新概念英语教材详解：第一册 Lesson21-22

课文详注 Further notes on the text

1.Give me a book please, Jane.请拿本书给我，简。

这是一个祈使句。祈使句表示请求或命令。(请参见Lessons 13～14语法部分的说明。)表示客气的请求时，通常加please。

2.Which book? 哪一本?

是Which book do you want?的省略形式。下文中的This one? 是Do you want this one?的省略形式。No, not that one是No, I do not want that one的省略形式。口语中常用这样的省略句。

3.This one?是这本吗?

相当于：Do you want this one? one是不定代词，代替 a book，以避免重复。one的复数形式是ones。one和ones前面都可用定冠词，也可有自己的定语。如：

4.数字1，010，1，011，1，016的英文写法

1，010----a thousand and ten

1，011----a thousand and eleven

1，016----a thousand and sixteen

语法 Grammar in use

1.人称代词

代词，顾名思义，就是用来代替名词或名词短语的词，在已经知道所指的是谁或什么的情况下使用，以免行文重复。人称代词有主格和宾格之分。在陈述句中，主格代词差不多总是位于动词之前。宾格代词可代替处于宾语位置上的名词，它们可以作直接宾语和间接宾语。

Give me/him/her/us/them a book.

给我/他/她/我们/他(她)们一本书。(宾格代词)

2.which引导的特殊疑问句

(请参见Lessons 5～6中语法部分的说明。)

用which +名词可询问物体(单数或复数)或物质。which总是说明一种限定的、特指的选择。如：

Which book/books do you prefer?

你喜欢哪本/哪些书?

Which car do you like best?

你最喜欢哪种汽车?

词汇学习 Word study

1.large与big

(1)large仅指物理量值的大，是small的反义词。

large主要指体积、面积、形状、数量方面的大，修饰人时指个子大。如：

China is a large country.

中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家。

Look at that large woman in white.

瞧那个身穿白色衣服、个子高大的女人。

(2)big所表示的大，主要指不仅体积大而且很重。所以a large box未必big。big在修饰人时，主要指大人物，但个子未必高大。如：

It is a big house.

这是一所大房子。(此句指不仅体积大，而且给人深刻的或结实的印象。)

She's very big in the filmdom.

她在电影界中是个响当当的人物。(此句指不仅成功，且具有很大的影响力。)

2.small与little

(1)small指物理量值的小或少，是large的反义词，不带什么感情色彩。如：

It is a small factory.

这是一个小新概念。

I want the small one with the yellow handle.

我想要带新概念把手的那个小的。

(2)little也表示小或少，但有小而可爱的感情色彩，是big的反义词。如：

There is a little garden behind our house.

我们的屋后有个小花园。(此句表示花园虽小，但很可爱。)

She has the sweetest little smiles.

她的微笑十分甜蜜可爱。

练习答案 Key to written exercises

Lesson 22

A

1 Is this Nicola's coat? No, it's not. Her coat is grey.

2 Are these your pens? No, they're not. My pens are blue.

3 Is this Mr. Jackson's hat? No, it's not. His hat is black.

4 Are these the children's books? No, they're not. Their books are red.

5 Is this Helen's dog? No, it's not. Her dog is brown and white.

6 Is this your father's tie? No, it's not. His tie is orange.

B

1 Give me a cup please.

Which one? This dirty one?

No, not this dirty one. That clean one.

Here you are.

Thank you.

2 Give me a glass please.

Which one? This empty one?

No, not this empty one. That full one.

Here you are.

Thank you.

3 Give me a bottle please.

Which one? This large one?

No, not this large one. That small one.

Here you are.

Thank you.

4 Give me a box please.

Which one? This big one?

No, not this big one. That little one.

Here you are.

Thank you.

5 Give me a tin please.

Which one? This new one?

No, not this new one. That old one.

Here you are.

Thank you.

6 Give me a knife please.

Which one? This sharp one?

No, not this sharp one. That blunt one.

Here you are.

Thank you.

7 Give me a spoon please.

Which one? This new one?

No, not this new one. That old one.

Here you are.

Thank you.

8 Give me a fork please.

Which one? This large one?

No, not this large one. That small one.

Here you are.

Thank you.