2014年职称英语考试《理工类C级》考试真题及答案

　　第1部分 词汇选项

　　1.Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.

　　A fine B winter C outdoor D extra

　　2.Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.

　　A excitement B anger C calm D disappointment

　　3.The AIDS convention will be held in Glasgow.

　　A conference B party C celebration D union

　　4.The new service helped boost pre-tax profits by 10%.

　　A return B realize C increase D double

　　5.Some comments are just inviting trouble.

　　A asking for B keeping out of C getting into D suffering from

　　6.His knowledge of French is fair.

　　A very useful B very limited C quite good D rather special

　　7.The book raised a storm of controversy.

　　A damage B voice C doubt D argument

　　8.My principal concern is to get the job done fast.

　　A serious B main C deep D particular

　　9.Lack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.

　　A receives B deserves C accepts D prevents

　　10.He made a number of rude remarks about the food.

　　A comments B signs C manners D noises

　　11.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present systm.

　　A prove B discover C consider D imagine

　　12.His heart gave a sudden leap when he saw her.

　　A hope B jump C silence D life

　　13.The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.

　　A parts B aspects C pains D results

　　14.Im sure Ill be able to amuse myself for a few hours.

　　A entertain B treat C hold D keep

　　15.Several windows had been smashed.

　　A cleaned B broken C replaced D fixed

　　答案：DDACA CDBDA BBCAB

　　第二部分 阅读判断 So Many Earths

　　The Milky Way(银河) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life.Thats the finding of new study.It draws on data that came from NASAs top planet-hunting telescope.

　　A mechanical failure recently put that Kepter space telescope out of service.Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its date have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy.The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.

　　The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earths but no more than twice that big.The planet also would have to orbit in a stors habitable zone. Thats where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as liquid.

　　The new estimate of how many plantes might fit these conditions comes from studying more that 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them.The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate(推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.

　　The estimate is rough，the authors admit. If applied to the solar system，it would define as habitable a zone starting as close ot the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike(although either might have been in the distant pase). Using tighter limits the researchers estimate the between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world.These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.

　　Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesnt sound like a big number. It would mean however that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life.

　　16. The Kepler space telescpe has been in service for 15 years

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　17.The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earths.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　18.The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　19.The Earth is a planet orbiting in the Suns habitable zone.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　20.The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars on the Milky Way.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　21.The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　22.This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.

　　A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

　　答案：CABABAC

　　第3部分概括大意与完成句子

　　Pathways to Research：Problem-solving

　　1 Pittsburghs many hills arent kind to bikers. Anyone hoping to pedal to work there has to contend with steep streets like Canton Avenue，which famously climabs at a nearly 40-degree angle.As a result，some residents avoid biking altogether.

　　2 But University of Pittsburgh graduate Micah Toll，23，and a few friends recently launched an invention that they hope will increase the citys pedal power. An electric bike called to Pulse PEVO. A super-strong battery powers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hours without pedaling，it zips battery powers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hour without pedating ，it zips up the citys most daunting(令人却步的)hills.Toll hopes it will persuade people in Pittsburgh and elsewhere to get out of their cars and onto bikes.

　　3 If it sounds like Toll has a knack(窍门) for fixing problems，thats because he does. In high school，he designed a new type of construction beam. It weights no more than a feather pillow but can be used to build sturdy(坚固的)homes for refugees fleeing war or natural disaster.For his work，Toll was invited to attend the Inter International Science and Engineering Fair(Isef)twice，in 2006 and 2007. The annual competition for young researchers is program of Society for Sciencethe Public(thats the parent organization of Science News for Kids).Toll says that when it comes to science，he keeps it simple：You see a problem and say，How could I solve that?

　　4 Hes not the only to take that approach. Many young researchers get their start by trying to solve a problem or fulfill a need in their own communities.When students dedicate themselves to finding a solution that many benefit their community，a passion is ignited(点燃)，says Wendy Hawkins，executive director of the Inter Foundation，which sponsors Intel ISEF.Finding that passion and fostering it can be the key to many students future success.she says.

