湖南省长沙县实验中学2016届高三英语二轮复习书面表达复习重点话题指导专题14 社会交际类话题指导（教师版）

　　实例指导1-----身势语

　　【写作任务】

　　身势语在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用，请根据下列提示写一篇书面表达：

　　◆什么是身势语(body language)

　　◆身势语的作用

　　◆举例说明在讲英语和讲汉语国家有相同含义的身势语。如：挥手表示再见、微笑和握手表示欢迎。

　　◆对于不同的国家来说，身势语也不同。例如，在俄罗斯、法国、阿拉伯国家里，男人们见面时彼此亲吻。然而，在中国或澳大利亚男人见面从不亲吻而是握手。

　　◆学一门外语时，了解这个国家的身势语很重要。

　　根据提示可以适当发挥。词数：120左右。

　　【参考范文】

　　Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions and gestures. For example, waving one's hand is to say

　　"Good-bye." A smile and handshake show

　　welcome. And they

　　are

　　accepted

　　both

　　by Chinese and foreigners with the same meanings.

　　However,

　　different

　　countries have different body languages.

　　For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet,

　　but men

　　in

　　China

　　or Australia

　　shake

　　hands

　　instead

　　of kissing.

　　When

　　you

　　use

　　a

　　foreigin language, it is very important to know the

　　meanings of

　　gestures

　　of

　　the

　　country. And it will make your stay there

　　much

　　more

　　pleasant and

　　comfortable.

　　实例指导2――Being a Good Listener

　　【写作任务】

　　实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表、更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。词数150左右。

　　为何倾听 表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系

　　谁来倾听 家长倾听孩子 理解孩子，消除代沟，……

　　老师倾听学生 了解学生，满足需求，……

　　同学相互倾听 增进友谊，互帮互学，……

　　怎样倾听 （请考生联系自己拟定内容，列举两至三点。）

　　Good afternoon, everyone!

　　The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.

　　__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　【写作指导】

　　★文体分析

　　本文是演讲稿。主题是如何成为一名好的倾听者。要求根据表格内列出的要点提示进行说明，并发表自己的看法，属于半命题、半开放性作文。此范文要点齐全，论述严密，一环扣一环，同时较多地使用了祈使句，整体上给人一种灼灼逼人的气势。文章使用了第一人称，所用时态主要是一般现在时。

　　★行文模式

　　本文采用了“三段式”的结构。

　　【范文参考】

　　Good afternoon, everyone!

　　The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.

　　Good listening can always show respect, promote understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship.

　　Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to be formed.

　　What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.

　　Thank you for your listening!

　　★佳句共赏

　　1. Many people suggest that … and find it easy to narrow the generation gap.

　　2. What I want to stress is that …

　　3. Show … show … be open-minded to ...

　　实例指导3――How to Communicate

　　作任务:

　　为了促进在校中美学生的交流, 友谊国际学校决定组织一次主题为"How to Communicate"的英语座谈会。假设你是参加座谈的学生代表之一,打算在会上就body language在交流中的作用及重要性谈谈你的看法,现请你拟一份简短的发言稿,

　　词数150左右。

　　初稿:

　　Body language is very important in communicating. I think people all use body language when they communicate with someone. There are many kinds of body languages and people from different places may have different body languages. If you want to communicate well, you need to understand the meaning of the body language. Most of the people use hands, eyes, and emotions to help them express themselves. Pay attention to them when you are communicating. You will learn more about the people. At the same time, other people are also reading your body language. So if you don’t use body language correctly, you may give a wrong message to the person. You may create misunderstanding and make the communication difficult to carry on.

　　的观点或者写一个简短的结论来结束全文。     最后一个需要注意的细节是开头。由于本文是为座谈会上的发言准备的,礼貌地打招呼是演讲基本的礼仪。

　　成稿:

　　I’m honored to have this chance to give a short speech here. Body language is an important part of communication which, according to a study, constitutes around 55% of what we are communicating. It is a language without being spoken, which is used especially to help us express feelings. Knowing how to use body language would help you communicate effectively. You can learn more information by interpreting a person’s body language. When learning to understand body language of others, we can learn to use our body language. Using right body language can help you to express yourself clearly and quickly. It is important to note that body language has different meanings in different cultures. If we do not take this into account and use wrong body language, we may create misunderstanding and get ourselves into trouble.

