2015职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案解析：阅读理解

　　2015年全国职称英语考试于3月28日(9：00-11：00)举行。针对考后考生最关注的2015职称英语考试真题及答案解析问题，英语网在考后第一时间为您整理发布2015职称英语考试真题及答案解析：卫生类。预祝各位考生顺利通过2015职称英语考试!

　　2015年职称英语考试卫生A阅读理解分别来自于卫生教材阅读理解第50篇 15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder和完形填空第14篇 Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores。各位考友可以参考教材原文，比对答案。

　　以下为卫生教材原文：

　　第五十篇　 15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder　(教材上阅读理解)

　　Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds.

　　The disorder leaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports.

　　Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations, Jerilyn Ross, the associations president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday.

　　The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves, Ross said.

　　Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships, she said.

　　People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Ross noted. But they feel powerless to do anything about it, she said.

　　Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference.

　　This is a disorder that starts affecting people early on1, Pollack said. The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to2 earlier childhood.

　　The disorder also has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up3, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering, Ross said.

　　Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didnt want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.

　　However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact，59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.

　　第十四篇 　Young Adults WhoExercise Get Higher IQ Scores　(教材上完形填空)

　　Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

　　The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyzed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.

　　The study shows a clear link between good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for logical thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a role in the results for the IQ test, and not strength. Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung capacity and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen, says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. This may be one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular strength. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.

　　By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been able to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a higher IQ.

　　We have also shown that those youngsters who improve their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance, says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. This being the case, physical education is a subject that has an important place in schools, and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.

　　The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in life. Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.