ruin

　　vt. 破坏,毁掉 destroy or spoil

　　vt. vi. 破产,沦落 get total loss of money

　　同义词

　　n. dilapidation，downfall，laying waste，ruination

　　v. bankrupt，break，deflower，destroy

　　词汇辨析

　　break，destroy，ruin，wreck，damage，spoil

　　这些动词均有 破坏，损坏 之意。

　　break 普通用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。

　　destroy 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。

　　ruin 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义。

　　wreck 侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏，也可指计划、健康受到损害。

　　damage 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。

　　spoil 强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值，而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。

　　参考例句

　　1. The whole supermarket was ruined in a great fire.

　　整个超级市场被一场大火烧掉。

　　2. Drink contributed to his ruin .

　　喝酒促成了他的毁灭。

　　3. War begets misery and ruin.

　　战争引起苦难与毁灭。

　　参考例句

　　1.V-T To ruin something means to severely harm, damage, or spoil it. 毁坏

　　例：My wife was ruining her health through worry.

　　我妻子的忧虑正在损害着她的健康。

　　2.V-T To ruin someone means to cause them to no longer have any money. 使倾家荡产

　　例：She accused him of ruining her financially with his taste for the high life.

　　她指责他因其对高档生活的追求使得她倾家当产。

　　3.N-UNCOUNT Ruin is the state of no longer having any money. 破产

　　例：The farmers say recent inflation has driven them to the brink of ruin.

　　那些农民们说最近的通货膨胀已经把他们逼到了破产的边缘。

　　4.N-UNCOUNT Ruin is the state of being severely damaged or spoiled, or the process of reaching this state. 毁坏; 破落

　　例：The vineyards were falling into ruin.

　　那些葡萄园当时正日渐没落。

　　5.N-PLURAL The ruins of something are the parts of it that remain after it has been severely damaged or weakened. 残存部分

　　例：The new Turkish republic he helped to build emerged from the ruins of a great empire.

　　他帮助创建的新土耳其共和国是在大帝国残存的领土上建立起来的。

　　6.N-COUNT Theruins of a building are the parts of it that remain after the rest has fallen down or been destroyed. 废墟

　　例：One dead child was found in the ruins almost two hours after the explosion.

　　一名遇难儿童在爆炸发生近两小时后在废墟中被找到。

　　7. see also ruined

　　8.PHRASE If something is in ruins, it is completely spoiled. 毁灭了的

　　例：Its heavily subsidized economy is in ruins.

　　它的严重依赖于资助的经济已崩溃了。

　　9.PHRASE If a building or place is in ruins, most of it has been destroyed and only parts of it remain. 成为废墟了的

　　例：The abbey was in ruins.

　　这座修道院成了一片废墟。

　　常见用法

　　用作及物动词

　　He ruined his prospects by carelessness.

　　他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。

　　The politics of the company will ruin their image.

　　公司的策略会毁掉他们的形象。

　　His enemies maliciously conspired to ruin him.

　　他的敌人恶毒地密谋搞垮他。

　　The rain ruined my painting.

　　这场雨把我的画给毁了。

　　Her nervousness threatens to ruin the whole idea.

　　她的惊慌失措可能会破坏整个计划。

　　Only great efforts can retrieve the firm from ruin.

　　只有巨大的努力才能挽救这个濒于破产的公司。

　　These changes spell ruin for the company.

　　这些变化意味着该公司破产。

　　用作名词

　　His rashness led ultimately to his ruin.

　　他的急躁鲁莽最终导致了他的毁灭。

　　The ministers enemies engineered his ruin.

　　部长的敌人密谋陷害他。

　　Tom visualized the house as a romantic ruin.

　　汤姆把那所房子想像成有传奇色彩的废墟。

　　He is verging on ruin.

　　他正濒临毁灭。