【课堂新坐标】2017届高考英语（通用版）二轮复习短文改错专题训练：考法3 行文逻辑错误（含解析）

　　考法3| 行文逻辑错误错误1——主谓不一致1. (2014·全国卷Ⅱ)My dream school look like a big garden.look→looks　[主语My dream school是单数谓语应用第三人称单数。]2．(2014·辽宁高考)The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.have→has　[主语The early morning barking为单数故把have改为has。]3．(2016·日照市二模)More and more Guoxue courses is given in schools of different levels all over China.is→are　[主语More and more Guoxue courses为复数故把is改为are。]4．(2016·哈尔滨市第六中学模拟)Eating snacks are a bad habit and is also a waste of money.are→is　[动名词短语作主语为单数故把are改为is。]5．(2016·长春外国语学校质检)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.know→knows　[定语从句的先行词the most considerate person为单数故who后的谓语动词应为单数。]

        6．(2016·银川一中模拟)Therefore,exposure to phones are bad for people in terms of health.

　　are→is　[主语为too much exposure为单数故把are改为is。不要受phones的影响而认为主语是复数。] 7．(2016·湖北省七市联合考试)There are green grass and colorful flowers everywhere.are→is　[当there be结green grass为单数故把are改为is。]8．(2016·银川一中二模)What you have gained are the result of your hard work.are→is　[主语从句为单数故are改为is。]9．(2016·济南市模拟)Talking to friends or family members first are always a good idea.are→is　[动名词作主语为单数故把are改为is。]10．(2016·沈阳二中模拟)Last month, were→was　[本句的主语是I不受together with后面主语的影响故把were改为was。]感悟与反思主谓不一致错误主要有三种情况：①由于对基本概念忽视而失分：应注意单复数的一致例如当不定式、动名词或从句作主语时应为单数。②由于受其他词的影响而失分：例如第六题too much exposure to phones中易受phones的影响而认为主语是复数。③注意就近原则。错误2——时态不一致1．(2016·全国乙卷)It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.had→have　2．(2016·全国甲卷)I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost much, thought→think　[由is和can可判断句子的主体时态为一般现在时根据时态的一致性应把thought改为think。]3．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)When I was a child, think→thought　[这两句话是回忆童年的事情由was和would也可知时态应为过去时根据时态的一致性把think改为thought。]4．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)We can lie on the grass for a rest, ning to music.

　　sat→sit　[or连接两个并列谓语第一个是can lie第二个应是can sit前面已有can后面的can应省去。]5．(2014·浙I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.

　　去掉had　[此处只是对过去事6．(2016·陕西师大附中模拟)Last night, make→made　[既然是昨晚发生的事情时态是一般过去时根据时态的一致性引导的定语从句也应指过去。]7．(2016·邯郸市第一中学模拟)Yesterday morning I went fishing, catch→caught　[句子的整体用过去时有went和was故把catch改为caught。]8．(2016·西工大附中适应性训练)One day,

　　spends too much time playing computer games.

　　spends→spent　[第一句指的是过去时态用的是过去时根据时态的一致性第二句应用过去时。]9．(2016·海南省“七校联盟”联考)I decided that I would enter for elections again in my final year at school and that I will win the election.will→would　[句子的整体时态为过去时故will与前面的would并列也应用would。]10．(2016·青岛市一模)One of the reasons is that they show great interest in Chinese and English.Besides, thought→think　[句子的整体时态为现在时故把thought改为think。]感悟与反思时态不一致错误主要有三种情况错误3——指代不一致1．(2016·全国甲卷)If we go on a trip abroad, your→our　[由前面的we go on a trip和we can broaden可知应把your改为our。]2．(2016·四川高考)When he came back, her→his　[由前面的When he came back可知这束花是在“他的(his)”手里。]3．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)We must find ways to protect your environment.your→our/the　[本句的主语为we因此把物主代词your改为our此处也可以用the。]4．(2014·四川高考)If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, us→you　[由前面的your teacher可判定后面的us改为you。]5．(2016·绵阳市诊断性考试)When I was in high school, it→one　[我的大部分朋友有自行车我希望也能有一辆。此处应用one表示“一辆自行车”不能用it表特指。]6．(2016·大庆实验中学训练)To make the journey fruitful, rs devoted his time and energy to us.

　　his→their　[由our teachers可判定后面的his改为their。]7．(2016·哈尔滨市第六中学一模)In fact, ather here is quite different from it in your city.

