考研英语的语法速成：形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

　　1. 考比较级时，考生应把握：

　　1)形容词和副词比较级的形式是否和比较连词对应出现，即是否符合原级比较及比较级的结构。如：

　　Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often , or better than an actual performance.

　　[A]as good as [B]as good [C]good [D]good as

　　在这里as good as 比较连词与better than比较连词同时出现时候，不能省略任何一个介词。答案为A

　　On the whole, ambitious students are more likely to succeed in their studies than are those with little ambition.

　　2)比较的成分是否属于同类事物或同类概念，既是说比较要具有可比性。如：

　　The number of registered participants in this years marathon was half .

　　[A] of last years [B]those of last years

　　[C]of those of last year [D] that of last years

　　(前后相比的应该是今年和去年注册参加的人数the number of故代替它的应该是单数指示代词that，而不能选择B，those是指代participants，不是同类对比，答案为D。

　　Young readers, more often than not, find the novels of dickens far more exciting than Thackerays.

　　3)比较级与倍数词关系及其位置

　　原级结构中可插入表达倍数的词，表示为为.若干倍,当与有表示倍数比较的词在一起时候等，他们的位置是，倍数词+asas,或倍数词+morethan，但again一般放在原级词之后，即 as+原级+again+as.如：

　　Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people each year than automobile accidents.

　　[A] seven more times [B] seven times more

　　[C] over seven times [D] seven times

　　Do you regret paying five hundred dollars for the painting?No, I would gladly have paid for it.

　　[A] twice so much [B] twice as much

　　[C] as much twice [D] so much twice

　　My uncle is as old again as I am

　　4)下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念：

　　inferior, minor, senior, prior, prefer to, superior, major, junior, preferable, differ from, compared with, in comparison with, different from, rather than. 如：

　　Their watch is to all the other watches on the market.

　　[A] superior [B] advantageous [C] super [D] beneficial

　　(答案为A)

　　Prior to his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.

　　5)比较级+and +比较级或more and more/less and less +原级以及ever, steadily, daily等副词+比较级结构表示越来越的意思，与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow, get ,become等。前面两种情况更多地出现在进行时态中，注意的是这三种情况引导的比较级后面都不需要用than.如：

　　Things are getting worse and worse.

　　As I spoke to him he became less and less angry.

　　Her health was becoming daily worse

　　The road got ever worse until there was no road at all = the road got worse and worse.

　　6)比较级前面可以用even, still, yet ,all the 等修饰语用以加强语气，表示更加的意思。如

　　Today it is even colder than yesterday

　　I have yet more exciting news for you

　　7) 有关比较级的特殊句型：

　　A): not so muchas与其说不如说

　　The chief reason for the population growth isnt so much a rise in birth rates a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.

　　[A] and [B] as [C]but [D] or

　　人口增长的主要原因与其说是因为出生率的提高，还不如说是因为医疗的进步带来的死亡率下降的结果。答案为B

　　B) no/not any morethan两者一样都不

　　The heart is intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.

　　[A] not so [B]not much [C]much more [D] no more

　　(心脏和胃两者都不具有智力，他们都受大脑控制。答案为D)

　　There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, they can limit how much water you drink.

　　[A] much more than [B] no more than

　　[C] no less than [D] any more than

　　(答案为D)

　　C)no/not any lessthan两者一样,都注意基本上与no/not any morethan意思相反

　　She is no less beautiful than her sister.她和她姐姐一样漂亮

　　D)just as so 正如， 也(用倒装结构)

　　Just as the soil is a part of the earth, the atmosphere.

　　[A] as it is [B] the same is [C] so is [D] and so is

　　(答案为C)

　　2.最高级形式应注意的问题：

　　1)最高级比较范围用介词in, over, of, among。

　　in, over用于在某一范围内的比较，如：in China, all over the world.

　　of, among用于在同一群体内同类事物的比较，如：among the teachers, of the four dresses.

　　注意：among相当于one of ,不说among all。这一点考生应与汉语表达区别开来

　　如：

　　all visible lights, red light has the longest and violet the shortest wavelength.

　　[A] Among [B] Of [C]For [D]To 答案为[B]

　　2)比较级形式表示最高级意义时，比较对象的范围应用：

　　any other +单数名词

　　the other +复数名词

　　the others

　　anyone/anything else

　　上述词是用业将比较级结构转变成最高级意义的关键词语，切不可遗漏，尤其是other，否则会造成逻辑混乱的错误。如不能说：John runs faster than anyone.注意与汉语表达的不同。

　　3)most可以用来修饰形容词或副词，意思相当于very，用法区分单复数，但不能用定冠词the，如：a most interesting book, most expensive restaurants， 要注意与 the +形容词最高级+of + 名词的结构表示的最高级的区别，如：

　　He spoke in the warmest of voices

　　They have been most kind to me

　　Basketball is the most popular of sports in this country.

　　Chinese is the most difficult of language

　　Chinese is a most difficult language