　　23. Paragraph 1

　　24. Paragraph 2

　　25. Paragraph 3

　　26. Paragraph 4

　　A Intel International Science and Engineering Fair

　　B The enthusiasm for solving problems

　　C The young researchers passion

　　D An invention increasing pedal power

　　E Why people avoid biking in Pittsburgh

　　F The cause of national disaster

　　27 A Pulse PEVO is powered with

　　28 Toll hopes his Pulse PEVO will encourage people to

　　29 A new construction beam invented by Toll weighs like

　　30 Many young researchers are finding solutions to problems that may

　　A a nearly 40-degreeangle

　　B get on bikes

　　C a feather pillow

　　D fix more problems

　　E a super-strong battery

　　F benefit their community

　　答案：EDBC EBCF

　　第4部分，阅读理解

　　Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

　　It bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.

　　Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .

　　Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.

　　Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .

　　Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldnt be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesnt think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .

　　Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has Identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, Interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .

　　31. What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A. How to understand intelligence.

　　B. The importance of intelligence.

　　C. The development of intelligence tests.

　　D. How to become intelligent.

　　32. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?

　　A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.

　　B. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.

　　C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.

　　D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.

　　33. Gardner believes that ________.

　　A. children have different intelligences.

　　B. all children are alike.

　　C. children should take one intelligence test.

　　D. there is no general intelligence.

　　34. According to Gardner, schools should ________.

　　A. test students IQs.

　　B. train students who do poorly on tests.

　　C. focus on finding the most intelligent students.

　　D. promote development of all intelligences.

　　35. Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________ .

　　A. musical foundation.

　　B. biological foundation.

　　C. intrapersonal foundation.

　　D. linguistic foundation.

　　答案：ABADB

　　Music is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expression是ever invented. In movies and plays，music has an added function：it not only moves people but also can shock people.

　　Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80 decibels(分贝).Once sound exceeds this limit，even beautiful music will become ear-splitting noise and harm health.A strong blast(响声) of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet.High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat.

　　In movies，sometimes the hero can produce a sound that ordinary people cant hear and only those who have the same ability can feel.In nature，there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing. In physics，the sound that exceeds 20000Hz is called ultrasonic(超音波的).Dolphins，whales and bats can make such high-frequency sound.It does no harm to health.

　　Sound less than 20Hz is called infrasonic(次声)waves. When we move，the air will vibrate. The vibration of air can produce infrasonic wave.As the frequency of infrasonic waves is close to that of peoples internal organs，infrasonic wave may cause resonance(共振) in human bodies. As a result，peoples vision may weaken and internal organs may rupture(断裂). However，whether an infrasonic wave can be used as a weapon depends on its intensity. If its intensity is very low，it wont damage internal organs or a persons health. If the intensity of inf让sonic wave exceeds 160 decibels，it is extremely harmful. When wind blows at a force of 3 or 4 over the sea，it will produce infrasonic waves of several decibels. Only typhoons can produce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels. At present，scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the lab with the help of advanced scientific tools and powerful electric power.

　　36 What could be the best title of the passage?

　　A The power of music

　　B The harms of noises

　　C The magic of sound

　　D The discovery of infrasonic waves

　　37 What does the author say about music?

　　A It may be harmful to peoples halth

　　B It always cheers people up

　　C It is very often difficult to understand

　　D It sounds better when it is lound enough

　　38 It is true that the sound

　　A of nature is the most beautiful

　　B over 80 decibels is harmful to people

　　C of high intensity benefits animals

　　D in movies is pleasing to the ear

　　39 An ultrasonic sound

　　A is very loud

　　B does harm to peoples health

　　C cannot be heard by people

　　D is produced by the hero in movies

　　40 It can be found from the last paragraph that infrasonic waves

　　A are harmless to peoples health

　　B exist in peoples internal organs

　　C can be used as deadly weapons

　　D can improve eyesight

　　答案：CABCC

　　Compact Disks

　　If someone says to you your music CDs dont really hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, you may not believe it. In fact, he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers a digital code.1 The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps on a long spiral track almost five kilometers long. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns wide.

　　A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player2 turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.

