英语四级经典必背500句：攻克阅读关键句238

　　238. In many cases, a victim s losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses，but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.

　　英语四级译文:

　　很多情况下，受害者所遭受的损失可能不仅包括直接的财务损失，还包括由犯罪分子造成的用于恢复受害者社会名誉和纠正错误信息的大笔额外费用。

　　四级词汇讲解:

　　本句的主干是losses may include not only losses, but custs。not only...but 连接了include的并列宾语，起到递进的作用;associated with...是costs的后置定语，而costs之前的三个形容词皆为其定语;trying to 和 corrccting...都是介词with的宾语，其中for which引导的是information的定语从句，介词for和之后的responsible构成短语be responsible for。

　　not only...but...的意思是 不仅 而且 ，还可用作not only...but also...。如:

　　Not only the grandparents were there but also the aunts and uncles.不光是祖父母在那里，就连姑姑、叔叔也在那里。

　　substantial的意思是 数目大的，可观的 。如:

　　Their contribution to the project was substantial.他们为该项目作了大量的贡献。

　　associate sb./sth. with的意思是 将某人联系起来，在头脑中联想 。如:

　　I always associated him with whisky.我总是由他联想到威士忌。

　　be responsible for的意思是 对 负责，归咎于 。如:

　　Smoking is responsible far many cases of lung cancer.吸烟是很多人患肺癌的致病因素。