　　If you wish to communicate well, use your body to say what you mean and pay attention to others’ body language.

　　实例指导4――Getting Along with Others

　　写作任务:

　　    在日常生活中,我们每天都要与人打交道,而说到与人打交道,我们更多想到的是如何处理好与同学、老师以及朋友的关系,而往往忽略了与我们每天都要面对的、最亲近的父母之间的关系。不少同学以"代沟"为借口,拒绝与父母交流沟通。你怎样看待这个现象？说说你的看法以及你与父母融洽相处的小秘诀。

　　【写作指导】

　　1. 写作任务要求大家根据某一话题发表自己的看法,根据所给题目,我们可以提炼的信息是,该习作要求对一种社会现象进行分析,然后给出自己的见解。写作任务部分已经对这种现象进行了描述,因而写作重点是你对该现象的看法。我们可以从自己的日常生活中总结经验,提出自己的观点:多和父母交流才能促进理解,进而融洽相处。

　　2. 确立写作重点之后,就要考虑文章的结构。该习作可以分三部分来完成:首先,简要描述当前同学们在与父母相处过程中遇到的问题；其次,就这些问题阐明你的观点,论述时要注意条理性和逻辑性；最后,再次强调一下文章的主题思想,突出中心。

　　3. 注意语言的流畅性和上下文之间的连贯性。

　　初稿:

　　          How to Get Along with Your Parents    Nowadays, many teenagers are having problems getting along with parents. Some quarrel with their parents from time to time. Some even have negative attitude to-wards their parents. Nobody wants to have problems with his or her parents.     First, I think because of the age gap different generations may have different points of view. And we should try to talk with parents more. Second, I think we kids should trust our parents and turn to them when we are in trouble, because they are more experienced and they may help us out. Third, we kids should think more about our parents’ lives. Our parents have much pressure on them from society and they’re very busy. Sometimes they may scold us and may not have the patience to listen to us, but we all know our parents love us.     Finally, I want to emphasize that communication is the best solution for getting along with others, including the most intimate people --our parents.

　　后展开论述,第一点最好跟后面两点保持一致。

　　(3)文中有些句子显得很突兀,如第一段中最后一句"Nobody wants to have problems with his or her parents"以及第二段中最后一句"Sometimes they may scold us and may not have the patience to listen to us, but we all know our parents love us."建议将这些句子去掉或是整合到其他部分。

　　(4)此外,文中有些地方用词不是很恰当,如最后一句中,"best solution for"建议改成"best way of"。

　　成稿:

　　How to Get Along with Your Parents

　　Nowadays, many teenagers find it hard to get along with their parents. In daily life, they may quarrel with their parents and even have a negative attitude towards their parents’ opinions. So, how can we teenagers get along well with our parents? First, I think we should spend more time with our parents and communicate with them. Different generations may have different views towards one thing, but we should not use that as an excuse to refuse to talk with our parents. Second, we should trust our parents and turn to them when we are in trouble because they are more experienced and may help us solve our problems quickly. Third, we must understand our parents better. They have a lot of pressure in their work, but they still have to spend time taking care of us.     The most important thing for us to remember is that our parents love us deeply, so it should not be so difficult for us to understand and communicate with each other.

　　Powerful sentences:

　　1. Nowadays, many teenagers find it hard to get along with their parents.

　　2. I think we should spend more time with our parents and communicate with them.

　　3. We should trust our parents and turn to them when we are in trouble because they are more experienced and may help us solve our problems quickly.

　　实例指导5―How to make friends

　　写作要求

　　假设你叫王华，你的笔友李君来信询问关于如何交友的问题。请根据下面的汉语提示，

　　结合自身实际，给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1. 交友的重要性； 2. 如何交友：至少提三条建议； 3. 患难朋友才是真朋友。 词数要求：120-150。 文章中可能用到的其他词汇和短语有：

　　discuss with ,in my opinion the most , besides , what’s more , on the other hand , firstly ,secondly ….last

　　, in return

　　, think of , agree with

　　2. 构句：

　　1) I’m writing to discuss with you about how to make good friends. 在这个句子用到了不定式作目的状语。

　　2) As you know , everybody needs friends, so how to make true friends is very important to anybody. 首先本句用到了as 引导的非限制性定语从句，另外本句how－不定式结构作句子的主语。

　　3) In my opinion, to make friends, the most important thing is that you must be friendly to others. 这个句子有连个地方运用的比较好，一个是不定式作目的状语，另一个是出现了表语从句的用法。

　　4) What’s more, you should think more of others than of yourself.