　　it→that　[此处from后的代词应用that代替前面出现过的the weather不能用it因为it8．(2016·哈师大附中模拟)The Palace Museum plans to extend their opening hours to make it more convenient for tourists.their→its　[由The Palace Museum可知应把their改为its。]9．(2014·陕西高考)My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.Neither of the arrows hit the target.Neither→None　[代替第一句的their arrows应用none因为没有说是两支箭故不能用neither。]10. (2016·德州市模拟)It is not only bad for smokers himself, himself→themselves　[由smokers可知应用themselves。]感悟与反思指代不一致错误主要有四种情况：①人称不一致。②单复数不一致。③性别不一致。④替代词和不定代词考查错误特别是it和that的错误4——逻辑不一致1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Nearly five years before, (圣女果)in our back garden.before→ago　[这里讲的是过去发生的事情着眼点是现在故应把before改为ago。]2．(2016·银川一中模拟)Doctors can also help people to live a better life without their professional knowledge.without→with　[句意：医生也可以用他们的专业知识帮助人们更好地生活。without应改为with。]3．(2016·平顶山调研考试)I keep a diary in English every day because my written English is becoming better and better.because→so/and　[句意：我每天用英语写日记因此我的英语写作越来越好。前后为因果关系或并列关系故把Because改为so或And。]4．(2016·沈阳二中模拟)For me, never→ever　[肯定否定错误既然这次旅行进行过就不能用never。]5．(2016·南昌市十所省重点中学模拟)Before I finished it, Before→After　[按常理应该是完Before改为After。]6．(2016·天水一中模拟)I love playing basketball and often play with my friends on weekends.Therefore, Therefore→However　[前后为转折关系故应把Therefore改为However。]7．(2016·山东省实验中学模拟)Overcome it, or→and或will→won't　[句子自我矛盾把or改为and或者把will改为won't。]8．(2016·哈尔滨市第六中学模拟)Anxiety and pressure did discourage me at times.Besides, t of my teachers and classmates, I think I'll make it.

　　Besides→However　[前后为转折关系故应把Besides改为However。]9．(2016·遵义市模拟)How is everything going recently? I'm writing to tell you something more about my birthday.去掉more　[more意为“另外的10．(2016·石嘴山市模拟)But, ever→never　[根据后面的nor可知前面应为否定故ever改为never。] 感悟与反思逻辑不一致错误主要有两种情况：①肯定否定错用。②连接词错用：应根据先后顺序或逻辑关系选择适当的连词或副词。

　　A

　　(2016·石家庄市调研检测) used to communicate with each other through letters and public phones.So nowadays they use mobile phones and the Internet instead of.This change in communication have good effects on our works and life.Comparing with letters and public phones, mobile phones and the Internet are fast and much more convenient.If you missed your grandmother, you just take out your phone and say 揾ello?to him.And she will be happy to hear your voice.If you want to place order with a foreign company, you can emm－mail the message.It'll be minutes after you get their reply.

　　【答案与解析】 nowadays they use mobile phones and the Internet instead .This change in communication

　　good effects on our

　　and life. with letters and public phones, mobile phones and the Internet are

　　and much more convenient.If you

　　your grandmother, you just take out your phone and say “hello” to .And she will be happy to hear your voice.If you want to place

　　order with a foreign company, you can e－mail the message.It'll be minutes

　　you get their reply.改为But　考查连词。根据语境可知上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系故用连词But。删除of　考查介词。instead of意为“代替”后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语但是此处of后无宾语故删除of。instead是改为has　考查动词时态和主谓一致。由语境可知应用一般现在时；由句子主语This change可知谓语应用单数形式即has。改为work　考查名词。此处名词work表示“工作”而不是作品是不可数名词没有复数形式。改为Compared　考查非谓语动词。compare和句子谓语are之间没有连词故用非谓语动词且和句子主语mobile phones and the Internet构成逻辑上的动宾关系故用过去分词形式。st改为faster　考查形容词比较级。由and后的“much more convenient”可知此处表示对比的概念故用形容词比较级faster作表语。改为miss　考查动词时态。由“you just take out your phone and say”可知从句谓语应用一般现在时即miss。改为her　考查代词。与上文的“grandmother”呼应可知此处应用her。后加an　考查冠词。order是可数名词意为“订单”在语境中第一次出现故用不定冠词修饰。order的读音以元音音素开头故用an。改为before　考查连词。此处为固定句型“it＋be＋时间段＋before...”意为“多久以后……”故用连词before引导时间状语从句。B

　　(2016·河南省八市重点高中质检)s us last term, she has been encouraging him to overcome fear and speak out in class.Thanks to her, I have made great progresses.Besides, I practiced several times in the front of her.It was her advice which made me a better speaker and full of confidence.And I owe my success to her.

