天津市武清区杨村第四中学2016届高考英语一轮复习语法专题六《定语从句》课件外研版

　　(2)当先行词是way(方式，方法)，且在从句中作方式状语时 先行词 the way

　　Do you know the way in which he worked out the problem? I don't like the way that you talk to your mother.

　　区别：The way that he explained to us was quite simple.

　　in which

　　that

　　I’m not clear about the reason for which he did it.

　　why

　　he did it

　　that

　　he did it.

　　先行词 the reason

　　for which

　　why

　　that

　　（3）reason 作先行词时且作原因状语的使用 （4）从句的人称、数与先行词应该保持一致 1.The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw a lots of visitors. 2.The Great Wall is the only one of the world-famous buildings that draws a lots of visitors. 3.Great changes have taken place in china, as is known to all. 4.I, who am your teacher, will try my best to help you. 5.To own a computer in families, which we thought was impossible 20 years ago, now becomes true. (5)先行词time

　　“次数”时用that，可省略；

　　“一段时间，时代”时用when或介词+which This is the second time that the president has visited the country. There was a time whenduring which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.

　　1. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ____ they can see themselves differently. A．that

　　B．when C．which

　　D．Where 2.This is one of the best films__________. A. that have been shown this year

　　B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year

　　D. that you talked

　　3. This is the last time ____ I shall give you a lesson.

　　A. when

　　B that

　　C which

　　D in which

　　4. We'll have a meeting and discuss a number of cases _______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A. which

　　B. as C. why

　　D. where

　　5. I don't like ______ you speak to her. A. the way

　　B. the way in that C. the way which

　　D. the way of which 6. -What do you think of teaching, Bob? -I find it fun and challenging. It is a job____ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where

　　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. that 关系词及其用法小结 关系代词

　　指代

　　在定从中

　　省略否

　　who

　　whom

　　whose

　　which

　　that

　　人 作主语/宾语 人 作宾语 人/物(的) 作定语(+n) 事/物 作主语/宾语 人/物

　　作主语/宾语 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略

　　that

　　关系副词

　　指代

　　在定从中

　　省略否

　　when

　　where

　　why 介词+which 作时间状语 介词+which 介词for+which 作地点状语 作原因状语 不可以省略 考纲解读： 关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as 关系副词why,when,where 的用法 2. 介词+which，介词+whom的介词选择 3. 非限制性定语从句：as和which的用法 4. 定语从句与其他从句的区别 命题趋势： 主要考查非限制性定语从句； 介词+关系代词

　　As we all know, he is Harry Potter.

　　He is a handsome boy. Adj.定语 The one wearing glasses is Harry Potter. 分词作定语 The one who wears glasses is Harry Potter. 定语从句 定语的概念：用来修饰名词、代词、句子等，在句中的作用相当于形容词，定语从句又称为形容词性从句。 定语的位置： 多个形容词做定语的排列顺序 限定描述大长高，形状年龄与新老； 颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。 1. another three English books

　　另外三本英语书 2. some beautiful little red flowers

　　一些美丽的小红花 3. an expensive purple cotton dress

　　一条昂贵的紫色棉裙

　　一、定语从句的构成 概念:　在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. Harry Potter is a boy who has magic power. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系代词 关系副词 which, who, whom, that，whose where, when, why 充当主语、宾语、表语、定语 充当状语 1）先行词为人时，用who作主或宾，whom作宾语； 2）先行词为物或整个句子时，用which 作主或宾； 3）先行词为人、物时用that ，作主语或宾语； 4）whose用作定语，可指人或物； 1.He is the man who/that wants to see you . 2.He is the man whowhom/that I saw yesterday.

　　3.A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 4.The luggage (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 5.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 作宾语可省略 when（指时间，从句中作时间状语） where（指地点，从句中作地点状语） why（指原因，从句中作原因状语） 1980 was the year when he was born.

　　I haven’t seen him since the year when he went abroad Tomorrow I will go to the town where I was born. The factory where I work will close down. . These are the reasons why we do it.

　　I really don’t know the reason why he was late again. 总结关系代词： 先行词为人

　　who，whom， that （主、宾） 先行词为物

　　which ，that（主、宾） 先行词为人或物

　　whose（定） 关系副词有：when，where，why （状）

　　如何选用定语从句的关系词 1.首先分清主句和定语从句 2.确定定语从句的先行词，并放到定语从句判断其语法成分 3.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词

　　若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词 （2011山东）The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other.

　　A. they

　　B. where

　　C. what D. that (2011浙江) A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.

　　A. when

　　B. that

　　C. where

　　D. there 高频考点一

　　关系词的选择 三、定语从句的分类 限制性定语从句起修饰限制作用， 非限制性定语从句只起补充附加说明作用，用逗号隔开，如果去掉，主句意思仍然清楚 由which，who，whom，whose，where，when （除that；why）等引导，一律不许省略 I have a sister who works in a bank. 我有一个在银行工作的姐姐。 I have a sister, who works in a bank. 我有一个姐姐，在银行工作。 Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.

　　My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.　

　　This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.

　　He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.

　　高频考点二

　　非限制性定语从句 （2011浙江） English is a language shared by several diverse

　　cultures, each of _____ uses it somewhat differently.

