湖南省长沙县实验中学2016届高三英语二轮复习书面表达复习重点话题指导专题22 自然灾害话题指导（教师版）

　　Class Committee

　　【思路指导】

　　这篇文章是描写自然灾害的文章，它应该属于说明文的范畴，描述这类自然灾害首先要说明灾害的基本情况，然后根据需要选择角度，简明扼要而又突出重点地介绍，力求真实准确，恰如其分。写好自然灾害的文章的关键是实施求是，简单明了。

　　写作时要注意以下几点：

　　1.灾害发生的地点、时间等。灾害的具体影响以及有无规律。

　　2.采取救灾的措施和结果。灾害是否可以有规律和预防，有何经验或建议等。

　　3.时态多用一般过去时，有时为了说明规律和进行总结可以考虑用一般现在时态。

　　4.要采用客观的描述，避免主观的描述内容过多。

　　5.格式通常采用三部分：第一部分为事件发生的地点时间。第二部分具体灾害的内容、影响和补救措施。第三部分为总结规律，提出防范的建议、帮助灾区的倡议、自己的想法和感受等。

　　【参考范文】

　　Dear classmates,

　　As we all know , the most serious earthquake in history attacked our Sichuan Province unexpectedly on May 12 th. It did great harm to the area. Thousands of people lost their lives; and more people were hurt, and what was worse, millions of people were made homeless. After the earthquake, the traffic was blocked and the supply of water and electricity was cut off. With the help of the people all over the China , people in disaster area overcame many difficulties and rebuilt their new homes .

　　But now it is cold winter, people of that area even need warmth. As students，we should give a hand to those people in trouble. Let’s help to fill the world with love.

　　We believe, if every one of us give our help ,they will defeat the difficulties and will live a warm winter .

　　Class Committee

　　Dear editor,

　　I’m a senior student that has experienced a great earthquake. I wrote to you to express my thanks to those who helped us when we suffered the disaster.__________________________

　　_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Best wishes,

　　Yours,

　　第四步 恰当使用句型，连词成句。

　　① I witnessed many strangers devoted their efforts to saving lives, providing food and clothes regardless of their own safety.

　　② I couldn’t find my parents in such a short time.

　　③ Only few days passed before the students returned to classrooms to have classes.

　　④ New houses are also being reconstructed and it is not long before we moved into our new houses.

　　⑤ we all treasure the opportunity of studying in the classroom

　　⑥ The help from others taught us how to respect others and take others into consideration.

　　⑦ It was also the help from strangers that made us realize the importance of helping and caring for each other facing disaster.

　　⑧I think what we should do is to study harder and help more people in return.

　　【参考范文】

　　Dear editor,

　　I’m a senior student that has experienced a great earthquake. I wrote to you to express my thanks to those who helped us when we suffered the disaster. During this time, I witnessed many strangers devoted their efforts to

　　saving lives, providing food and clothes regardless of their own safety. Without their help, I couldn’t find my parents in such a short time, which makes me excited. Besides, only few days passed before the students returned to classrooms to have classes. New houses are also being reconstructed and it is not long before we moved into our new houses.

　　As a result, we all treasure the opportunity of studying in the classroom. The help from others taught us how to respect others and take others into consideration. It was also the help from strangers that made us realize the importance of helping and caring for each other facing disaster.

　　Now, I think what we should do is to study harder and help more people in return.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【教师点评】

　　作者注重句式的变化（斜体），与before有关的句型；强调句型；主语从句等各领风骚，体现了写信者的文采。短语（下划线）使用到位，为表达文意发挥了重要作用；所增连接词（黑体）使句子间有了自然地过渡。总之，这封信表达了列出的要点，且不落俗套，处处

　　【句型拓展】写感谢信及灾后重建方面的作文还可以用到以下句型：

　　together while students in the junior middle school tent received psychological help from a mental health-care teacher.

　　14. Meanwhile, temporary relocation sites such as these have been set up to shelter the town's remaining survivors.

　　实例指导3—— 捐款通知

　　【写作任务】

　　假如你是李华，最近，在我国西南部的四川省汶川县发生了里氏8.0级的地震，多人遇难。因此你们学校决定于周日邀请地震方面的专家给全体学生做有关地震安全自救知识的讲座，请你代表学生会出一个通知。通知包括以下内容：

　　1、讲座目的：提高学生在地震时的安全自救意识和能力。

　　2、讲座时间：5月18日（周日）下午2点。

　　3、地点：学校大礼堂

　　4、讲座时间：1小时30分钟左右

　　5、要求：全校所有学生务必参加，自带纸笔。

　　注意：1、字数：120-150

　　2、通知的格式已给出，不计入总词数。

　　3、生词：里氏震级 Richter scale

　　NOTICE

　　Remember to come on time.

