否定与判断类的题型

　　在对话部分，常常有一些是由not，no，neither，nor构成的直接否定，但也有一些是由but，rather，tooto及虚拟语气构成的含蓄否定。在考试中要特别注意含蓄否定的表达，而在含蓄表达的几个词中，but 更为重要。

　　(1) but引起的否定

　　You will read：

　　A) The man is too tired to go to the movie.

　　B) The woman wants to go to the movie.

　　C) The woman wants to go out to dinner.

　　D) The woman does not want to go to the movie.

　　You will hear：

　　M：Lets go to the movie after dinner.

　　W：Well, Ill go if you really want to, but Im a little bit tired.

　　Q：What do we learn from the conversation?

　　答案是D)。but是关键词，将口气转向了否定。有but出现的句子，多数出题的考点就设在but后面。这类出现but的对话有一些共同特点：第一个说话者常以祈使句或疑问句提出请求或建议，而第二个说话者并未直截了当地给予正面回答，而是在其回答中使用but来表示否定或委婉的拒绝。例如：

　　M：Would you like to? / Lets

　　W：Well, Id like to, but

　　Q：

　　(2) 虚拟语气引起的否定

　　You will read：

　　A) John got better grades when he studied.

　　B) John is getting better grades by studying.

　　C) John will get better grades.

　　D) John did not get better grades because he did not study hard enough.

　　You will hear：

　　M：John is a smart boy.

　　W：Yes, if he had studied more, he could have gotten better grades.

　　Q：What does the second speaker mean?

　　答案是D)。解这类题的关键是能迅速辨认出所听到的对话是虚拟语气的句子。如上例，听到的第二句是If he had studied more, he could have gotten better grades. 这个形式上肯定的虚拟句含蓄地表达了否定的意义，因此答案是D)。