职称英语试题库2011卫生类A级：概括大意与完成句子

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　　第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Owls and Larks(猫头鹰与云雀)

　　1 In this article, we look at the importance of sleep for learning. Most healthy adults need eight or more hours of sleep. But why do we need sleep in the first place? We need sleep for the brain to get a chance to rebuild memories stored during the day and associate these with previously learned things. If this process is interrupted by, say, the sound of an alarm clock, it may not be as effective. So if your sleep is cut short by the alarm clock, how damaging is it? The truth is that its difficult to predict, as so much depends on how much sleep your body actually needs on that particular occasion.

　　2 The popular belief that people are naturally either larks (early risers) or owls is false. The reason why people tend to be one or the other has more to do with lifestyle, age, and personality. Many people who appear to be early birds may have just become so through habit, for example, parents with very young children. Teenagers can have difficulty falling asleep until late at night and then they naturally have problems getting up the following morning.

　　3 The main reason why owls are owls is that they tend to spend their time over a book, movie, or computer game till the early hours of the morning. They enjoy the quiet of the night when they can pursue their passion. On the other hand, larks can make better use of early morning hours where they can study in quiet at the time when their brains are most refreshed. So which is better for learning-an owls or a larks lifestyle? The simple truth is that it is more complex than simply being one or the other. Leading a well-balanced life in terms of work and play and sleeping enough to bring maximum refreshment is probably the secret.

　　4 As for naps, experts on insomnia(失眠)argue against taking naps, as these may keep people up at night. If your nap lasts only five minutes to half an hour and does not affect your ability to fall asleep in the night, it will probably help you be more alert in evening hours. However, if you are having problems getting to sleep at night, its not only naps that you should avoid. Try not to drink a lot of alcohol, take nicotine(尼古丁), do mentally intense activities like preparing for exams or doing exercise in the evening. Some people swear that drinking coffee never stops them from sleeping like a log, whereas others will never go near the stuff for fear of being awake all night. However, the best advice for most is to avoid it in the evening, and if you drink coffee before a nap, remember you are likely to awaken as soon as the caffeine starts kicking in.

　　23 Paragraph 1 _________

　　24 Paragraph 2 _________

　　25 Paragraph 3 _________

　　26 Paragraph 4 _________

　　A What should we avoid?

　　B How much sleep do we need?

　　C Which is better, being an owl or a lark?

　　D Why do we need sleep?

　　E What makes people owls or larks?

　　F What helps us fall asleep?

　　27 Sleep helps brain to _________.

　　28 Parents with very young children tend to _________

　　29 A good lifestyle means one can _________.

　　30 It is good advice for most people to _________.

　　A sleep enough to bring most refreshment

　　B keep away from coffee in the evening

　　C stay up till the early hours of the morning

　　D get up quite early

　　E store memories in the brain

　　F rebuild memories stored during the day