　　Students’ Union

　　【写作指导】

　　第一步

　　仔细审题，确立主题，明确要求

　　要点序号 关键单词和短语

　　① Measure, on the Richter scale, Jolt, Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, in southwest China, result in

　　② Prevent… from…, identify, potential risks, ahead of time, make advance planning, save.

　　③ This is the reason why…, decide, invite …to…, give a lecture

　　④ Involve, protect, guarantee, your safety, before, during, after an earthquake.

　　⑤ Start, at 2 pm, May 18, in the great hall, last, about one and a half hour.

　　⑥ All the students, are required to, take part in the lecture, on time

　　⑦ Paper and a pen, need, in case, write down, some important points.

　　⑧ Hope, present, benefit a lot from.

　　第四步 恰当使用句型，连词成句。

　　① Recently， an earthquake measuring 8.0 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province in

　　【参考范文】

　　NOTICE

　　Recently， an earthquake measuring 8.0 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province in southwest China, resulting in many deaths. Unfortunately, we cannot prevent an earthquake from happening, but if we identified potential risks ahead of time and made advance planning, many lives would be saved. So this is the reason why our school has decided to invite experts to give a lecture. It will involve how to protect yourself and guarantee your safety before, during or after an earthquake. It starts at 2 pm, May 18 in the great hall and lasts about one and a half hour. All the students are required to take part in the lecture on time. Besides, paper and a pen are also needed in case you write down some important points. I hope everyone present will benefit a lot from it.

　　Remember to come on time.

　　Students’ Union

　　2. The organizers have the right to refuse late-comers.

　　3. It has been decided that … will be held …in order to….

　　4. Please be there on time.

　　5. All the students are welcome to take part in ….

　　6. Our school is planning to hold… at…

　　7. Earthquakes strike suddenly, violently, and without warning at any time of the day or night.

　　8. If an earthquake occurs in a populated area, it may cause many deaths and injuries and extensive property damage.

　　9. In case family members are separated from one another during an earthquake, develop a plan for reuniting after the disaster.

　　10. Minimize your movements to a few steps to a nearby safe place and stay indoors until the shaking has stopped and you are sure exiting is safe.

　　11.   …demanded sufficient supply of food, medicine, clothes and tents to the quake-hit areas and that telecommunication, power and water supplies and transportation access must be restored as soon as possible.

　　12.  Local governments should keep a close watch on the latest development of the earthquake and its aftershocks, and guard against earthquake-induced disasters causing new casualties.

　　13. The disaster had caused more than … reported deaths by Tuesday evening in …alone.

　　14. He called on both officials and the masses in …to speed up efforts to fight the disaster and rescue themselves.

　　实战演练

　　假如你校正在开展"秋季防火"安全教育活动。请根据下面的提示,为你校校报英文专栏写一篇题为"A Forest Fire"的报道,并发表个人看法。(词数:120左右)

　　1. 时间:昨日深夜

　　2. 地点:大山林场(Dashan Timber Land)

　　3. 起因:一个过路人乱丢烟头(cigarette end)

　　4. 经过:消防队员立即赶到现场,经过5小时的奋战,终于控制住了火势

　　5. 后果:1/3的森林被烧毁,一人死亡,两名消防队员受伤

　　请根据所给内容写一篇关于汶川地震的短文。标题已经给出。

　　Earthquake strikes Wenchuan!

　　［写作内容］

　　1．时间：2008年5月12日14时28分

　　2．震级：里氏8.0级measuring 8.0 degrees on the Richter scale

　　3．死伤人数:近7万人死亡, 34万多人受伤

　　破坏程度：90％建筑物倒塌

　　4．现在情况：灾难并不能摧跨汶川人民的精神。汶川人民在人民解放军的帮助下展开自救,相信汶川一定会重建好,成为现代化的美丽城市。

　　5．提醒人们不要忘记灾难和在危难时给灾区人民提供帮助,一方有难,八方支援是我们中华民族的优良传统。

　　［写作要求］

　　只能用五个句子表达全部内容；

　　内容连贯，结构完整

　　Many people prefer to travel by air. This is because air travel has some advantages. In the first place, airplane, the miracle created by man, is the fastest means of transport. Secondly, traveling by air is convenient and comfortable. Friendly air hostesses are affectionate and considerate. They look after passengers all the way to their destinations. Moreover, on long distance flights there are films and music for people to entertain themselves.

　　As a popular saying goes, “Everything has two sides.” The same is true of air travel. For one thing, air travel costs a great deal. The average Chinese are not rich enough to afford expensive air fares. So they prefer to take a train, which saves a lot of money. For another, although passengers are assured（保证）of their safety, they are still worried about it during the journey because flying always involves more or less risk.