　　本句子联合使用think of 和more than 这两个短语。

　　5) On the other hand, if you don’t agree with others on a certain matter, don’t argue but discuss with him. 首先本句是一个不错的复合句，if 引导的条件句，同时也出现了not …but 句式结构。

　　Dear Li Jun ,

　　Glad to hear from you . Now I’m writing to discuss with you about how to make good friends.

　　As you know , everybody needs friends, so how to make true friends is very important to anybody. In my opinion, to make friends, the most important thing is that you must be friendly to others. Smile at others and you are always sure to get a smile in return. Besides, never judge a person only by his appearance. What’s more, you should think more of others than of yourself.

　　On the other hand, if you don’t agree with others on a certain matter, don’t argue but discuss with him. Always remember, a true friend is the one that is coming in the door while everyone else is going out, as the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”.                                 

　　Yours faithfully                                 

　　Wang Hua

　　参考答案：

　　仿照范文中的句子，将下列汉语译成英文。

　　1.To sleep late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.

　　2. As is known to all, the earth moves around the sun.

　　3. How to get through the valley is still a difficult problem.

　　4 .The trouble is that I have lost his address.

　　5. She speaks more English than I do.

　　6. If he has found it, he will send it.

　　7. All flights have been put off

　　because of the snowstorm , so many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

　　实战演练

　　每个人都有自己的朋友,有时候朋友在遇到困难时可能会向我们求助,如果能办到,我们当然应该尽最大努力去帮忙,但如果朋友提出的某些要求不是我们力所能及的,这时我们就要学会说"不"。不少人往往不知道该如何开口拒绝,尽管明知道有些事情自己做不到,却害怕伤了朋友之间的感情。那么,究竟该如何开口拒绝,才不会伤害对方呢？请就此以"如何正确说'不’"为题来谈谈你的看法。词数120-150。

　　How to Say "No" Properly

　　    A friend in need is a friend indeed. When our friends get into trouble, we should try to help them out if we can manage to do so. However, if it’s something beyond our capability, what should we do? How can we say "no" in a soft and proper way?     First, we should explain to them clearly why we have to turn their requests down and at the same time apologize for being unable to help. Second, try to avoid using ambiguous words that may cause misunderstanding. We’d better make it clear whether we can help or not.     And one thing is very important: We should express ourselves in a polite and sincere way and make our friends understand that we have tried our best.

　　如今世界粮食短缺，价格飞涨，给部分地区造成社会动荡。请就下面表格所提供的内容进行陈述并谈谈你的看法。

　　_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas. But who is responsible for the current world food crisis? First, annual world grains output has declined because of climate change. Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization.

　　Then what should we do to deal with the problem? On one hand, we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology. On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland.

　　As for me, I will call on the people around me to live thriftily. And for the moment, I think, we should study hard to develop science and help solve the food shortage in the future.

　　近几年，很多广告都请明星代言，同时“明星代言”也出现了一些负面影响。 请参考所给要点，写一篇有关明星代言的英语短文。

　　要点：1、明星代言现象很普遍。

　　2、明星代言广告存在一些问题。

　　3、你的看法。

　　注意：1、词数：100-120，文章题目和开头已给出（不计入总词数）。

　　2、参考词汇： 名人，明星 celebrity

　　假冒伪劣产品 fake commodities

　　有系统地调节、管制 regulate v．

　　现在，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求，适时推出了家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：

　　1． 在固定的时间做饭，时间可按需调整；

　　2． 陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；

　　3． 及时处理突发事件。如老人病时，拨呼救电话等。

　　请根据以上内容写一个发言稿，在资讯发布会上向大家推荐公司的这一新产品。注意：

　　1．词数为100左右；

　　2．内容可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；

　　3．短文开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　　参考词汇：突出的，显著的 prominent

　　Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending our company's news conference. As you know, ________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　范文：

　　Ladies__and__gentlemen,__thank__you__for__attending__our__company's__news__conference.__As__you__know,__with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures. They don't have enough time to attend to the old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem. To solve this problem, our company put out the household robot, which is designed to take care of old people. It can cook meals at a fixed time, which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess and doing exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.