　　Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune into specific signals using these codes.

　　There are many types of compact disks. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on(rewritten on)as you would do with a floppy disk3. Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code. CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc Read Only Memory4. This disk is like a super floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.

　　CDs were first sold to the public in 1982　These CDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expected to last between 70 to 200 years. Of course, you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.

　　Science keeps on developing. It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented5 and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs6 and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.

　　41 Music is recorded onto CDs as

　　A laser beams

　　B digital codes

　　C musical notes

　　D special sounds

　　42 E-mail is mentioned in the third paragraph to show

　　A the variety of digital communications

　　B the development of new technologies

　　C the usefulness of digital codes

　　D the relationship between communication and technology

　　43 One of the differences between CD-RWs and CD-ROMs is

　　A CD-ROMs can be used for longer time

　　B CD-ROMs cannot be rewritten on

　　C CD-RWs hold more information

　　D CD-RWs are merely used for music recording

　　44 CDs can last a long time if

　　A they are seldom used

　　B they play well and sound fine

　　C their users take good care of them

　　D they are developed with new technology

　　45 It can be inferred from the passage that

　　A CD-ROMs are more expensive than other CDs

　　B new technology for music recording is being developed

　　C the author likes listening to music

　　D flppy disks are no longer in use

　　答案：BCBCC

　　第5部分，补全短文

　　Do You Have a Sense of Humor?

　　Humor and laughter are good for us. There is increasing evidence that they can heal us physically，mentally，emotionally，and spiritually. In fact，every system of the body responds to laughter in some positive，healing way. So how can we get more laughter into our lives?(46)Psychologist and author，Steve Wlison，has some answers.

　　Many peoplebelieve that we are born with a sense of humor.They think，either youve got it，or you dontDr.Wilson points out that this false.(47)

　　The parts of brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth(48)(After all ，when a baby laughs，we dont rush over and say，That kid has a great sense of humor!)A sense of humor is something that you can develop over a lifetime.

　　Sometimes people think that they dont have a good sense of humor because they are not good joke tellers.Dr.Wilson reminds us that telling jokes is only one of many ways to express humor.(49)Then we will make others laugh，too.

　　A person who has a true sense of humor is willing and able to see the funny side of everyday life.One of the best definition of a sense of humor isthe ability to see the nonserious element in a situation.Consider this sign from a sore window.Any faulty merchandise will be cheerfully replanced with merchandise of equal quality.The store manager probably placed the sign in the window to impress customers with the stores excellent service.(50)As Dr.Wilson says，a good sense of humor means that you dont have to be funny;you just have to see whats funny.

　　A He advises us to lose our inhibitions(抑制)and try to laugh at ourselves.

　　B Is it possible to develop a sense of humor?

　　C However，that does not mean that infants have a sense of humor.

　　D What is true，however，it that we are born with the capacity to laugh and smile

　　E Everyone experiences this emotion

　　F He had a serious purpose，but if you have a sense of humor，you will probably find the sign funny!

　　答案：BDCAF

　　第6部分：完形填空(第51~65题，每题1分，共15分)

　　Citizen Scientists

　　Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring all around the world. But ecologists cant be everywhere so theyre turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.

　　Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.

　　A　group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology4Network. Phenology is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

　　One of the groups first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project Bud Burst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project which is open to everyone record their observations on the Project Bud Burst website.

　　People dont have to be plant experts they just have to look around and see whats in their neighborhood, says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. As we collect this data, well be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.

　　51 A everywhere B anywhere C somewhere D nowher

　　52 A If B Although C When D Because

　　53 A giving B showing C developing D observing

　　54 A special B professional C skillful D ordinary

　　55 A on B at C to D with

　　56 A small B limited C smple D large

　　57 A Very B Much C As D Many

　　58 A All B Any C Some D Most

　　59 A send B print C answer D keep

　　60 A known B featured C belonged D called

　　61 A alike B like C unlike D likely

　　62 A points B wonders C data D interests

　　63 A common B suitable C open D strange

　　64 A want B forget C mind D have

　　65 A who B how C before D since

　　ADDDC BDAAD ACCDB