　　Susan set me a good example.I am determined to become an English teacher when I grow up.

　　【答案与解析】 whose help I couldn't have won first prize in the English Talent Competition for high school

　　last week.

　　I used to be

　　in spoken English.I was too shy to speak in class.Since she

　　us last term, she has been encouraging

　　to overcome fear and speak out in class.Thanks to her，I have made great .Besides, I practiced several times in

　　front of her.It was her advice

　　made me a better speaker and full of confidence. I owe my success to her.

　　Susan

　　set me a good example.I am determined to become an English teacher when I grow

　　up.

　　①at改为without　考查介词。根据语境可知此处表示“要是没有她的帮助”故将at改为without。改为students　考查名词复数。根据语境可知英语才艺大赛是面向所有高中生的故将student改为students。改为poor　考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语。改为taught　考查动词时态。在含since引导的状语从句的复合句中主句teaches改为taught。改为me　考查代词。整篇短文都在讲述“我”的情况和“他”没关系故将him改为me。改为progress　考查名词的数。progress为不可数名词不能用复数形式故将progresses改为progress。删除in后的the　考查冠词。in the front of表示“在……前面”通常指在某物内部的前面。本题是指the。改为that　考查强调句。分析该句可知本句是一个强调句强调her advice故将which改为that。改为So　考查连词。前后句是“因果”关系故将And改为So。后加has　考查动词时态。老师为“我”树立好榜样是过去的事情并且对“我”产生了影响所以用现在完成时。C

　　(2016·合肥市质检)o get the second place.It was the first time that I had played on the stage in front of such many people.I felt very upset at first, but the encourage from my teacher keeps me going ahead.Surprising, I was given the silver medal，that increased my confidence.If we try our best to get ahead, we will be able to achieve what we desire and deserve it.

　　【答案与解析】， we are always busy attending

　　lessons, taking exams and participating in competitions.This summer I joined

　　a music competition

　　was lucky to get the second place.It was the first time that I had played on the stage in front of

　　many people.I felt very upset at first, but the

　　from my teacher

　　me going ahead.， I was given the silver medal,

　　increased my confidence.If we try our best to get ahead, we will be able to achieve what we desire and deserve ．改为time　考查名词。根据语境time表示(用于工作、休息等的)一段时间为不可数名词故改为time。改为various　考查形容词。根据语境可知此处表示上各种各样的课应用形容词作定语修饰名词故改为various。后面加in　考查固定搭配。join in意为“参加(活动)”符合语境故加上in。改为and　考查连词。根据语境可知此处表示并列关系故改为and。改为so　名词people前面有形容词many修饰应用so故改为so。改为encouragement　考查名词。此处是名词作主语表示“来自老师的鼓励”。故改为encouragement。改为kept　考查动词时态。这是介绍假期中的一件事情并且由上文的felt可知应用一般过去时故改为kept。改为Surprisingly　考查副词。此处Surprisingly。改为which　考查关系代词。本句为非限制性定语从句并且关系词指代前面整句话故改为which。删除it　考查宾语从句。what在宾语从句中充当宾语多余故删除。D

　　(2016·福建省五校高中毕业班统一考试)kind of pollution and the destruction of the environment could be see everywhere in our daily life.

　　With the development of industry and agriculture, cars make much noise and gave off poisonous gases.Because of population expansion and overdevelopment, resources have become less and less.Trees have been cut down, but waste water is being poured continuously into rivers and lakes.The whole ecological balance of earth is changing.Massive destruction of the environment have brought about negative effects in the ecosystem around the world and even become a great threat to man's existence.

　　We must face in the situation that exists and take immediate action to solving our environmental problems together.We hope all these measures will be effective and bring back a healthy environment so that we could live happy in a beautiful and harmonious world.

　　【答案与解析】 of pollution and the destruction of the environment could be

　　everywhere in our daily life.

　　With the development of industry and agriculture, cars make much noise and

　　off poisonous gases.Because of population expansion and overdevelopment, resources have become fewer and fewer.Trees have been cut down,

　　waste water is being poured continuously into rivers and lakes.The whole ecological balance of

　　earth is changing.Massive destruction of the environment

　　brought about negative effects

　　the ecosystem around the world and even become a great threat to man's existence.

　　We must face

　　the situation that exists and take immediate action to

　　our environmental problems together.We hope all these measures will be effective and bring back a healthy environment so that we could live

　　in a beautiful and harmonious world.

