边缘介词指的是那些在语法功能上与介词相似的词。本文些貌似动词却非动词的边缘介
词。与一般介词不同的是,这类介词的词形较特别:除少数词以动词原形出现以外,大多数词为分词形式。由于其独特的词形,加
上一般语法书上又没有给出详尽的用法说明及例句,人们往往很难将这些词同介词联系在一起。事实上,作为一种较为特殊的介
词,它们同样具有一般介词所具有的某些语法功能,在现代英语中的运用也并不少见。例如《大学英语》第一册中有这样的一个句
子...with more dignity than I would have thought possible
considering his appearance. 句中的considering就是
一个十分常见的边缘介词。对于每个英语学习者来说,了解并掌握一些类似的边缘介词是很有必要的。这里,我向读者介绍一些常
见的类似动词的边缘介词。
一、 形似现在分词的边缘介词
英语中,绝大多数类似动词的边缘介词都为现在分词形式,其中最为常见的有以下一些:
1.barring:
Barring special circumstances, the plane will arrive on schedule.
如无特殊情况,飞机将准时到达。
2.concerning:
We had several discussions concerning the matter.
关于这事,我们已讨论好几次了。
3.considering:
Considering his age, he writes quite well.
以他的年龄来看,他写得相当不错。
4.excepting,该词用于句首或not,without,always之后。
Everyone helped, not excepting John.
每个人都帮了一把,连约翰也不例外。
5.failing:
Failing specific instructions, use your own judgment.
如无具体指示,请自行酌办。
6.pending,此词为正式用语。
This matter must wait pending his return from Europe.
这件事要等到他从欧洲回来后再说。
7.regarding,此词为正式用语,常用于商业信函中。
Yesterday, we had a spirited discussion regarding the future of the
reform.
昨天,我们就改革的前途进行了一番热烈的讨论。
8.respecting:
Im at a loss respecting his whereabouts.
关于他的下落,我一无所知。
9.touching,该词用于正式语体或书面语。
Touching the case, I suggest that we should go to ask the litigant.
关于这个案子,我建议我们去问问当事人。
10.wanting:
Wanting courage, victory is impossible.
没有勇气,就不可能取得胜利。
二、形似过去分词及形同动词原形的边缘介词
这类介词为数不多,最常用的有以下几个:
1.given:
Given the present conditions, I think shes done rather well.
考虑到目前的条件,我认为她做得相当不错了。
2.granted :
Granted that she should come to lend you a hand, it
doesnt mean she will.
即使她应该来帮你一把,也并不意味着她会这样做。
3.bar:
Well come on time bartraffic delay.
除非路上堵车,我们将准时到达。
4.save,此词为正式用语。
The screen was all dark save for one bright spot.
除了一个光点之外,屏幕上一片黑暗。
从以上所给例句中,我们不难看出,这类介词同样具有一般介词的语法功能,它们在句中主要用作状语或在名词短语之后作后
置修饰语。有一点需要说明的是,有些以分词形式出现的词,除了有边缘介词的功能以外,还有其他一些功能,如连接词的功能,
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