bring the box to Lily，________？

　　A．are you

　　B．will you

　　C．do you

　　D．shall we

　　答案　B　[祈使句的反意疑问句一般用will you。]

　　15．Jack likes swimming，but he doesn't enjoy skating.________.

　　A．So do I

　　B．It is so with me

　　C．Neither do I

　　D．So it is with me

　　答案　D　[前面部分的两个谓语，一个是肯定，一个是否定，一般不用A、C，可用So it is with...或It is the same with...。]

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　Six astronauts are about to experience what it's like to travel to Mars and back，only without actually leaving Earth.Three Russian astronauts will join three colleagues from other countries as they are locked up together for a year and a half on a simulated(模仿的) mission to Mars.The mission is called Mars­500.

　　The Mars­500 mission at Moscow's Institute of Biomedical Problems will test the psychological and physical effects of long­term isolation on humans.

　　The group's leader，engineer Sytev，looks at the three­square­meter place that will be his personal habitation.“This phone will work for only 11 days.When we are near the Earth，it will be switched off，” said Sytev.Sytev is a newly­wed.He says the most difficult thing will be to be separated from his wife and the persons around him.He finds it difficult to leave some of his habits behind—all their activities will be directed towards a certain goal and that he won't see sunsets，sunrises，won't feel rain for 18 months.

　　After 250 days，three of the astronauts will simulate landing on Mars.The other three will wait for them—in the mock spacecraft—for a month.All communication with Earth will be via e­mail and will have as much as a 40­minute delay，like on a real Mars mission.

　　Suvorov is a physician.He and other scientists will monitor the astronauts.“This experiment is unique because the six persons will be isolated for a long period of time，” noted Suvorov.“They will have to make decisions on their own and only then report to the Earth，and the Earth will tell them whether they did the right thing or not.”He says the experiment will pave the way for a real Mars journey later this century.“We are going to determine how much food and other products of daily use are needed，and how people of different cultures，of different training can find common language and work on performing their tasks，” added Suvorov.

　　Mars­500 is the third in a series of flight simulations.The earlier ones were shorter.The current experiment is set to end in November 2011.

　　【语篇解读】 远征火星，这个梦离现实并不远。Mars­500计划最近招募了6名国际宇航员进行为时一年半的模拟训练。

　　1．The underlined word “mock” in Paragraph 4 means ________.

　　A．simulated

　　B．advanced

　　C．small

　　D．comfortable

　　答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据文章主要内容可知，这是一次仿真模拟实验，这艘宇宙飞船也是仿真的，故选A。]

　　2．What do we learn about the Mars­500 mission according to the text?

　　A．The base is located in New York，America.

　　B．It is a simulation program designed for the future space expedition.

　　C．All astronauts will spend 18 months in the spacecraft.

　　D．Astronauts can't use any mobile phone during the experiment.

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。从第一段和最后一段可知，Mars­500是一次长达1年半的模拟训练。]

　　3．What is the most difficult thing that Sytev will face during their training?

　　A．Standing the isolation and loneliness.

　　B．There existing a 40­minute delay.

　　C．Lacking food and other products.

　　D．Being monitored by Suvorov and other scientists.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。从第三段可知A项正确。]

　　4．We can learn from Suvorov's words that ________.

　　A．it's hard for the astronauts to perform their tasks together

　　B．more experiments will be carried out for a real journey

　　C．the astronauts should learn to make decisions on their own

　　D．different cultures of the astronauts don't matter any more

　　答案　C　[细节理解题。从第五段可知答案为C。]

　　B

　　Today we tell you about some new understanding of why cutting the main branch of a plant or tree can lead to better development.

　　The findings are from researchers on two_continents.Professor Prezemyslaw Prusinkiewicz of the University of Calgary in Canada led the research with scientists from Britain and Sweden.Their study appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

　　Researchers have known since the 1930s that the actively growing tip of a plant produces a hormone(荷尔蒙) called auxin(生长素)．This hormone flows down the main stem.Scientists say the auxin has an indirect effect on buds(芽) on the side of the stem to prevent branching.

　　These buds themselves also produce auxin.The research suggests that to grow，they have to be able to export the hormone into the main stem.But the flow from the stem tip prevents them from doing this.The researchers wanted to find out how this blocking happens.

　　Professor Prusinkiewicz is on leave in Australia，but he sent us an e­mail suggesting a simple way to understand the process.Think of a major road crowded with traffic.So many cars are on the main road that the cars on the side roads cannot enter.

　　The stem is like the crowded main road.The new research shows that the buds on the side cannot export their auxin into the main stem because it is too full.But if that main shoot is pruned(修剪)，other buds below it can start exporting.They are no longer prevented from growing.

　　Ottoline Leyser from the University of York says that after a plant is pruned，all the inhibited(被抑制的) shoot tips compete with each other to grow.In doing this，the branches influence each other's growth.Nearby shoot tips are more likely to affect each other than those that are far apart from each other.

　　Professor Leyser says the strongest branches grow best，wherever they may be on the plant.The study found that the main shoot grows the best of all not because of its position at the top of the plant，but mostly because it got there first.

　　【语篇解读】 本文讲述了关于降低植物顶端优势，修剪树木主干的新的理解。

　　5．The underlined part “two continents” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”．

　　A．Asia and Africa

　　B．Africa and Europe

　　C．North America and Europe D．Australia and Europe

　　答案　C　[细节推理题。根据第二段提及的科学家的国籍可推测出，Canada属于北美，而Britain and Sweden属于欧洲。]

　　6．Professor Prusinkiewicz compares the cars on the side roads to ________.

　　A．plant stems　

　　B．plant buds

　　C．the leaves of a plant　

　　D．the roots of a plant

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据文章第五、六段可知，Professor Prusinkiewicz把植物的芽比作马路支路上的汽车。]

　　7．To make the buds on the side of the stem to grow better，the main shoot should ________.

　　A．be cut off

　　B．be protected

　　C．be watered as much as possible

　　D．be given much auxin

　　答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第六段if that main shoot is pruned，other buds below it can start exporting.可知，为了让枝干上的芽生长，树顶的主芽应修剪掉。]

　　8．According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE?

　　A．Researchers have recently found out that the growing tip of a plant produces hormones.

　　B．Auxin has a direct effect on buds to keep branches from growing.

　　C．Buds on the side of the stem can't produce hormones.

　　D．In order to grow，the buds on the side of the stem export the hormones into the main stem.

　　答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知，科学家早在20世纪30年代就发现了植物快速生长的尖部产生荷尔蒙，A错误；由第三段第三句可知B错误；由第四段首句可知芽也可以产生生长素，C错误；D表述与第四段意思相符。]