在学习中文识记汉字的过程中,我们常将一些诸如括与扩这样的同音字、京与津这样的近音字以及向与何这样的近形字归纳整理出来,比较异同以便强化记忆。英语词汇中的同音词、近音词和近形词也不少,它们的差异细微,以至于我们在学习过程中,一不小心就会出错。所以,在识记这些单词时,我们同样可从自己已学过的词汇里找出其同音词、近音词或近形词,着重留意它们的不同之处,进行辨异对比,就不会再轻易地张冠李戴了。
1. flour n. 面粉,粉状物 〔同音词〕花蜜像面粉
2. path n. 小路,小径 〔近音词〕经过小路
3. toe n. 脚趾,足尖 〔近形词〕足尖就是脚的顶端
由近形词比较记忆法还可引伸出同尾词比较记忆法:
4. flood n. 洪水,水灾 〔同尾词〕洪水之中,木头漂流
5. scream vi. 尖叫 n. 尖叫声 〔同尾词〕夜里做恶梦,发出尖叫声
若将近形词比较记忆法与借梯上楼法融会变通一下,我们还可以如此记忆英语单词:
6. lung n. 肺 〔近形词〕狼〈lang〉心狗肺
7. van n. 有篷载重汽车,运货车 〔近形词〕运货车上是盐〈yan〉包
此外,若将近形词比较记忆法作进一步的引申,我们还可将other和order做为词首词尾字母相同的首尾词进行联想记忆;
可将teacher和butcher作为同尾词进行联想记忆;
可将burst和nurse作为同腰词进行联想记忆;
可将garden和pardon作为腰尾词进行联想记忆;
可将custom和stomach作为同部词进行联想记忆。
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