　　It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.

　　Thank you.

　　高一（4）班学生就学校研究型课程的要求对全校学生进行了一次关于钱是否能带来幸福进行了调查，请根据下列材料写一篇报告，介绍有关调查情况，并发表自己的意见。

　　Recently I have made an investigation on whether money is the source of happiness.

　　________________________________________________________

　　【参考范文】

　　Recently I have made an investigation on whether money is the source of happiness. The students have different opinions.

　　Some students think that money is the source of happiness. Money is important and we can use money to solve any problem. Without it, we can do nothing. Besides, it enables us to live a comfortable life.

　　Others, however, are against it. In their opinion, money doesn’t mean everything. We can buy happiness with money. If someone focuses too much attention on making money, in time he will lose his healthy, friendship and even love.

　　To be honest, I think we should not regard money as everything. Money is just a tool that can help us solve problems. What we should do is to use it properly. In this way, all of us can lead a happier life.

　　假设你是某报社记者，请根据下表提供的信息写一篇英文稿，简要地报道中国开发中西部的有关情况。

　　主要概括和实施要点 范围：9个省、自治区（autonomous regions）、1个直辖市（municipality）

　　面积：540万平方公里

　　人口：2.85亿

　　交通建设：修建多条公路、铁路

　　环境保护：退耕还林；防治污染

　　资源利用：开发利用其丰富的天然资源

　　人才引进：广纳各类专家、技术人员

　　【写作要求】

　　标题：New Development for Central and Western China

　　必须使用5个句子介绍所给的内容

　　将5个句子组织成连贯的短文

　　.

　　News report,

　　Four young female college students died Friday after falling or jumping from a blazing room on the sixth floor of Shanghai Business School. Witness said one woman who jumped appeared to be aiming for bushes on the ground, but missed and landed on concrete. Witnesses said the other three were desperately trying to climb to another room amid roaring flames when they fell to the concrete paving.

　　The fire broke out in Room 602 of the seven-floor dormitory at the school’s downtown campus on Zhongshan Road West, just after 6 a.m. The fire was caused by an electrical device used to heat water. This had ignited flammable objects, police said late Friday afternoon. After receiving reports of the fire at 6:12 a.m, police, firefighters and ambulances were quickly on the scene. The fire was extinguished by 6:30 a.m., according to the school.

　　There is only one public toilet on each floor to get water and fire extinguishers in the dormitory were outdated, students said.

　　(SZ-Agencies)

　　【参考范文】

　　基础写作：

　　New Development for Central and Western China

　　The Chinese government has recently decided to develop central and western China which includes 9 provinces and autonomous regions and one municipality, covering and area of 5.4 million square kilometers with a population of 285 million. The government will pay special attention to its transportation and some highways and railways will be built. To protect the environment, farmers will return farmland to forest and measures will be taken to prevent pollution. Western China is rich in natural resources, which can be exploited and made full use of. To meet the need of the development, different kinds of experts and skilled workers are to be brought in.

　　After the Tears, Let’s Focus on Dorm Safety

　　It was reported that on November 14, a tragedy occurred in a girls’ dormitory of the Shanghai Business School. Four girls jumped from their sixth-floor balcony in an attempt to escape a fire, and lost their lives.

　　People expressed their sympathy after hearing the tragedy. In my opinion, this incident reflects a lack of awareness of safety procedures. Both the college and the students are responsible for it. On one hand, we students should learn to deal with an emergency calmly in daily life. If there

　　is a crisis, we are supposed to remain calm, ensure we are safe and then call for help.

　　On the other hand, it is the school authorities’ obligation to take safety measures for students living in a campus. Furthermore, more lectures should be held on safety to enhance students’ awareness of the issue.

　　In short, to avoid similar tragedies, both sides must work together.

　　The recent years has seen a widespread use of copycat products, which are involved in people’s daily life because of their lower prices. Moreover, with the complete and same functions, they can satisfy people’s daily needs. So, in some people’s eyes, why do we waste a lot of money to buy those expensive name brands while their copycat products offer whatever we need?