　　写作内容

　　概括短文的内容要点，该部分的字数大约30词左右。

　　就“外出旅游采用乘飞机的方式好吗”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约120词左右。

　　外出旅游的交通方式有多种；

　　人们对于乘飞机方式有不同的看法；

　　如果你去旅游你会采用何种交通方式？为什么？

　　你可以用实例或其它方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料。

　　An earthquake measuring 8.0 degrees on the Richter scale hit/struck Wenchuan at 2:28 on the afternoon of May 12th,2008,which killed

　　more than 79,000 people and caused over 340,000

　　injured at the same time and over 90% of the buildings were destroyed. However, the brave Wenchuanese will not be beaten down by the disaster. Now they are saving themselves with the help of the PLA. We strongly believe the city is to be built to be a modern beautiful city again.

　　A year has passed, but never should we forget the damage the earthquake caused to them and those who are still in terrible trouble, so we should try our best to help them out, for it is our fine tradition of our Chinese people.

　　2011年3月11日， 日本发生强烈地震，引发波海啸。海啸夺去了一万多人的生命，另有上百万人流离失所，亟待救援。世界各国纷纷捐款救灾，我国政府和人民也向受灾国家和人民伸出救助之手。假设你是班长，在全班提出倡议，向灾区人民捐款。用英语写一篇口头倡议，包括以下内容:

　　1.受灾情况简介;

　　2.尽微薄之力，奉献爱心;

　　3.捐款地点（学校门口捐款箱）。

　　注意：

　　1.词数：100左右；

　　2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；　　　

　　近来，你校开展“献爱心，送温暖”活动，号召广大学生向贫困或受灾地区捐款捐物。请你参考下列表格要点提示，以“捐款还是捐物”为题写一篇100-120字的英语短文。可适当增加内容。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。

　　参考词汇：生活必需品 daily necessities

　　关于捐款 关于捐物

　　赞成 1．捐款可以直接帮助人们购买生活必需用品或用于重建家园等。 1．捐物可以旧物利用。

　　反对 2．中学生无生活来源，无钱捐献。 2．捐物可能造成浪费，因为有些人得到的捐物并非自己所需要的物品。

　　We often give money to the people in poor or disaster-stricken areas．But some students___________

　　文评分原则We often give money to the people in poor or disaster-stricken areas．But some students don’t think it a good way to do so.

　　In their opinion, money can be used to buy daily necessities and can help people rebuild their hometowns, while sometimes the things people there receive are not what they need actually.

　　But some other students think that giving used clothing to the people in those areas is better．Many people, especially in rich areas and in cities, have much clothing they no longer like or need．By giving it away to the needy people，we can make the best use of it．Besides, we are just students, and we have no incomes of our own.

　　Anyhow, no matter which way is considered better, we should try our best to help those who need help

　　近来，长江中学开展“献爱心，‘送沮暖”活动，号召广大学生向贫困或受灾地区捐款捐物。请你参考下列表格要点提示，以“捐款还是捐物”为中心写一篇120词左右的英语短文；可适当增加内容。

　　关于捐款 关于捐物

　　捐款可以直接帮助人们购买生活必需用品或用于重建家园等;

　　中学生无生活来源,无钱捐献. 捐物可以旧物利用;

　　捐物可能造成浪费,因为有些人得到的捐物并非自己所需要的物品.

　　参考词汇：生活必需品daily necessities

　　One possible version:

　　We often give money to the people in poor or disaster-stricken areas. Some students don't think it a good way to help people there .However ,some prefer helping the unfortunate with money. In their opinion, money can be used to buy daily necessities and can help people rebuild their hometowns ,while sometimes the things people there receive are not what they need actually. But some other students think that giving used clothing to the people in those areas is better .Many people ,especially in rich areas and in cities ,have much clothing they no longer like or need. By giving it away to the needy people we can make the best use of it . Besides ,we are just students ,and we have no incomes of our own. Anyhow ,no matter which way is considered better ,we should try our best to help those who need help.

　　阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

　　I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains．The sun was setting when my car broke down near a remote and poor village．Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house．Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house．While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage．

　　I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess's courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table．Some villagers brought me goat's cheese and honey．We drank together and talked merrily till far into the night．

　　When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused her．

　　[写作内容]

　　学校举行了英语阅读读后感交流活动。阅读了上述故事后，你准备写一篇英语读后感的稿件以便明天发言。内容要求如下：

　　1．以约30个词概括本文的要点；

　　2．然后以约120个词谈谈你的感受，内容包括：

　　（1）表达帮助别人或在需要时得到别人帮助的感受；

　　Guangzhou Asian Games．At 7:30, August 4, 2010, Guangzhou Asian Games 100-day Countdown Ceremony was held in Tianhe Sports Gymnasium．With the theme “Dreaming about This Moment”, the ceremony meant to show that Guangzhou was ready for the coming Games．Starting with Dragon Boat and Wushu performances, the ceremony also included 2000 chorus’ singing．The most exciting moment came when three theme song candidates were sung by famous singers．More than 1000 volunteers, workers, doctors and nurses, students and referees participated in this ceremony．