　　①kind改为kinds　考查名词的数。根据“All”可知应使用复数形式。改为seen　考查语态。主语与see之间是动宾关系应用被动语态故将see改为seen。改为give　考查动词的时态。根据and前的“make”可知该句应使用一般现在时。改为and　考查and。前加the　考查冠词。earth为世界上独一无二的事物故在earth前面加上定冠词the。改为has　考查时态和主谓一致。由全文时态可知此处应用现在完成时该句主语为“Massive destruction of the environment”为不可数名词故谓语动词应当用单数have改为has。改为on　考查介词。effect on为固定搭配意为对……有影响”。删除in　考查动词的用法。句中的“face”为及物动词意为“面对”后直接跟名词作宾语。

　　改为solve　考查动词不定式。我们必须立即采取行动以解决环境问题。take action to do sth.为固定搭配。改为happily　考查副词。根据动词live可知应用副词修饰动词故用副词形式happily。E

　　(2016·广州市模拟)etition，I did my best to be full prepared.But the moment I stood on the stage, I was such nervous that my mind completely went blank.The experience of lose a competition was really painful.Then, my dad said, “My son, life is like

　　battlefield.You have to lose many time to win the final victory.” Thanks for his advice, I never give up when I do anything.

　　【答案与解析】 me some advice, but I seldom took

　　seriously.One day he

　　encouraged me to participate in a speech competition.So I signed up and

　　the competition, I did my best to be

　　prepared.

　　But the moment I stood on the stage, I was

　　nervous that my mind completely went blank.The experience of

　　a competition was really painful.Then, my dad said, “My son, life is like

　　battlefield.You have to lose many

　　to win the final victory.” Thanks

　　his advice, I never give up when I do anything.

　　①gives改为gave　考查动词时态。由took可知此处表示过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。改为it　考查代词。advice是不可数名词故用it代指。删除was　考查动词语态。根据语境可知与encourage为主谓关系不能用被动语态故删除was。改为before　考查介词。根据prepared可知此处表示在赛前做充分的准备故用介词before。改为fully　考查副词。副词修饰形容词在句中作状语故用副词fully修饰形容词prepared。改为so　so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”是副词修饰形容词nervous符合语境。such修饰名词。改为losing　考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语故用动名词losing作介词of的宾语。后加a　考查冠词。battlefield是可数名词且第一次在文中出现故用不定冠词修饰。改为times　考查名词。time在此处表示次数是可数名词由many可知应用其复数形式。改为to　考查固定搭配。thanks to意为“幸亏由于”符合语境故用介词to。 F

　　(2016·济南市模拟)ing to Beijing this summer vacation.You asked many question in your letter, and now let me answer them.

　　To start with, Beijing, the capital of China, is very attractive city with a long history.You can

　　found all kinds of delicious food in Beijing, of that the most famous is the Beijing roast duck.I hope we will enjoy it.Besides, there is a great number of tourist attractions worth visiting, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace or the Forbidden City.These scenic spots have attracted millions of tourists in this year.I promise you will have a wonderfully time here in Beijing.

　　I'm looking forward to hear from you as soon as possible.

　　Yours，

　　Lin Chao

　　【答u asked many

　　in your letter, and now let me answer them.

　　To start with, Beijing, the capital of China, is very attractive city with a long history.You can

　　all kinds of delicious food in Beijing, of

　　the most famous is the Beijing roast duck.I hope

　　will enjoy it.Besides, there

　　a great number of tourist attractions worth visiting, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace

　　the Forbidden City.These scenic spots have attracted millions of tourists

　　this year.I promise you will have a

　　time here in Beijing.

　　I'm looking forward to

　　from you as soon as possible.

　　Yours，

　　Lin Chao

　　①question改为questions　考查名词。question是可数名词其前有many修饰故用复数形式。后加a　考查冠词。city是可数名词此处表示泛指改为find　考查动词。情态动词后跟动词原形故用find。改为which　考查定语从句。which引导定语从句在从句中作介词of的宾语。改为you　考查代词。根据语境可知此处应用you代指Steven。改为are　考查时态和主谓一致。there be句型中谓语的形式与后面的名词保持一致即与attractions 一致根据上下文时态可are。改为and　考查连词。根据语境可知此处表示并列而非选择的概念故用连词and。删除in　考查介词。时间状语被this/that修饰时经常不用介词。改为wonderful　考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词。改为hearing　考查动名词。look forward to doing sth.意为“期望做某事”介词后跟动名词作宾语。