　　However, some insist on abolishing all the copycat products. They argued that there is no

　　guarantee for customers despite of their lower prices. If any quality problems are found, no one

　　will bear the responsibility for the products. What’s worse, they have a bad effect on the creative

　　spirit of a nation.

　　As far as I’m concerned, we should see copycat products as they are and let them go on freely as long as they are worth the money. Besides, time given, they can build up a good image.

　　请根据下面这幅漫画写一篇120词左右的短文。

　　要求：

　　1. 请阐述温室效应所产生的原因。

　　2. 简述其后果，应尽可能涵盖图中所有信息（至少谈及二个方面）。

　　3. 我们该怎么办？

　　【参考范文】

　　These years, global warming is becoming a serious problem, endangering people’s life.

　　Several factors contribute to the rise of temperature. First of all, a lot of greenhouse gas is produced by cars and factories; further more, people burn a lot of coal and wood for their life; the loss of forests is another cause of global warming.

　　Global warming will cause some disastrous effects. In the first place, some island will disappear because of the rise of sea level, and thus people of certain countries will have to look for new places to live. Extreme weather, will also result from global warming. When temperature rises, the production of crops will decrease, which directly endangers people’s lives. If the temperature keeps rising, some animals and plants will disappear from the planet,thus destroying the ecosystem.

　　Facing such a threat, we, as the only intelligent animals in the world, should join efforts to ‘cool’ the earth, for other members of the planet, as well as for ourselves.

　　最近，你校组织学生到农村进行一次社会实践活动，调查“富民政策”实施后，给农村带来的变化，下列四幅图画描绘了你们在农村的所见所闻。请根据图画内容，用英语写一篇实践活动报告。

　　注意：1． 词数：120左右；

　　2． 参考词汇：富民政策rich-peasant policy；

　　3． 运用想象，可适当发挥；

　　4． 开头部分已给出，不计入总词数。

　　【参考范文】

　　Last weekend, our school organized a social activity. We are required to find out how much the countryside

　　has changed since the “rich-peasant policy” was carried out in the country.

　　The countryside takes on a new look both in living environment and mental outlook. Hills are covered with trees and gardens are filled with flowers. Rivers are clean with bridges over them, which makes the traffic very convenient. Peasants are living in the beautiful houses which are equipped with fine furniture. What impressed us most is that peasants are paying special attention to their cultural life. Because they have much money and less physical burden, they have more time for leisure. People look more energetic and younger for their age.

　　This activity was really a big surprise for us. What we saw in the countryside was far better than we expected．

　　春节期间，你同你父母回乡下老家看望你爷爷奶奶，这是你时隔五年后的又一次回乡下，下面是你在乡下的所见所闻，请根据图画内容，写一篇120字左右的英语短文，描述乡村的变化。

　　注意：短文应包括图中所提供的主要信息，并作适当发挥，使短文内容连贯完整。

　　参考词汇：沼气marsh gas

　　【参考范文】

　　During the Spring Festival, I, together with my parents, went to the mountain village where my grandparents live. It is five years since I last went there. Great changes have taken place in the past five years. It is far better than I expected.

　　Hardly had I got off the bus when a high water tower came into my eyes. Now every family can drink fresh

　　running water. Villagers no longer use firewood for cooking. Marsh gas, a new cheap clean energy, makes it very convenient to cook and light. All families have color TV sets. Their pastimes are enjoyable and colorful. What impressed me most was that the best building in the village is the school, where all children can receive good education.

　　I was greatly shocked to have seen all the changes in the countryside. I believe they’ll make even greater achievement with the new countryside policy.

　　今年是改革开放三十三周年，三十年来我国发生了翻天覆地的变化，请你据此写一篇英语作文，谈谈自己的感想要求:1.列出大家熟悉的反映家乡变化的喜事,如购新车、住新房、学生免费接受义务教育等

　　2.列出国内最近中学发生的一两件大事,如成功举办奥运、“神舟七号”顺利升空等

　　3.文章要表达出你的喜悦和自豪之情，并谈谈你的感想

　　注意：

　　1.可以用你熟悉的其它事例，适当发挥。

　　2. 词数：120－150字

　　3. 注意时态

　　参考词汇

　　义务教育：compulsory education

　　举办: host

　　顺利地：smoothly