contain, include, embrace, involve, comprehend, hold, comprise
这些动词均含有包括,包含之意。
contain : 普通用词,所涉及的物体常常是其组成部分或内容。强调包容关系。既可指具体有形的东西,也可指抽象无形的东西。
Rice contains protein and fat.(大米含蛋白质和脂肪。)
include : 普通用词,指一整体包含着各独立的部分,也指某东西包含另一东西的某一部分。
Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.(他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。)
embrace : 正式用词,指把某事物纳入整个之中。
This course of study embraces every aspect of the subject.(本课程涉及这门学科的每个方面。)
involve : 把包含因整体的性质决定的成分或结果。所包括的往往是无形的,不可触知的东西,多用作引申。
These changes in the business involve the interest of all owners.(这些营业上的变更涉及所有股东的利益。)
comprehend : 正工用词,指包含在整体范围以内。
The park comprehends all the land on the other side of the river.(这公园包括了河那边的整个土地。)
hold : 常和contain换用。指能够容纳或有足够的容纳量。强调包容能力。
The box can hold all my clothes. (这箱子能装下我的全部衣服。)
comprise : 书面用词,暗指一个整体包括不同部分所组成,可与include交换使用。
The fishing fleet comprises around 70 boats.(捕鱼船队由大约70艘渔船组成。)
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