　　A. which

　　B. what

　　C. them

　　D. those （2011江苏）Between the two parts of the concert is an

　　interval, _____ the audience can buy ice-cream.

　　A. when

　　B. where

　　C. that

　　D. which The meeting was put off, ___ was exactly what we expected.

　　A. that

　　B. where

　　C. which

　　D. what 四、That与which的区别（先行词必须是物） 1.只用that，不用which的情况： 当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时； 当先行词前有the only, the very （正好）, the last, all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等词修饰时； 当先行词为anything, nothing, something, everything, all, little, much, none,the one等指物的不定代词时； 当先行词既有人又有物时 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时 有两个定语从句时，一个宜用which，另一个宜用that 例句： Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? You should hand in all that you have. This is the very bus that I’m waiting for.

　　This train is the last that will go to Suzhou. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

　　2.只用which，不用that的情况： 引导非限制性定语从句时； 引导词前有介词时； 一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，另一个用which引导；

　　e.g. He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time. 补充：(只能用who: 当those指人时并作先行词)；

　　五、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

　　固定两种搭配，且不能省略： 介词+which指物

　　介词+whom指人

　　根据以下方式判断： 1.谓语动词的固定搭配

　　e.g. Who’s the trainer with whom you just shook hands? 2.先行词在从句中的成分

　　e.g. I’ll never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party.

　　3.在非限制性定语从句中，名词代词+of+ whichwhom 表示整体与部分的关系

　　e.g. The workers, some of whom stayed for four years, came from different countries.

　　Have you seen the book, the cover of which is yellow?

　　当先行词是物时，whose＋n.＝the＋n.＋of which或of which＋the＋n. 如：He lives in the room of which the window faces south.

　　4.介词的位置一般位于代词前，有时也在句末 e.g. This is the hero

　　we are proud. This is the pen

　　I wrote the letter.

　　This is the hero

　　we are proud of.

　　This is the pen

　　I wrote the letter with

　　5.有时可替代为“介词+whichwhom+ to do” The poor man has no house in which he can live. The beggar has no money that he can buy food with. that who whom 可省略 that which 可省略 of whom with which 1. Samuel received a training course in drawing for three years，________he got a good opportunity for further development. A．after that　B．after which C．after it

　　D．after this

　　2. Gun control is a subject ______ Americans have argued for a long time. A．of which

　　B．with which C．about which

　　D．into which

　　考点链接 B c 3. The house I grew up ________has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A．in it

　　B．in C．in that

　　D．in which

　　4. He studied at a local grammar school for six years, ________ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which

　　B. after that C. after which

　　D. from this B c 六、关系代词as

　　引导限制性时：as 从句的先行词必须是是the same, such, 或被这两个词所修饰： 固定句式such +（名词）+as… 像…之类的

　　the same +（名词）+as…

　　和…同样的 1. We have found the same materials as are used in their factory. 2. These house are sold at such a low price as people excepted. 3. The result was not such as he expected.代词 区别：He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.

　　He is such a clever boy as everyone likes him.

　　可在从句中作主语，宾语，表语 可以引导限制性或非限制性 引导非限制性时，必须区分as与which的不同： as意为“正如”，位置灵活, 引导的从句可位于句前，句中，句末

　　which意为“这一点”，从句只能位于主句后 As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth. 习惯用语：as we all know= as is known to all

　　as we have excepted; as is mentioned above 2. as 作主语，后常接被动语态，如行为动词: be knownsaid reported announced excepted 等

　　She has been absent again, as is excepted.

　　Tom has made rapid progress, which makes me very happy.

　　1. Mount

　　Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest ________ everyone likes to visit. A．that

　　B．as C．which

　　D．What 2. Whenever I met her，________was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile. A．who

　　B． That C．as

　　D．which 3. A war is so cruel that it always causes great losses，________has happened in Iraq. A．what

　　B．as C．that

　　D．one

　　B B c 4.I don’t like______ as you read. A. the novels

　　B. the such novels C. such novels

　　D. same novels  5.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago. A. as were

　　B. which was C. as was

　　D. which  6.I have bought such a watch ________ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it c B c 七、关系副词的替代 当关系词在从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。 When=表时间的介词（inatonduring等）+which Where=表地点的介词（inatonunder等）+which Why= 表原因的介词（for）+which 1.This is the room where we lived last year. 2.He took out a piece of paper where were written some words. 3.I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 4.These are the reasons why we do it. 5.China is the birth place of kites, from where kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India. (为了表达清楚)

　　1.（05广东，35）Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger.

　　A. in which B. by which

　　C. which

　　D. that 2.Do you know the year __________the Chinese Communist Party was founded? in which B.that

　　C.which

　　D.on which 3. (2005苏州,29) Is there a bookshop around _______ I can buy an English and Chinese dictionary? A. which

　　B. whereC. that

　　D. what 八、高考试题中的几种特殊用法 (1)Where表达地点的模糊化，当先行词是situation, point, case, stage，occasion，spot等表示某人或物的情景、状况形势的词时，常用where或in which引导定语从句。如： Can you imagine a situation where/ in which you can use the word? They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.