学习方法：中考主谓一致原则考点举要与应考对策

考点举要

1. Miss Chen____________ English on the radio the day before yesterday.

A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. had taught （2003北京）

2. That place is not interesting at all.

____________of us wants to go there.

A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some （2003河南）

3. Maths____________my favourite subject.

A. be B. is C. am D. are （2003青海）

4. Everyone except Tom and John____________there when the meeting began.

A. are B. is C. were D. was（2003宁夏）

5. The boy with the two dogs____________ when the earthquake rocked the city.

A. were sleeping B. is sleeping

C. was sleeping D. are asleep （2003新疆）

6. Sorry, we already have four people in the car. There____________for the box.

A. is a little room B. are no rooms

C. is no room D. are few rooms （2003内蒙古）

应考对策

“主谓一致是近几年中考设题的热点之一，它在初中英语教材中未被列入专项语法内容。因此，同学们对此常不知所措，为了帮助老师们更好地为学生搞好复习，现归纳如下：

l、表示时间、距离、重量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语表示整体概念时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：

Two months is quite a long time. 两个月是相当长的一段时间。

2、以-s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如news，maths，physics等。如：

No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。

Maths is very popular in our class. 在我们班数学很受欢迎。

3、family，class，team，group等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；若指具体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。试比较：

My family is a very big one，with ten people in it. 我家是一个大家庭，有十口人。

My family all like watching TV．我们全家人都喜欢看电视。

4、people, police等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：

People here are very friendly. 这儿的人们很友好。

The police are having a meeting． 警察们正在开会。

(Key:1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.C)

5、单数名词后跟with，together with等引导的短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：

My father， together with his friends, is going to visit the Great Wall． 我父亲将和他的朋友们一起去参观长城。

6、由either，either．．．or．．．，neither．．．nor．．．，not only．．．but also．．．等词连接并列主语时，谓语动词常和最接近的主语一致。如：

Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before. 你和李华以前都没去过上海。

Is he or you wrong? 他错了还是你错了?


7、非谓语动词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：

Is watching too much TV good or bad for your health? 看太多的电视对你的身体有益还是有害?

What you said is wrong. 你所说的是错的。

8、以there，here开头的句子，若主语不只一个，其谓语动词通常和邻近的那个主语一致。如：

There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一枝钢笔和一些书。

Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。

9、当kind of, pair of, glass of等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语动词应与kind，pair，glass等形式一致。如：

This pair of shoes is dirty．这双鞋脏了。

There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌子上有两杯水。

10、由 “a lot of (lots of) ／ plenty of ／ a number of +名词或“分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据名词的单复数而定。如：

A lot of people have been to London.许多人去过伦敦。

Three-fifths of the water is dirty. 五分之三的水是脏的。

注：“the number of十复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：

The number of the students in our school is over two thousand. 我们学校的学生数超过两千。

11、代词something，anything，nothing，everyone，anybody，nobody，each，neither，either，little，much，one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：

Neither of us is a boy． 我们俩都不是男孩。

Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们当中每人都有一本词典。

One of the students was late for school. 其中一个学生上学迟到了。

12、all，some，none，most，any等代词作主语时，若指复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式；若指单数概念，则谓语动词用单数形式。如：

Not all work is difficult. 不是所有的工作都难。

Not all the students are here. 不是所有的学生都在这儿。

13、当and连接的两个主语被each，every或no修饰时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：

Every teacher and every student needs dictionaries. 每个老师和每个学生都需要词典。

14、当主语是同位语时，谓语动词要根据同位语的单复数来确定，区分主语和同位语的方法是，用逗号连接的就是同位语，用连词and连接的就是主语。如：

Susan, Mr Mott's wife, is a scientist. 苏姗，也就是默特先生的妻子是一位科学家。

15、有些形容词前面加上定冠词the, 如the poor, the old, the young, the rich, the dying等用来表示一类人时，主语用复数，谓语动词也用复数。如：

The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. 穷人过得很快乐，有钱人却过得不快乐。